Current research in behavioral sciences最新文献

{"title":"Reducing overhead aversion in charitable giving through information and introspection","authors":"Hulda Karlsson-Larsson ,&nbsp;Hajdi Moche ,&nbsp;Daniel Västfjäll","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Donors are less likely to donate to charities with high overhead levels. Can giving information about what the overhead covers and its effect on charity effectiveness, combined with deliberating on that information (introspection) reduce such overhead aversion? To answer this, two experiments were performed (1: N = 1017; 2: N = 814), comparing the proportion of donations to one of two charities that varied in overhead levels (0 % or 50 %). Experiment 1 aimed to replicate the overhead aversion effect and examine if it may be mitigated with information and/or introspection. Experiment 2 explored the impact of information content. We find overhead aversion in both experiments. Combining nuanced information about overhead with introspection reduced overhead aversion. Moreover, the results indicate that donors are responsive to the content of the overhead information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tool to probe domain-general syntax: Simple and complex actions with a tool improve syntactic comprehension in language","authors":"Raphaël Py ,&nbsp;Marie-Hélène Grosbras ,&nbsp;Claudio Brozzoli ,&nbsp;Marie Montant","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Language is a complex faculty made up of different components, many of which are based on sensorimotor processes. In this study, we focused on syntax, which is known for its role in sentence construction, but also in goal-directed actions like toolmaking or tool-use. It has been shown that syntactic processes in language and tool-use share common neural resources, therefore benefiting one from the other. Here, we investigated behaviorally the relationship between manual action and language comprehension. We varied the complexity of manual action along two independent dimensions: the length of the action sequence and whether participants used their hand or a tool. A cohort of 80 adult participants underwent a learning transfer protocol consisting of a syntactic comprehension test before and after being trained in the motor task. Our results showed that the use of a tool is crucial for allowing a learning transfer to occur from the motor to the language domains: regardless of the complexity of action sequences, participants performed significantly better in the syntactic comprehension task after tool-use training, but not after bare hand training. Our results also suggested that complex actions combined with tool-use might enhance this effect and that inter-individual tool-use dexterity is a good predictor of syntactic performance in language.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145265409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring sensory processing sensitivity: Relationships with mental and somatic health, interactions with positive and negative environments, and evidence for differential susceptibility","authors":"Christienne G. Damatac ,&nbsp;Marleen J. ter Avest ,&nbsp;Tom F. Wilderjans ,&nbsp;Véronique De Gucht ,&nbsp;Dion H.A. Woestenburg ,&nbsp;Laurens Landeweerd ,&nbsp;Tessel E. Galesloot ,&nbsp;Linda Geerligs ,&nbsp;Judith R. Homberg ,&nbsp;Corina U. Greven","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2024.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2024.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environment may play a role in how the evolutionarily conserved personality trait sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) relates to health. Nevertheless, there has been no comprehensive investigation of the relationships between SPS and mental and somatic health outcomes in a large sample, while accounting for neuroticism and environmental variables. To better understand susceptibility to positive and negative environments, we systematically investigated associations between SPS and several health-related outcomes: stress-related traits, neurodevelopmental (ADHD and autistic) traits, well-being, and somatic health in 252 adults (ages 30–39 years) from a population-based sample. We then evaluated how environmental factors modify those relationships by testing SPS interactions with lifetime or current measures of positive or negative environments. Finally, we formally tested whether SPS is a factor for differential susceptibility. Notably, we found that higher SPS related to more burnout, anxiety, depression, stress, health complaints, and nonprescription medication use but not to total neurodevelopmental traits. Even after controlling for neuroticism, burnout, anxiety, and health complaints associations with SPS remained significant. We also found small to modest associations between SPS subscales and neurodevelopmental trait subscales. Of note, in unfavorable environments (threatening life events), higher SPS related to more autistic traits. In favorable environments (social support), SPS related to more life satisfaction, supporting the theory of SPS as a factor for differential susceptibility to environments. This study illustrates that SPS may be a risk factor for stress-related and somatic symptoms, independent of neuroticism. We conclude that SPS may moderate sensitivity to environments, possibly as an adaptation factor, enabling highly sensitive individuals to be more malleable to environmental influences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia-related stigma across age groups and perspectives: Similarities and differences suggest the need for tailored anti-stigma interventions","authors":"Ruth Brookman,&nbsp;Eman Shatnawi,&nbsp;Kristian Lukic,&nbsp;Sasha Sirota,&nbsp;Celia B. Harris","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dementia-related (DR) <strong>s</strong>tigma diminishes the wellbeing of people with dementia and their families. However, information about how DR-stigma differs across the lifespan is scarce. We aimed to understand similarities and difference in public stigma (stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination) across age groups and perspectives, including factors associated with its expression.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We conducted a mixed-method study with a community sample of Australians (N = 278), to examine public DR-stigma in younger (<em>n</em> = 163) and older (<em>n</em> = 115) adults. In part 1, free responses were thematically analysed and coded inductively for content and deductively for valence to compare dementia stereotypes across age groups (younger vs. older), and perspectives (own vs. other). In part 2, a standardised stigma measure enabled comparison of prejudice and discrimination. Separate age group correlational analyses examined relationships between stigma, dementia knowledge, mental wellbeing, family knowledge, and subjective memory concerns.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In part 1, free responses of older adults included significantly more negative and derogatory stereotypes than younger adults. Both age groups considered others to have more negative stereotypes than themselves, but this perception was higher in older adults. Part 2 yielded no age group difference from one's own perspective for DR-prejudice and DR-discrimination. However, for perceived DR-discrimination by others, older adults rated higher levels of social distancing than younger adults. Younger and older adults perceived others to be more discriminating than themselves. Dementia knowledge was associated with less stigma but only for younger adults.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Age-related variability in the factors associated with DR-stigma indicates the need for stigma reduction interventions that are targeted to specific age groups and associated risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into audio-visual temporal perception in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia","authors":"Monica Gori ,&nbsp;Maria Bianca Amadeo ,&nbsp;Andrea Escelsior ,&nbsp;Davide Esposito ,&nbsp;Alberto Inuggi ,&nbsp;Riccardo Guglielmo ,&nbsp;Luis Polena ,&nbsp;Juxhin Bode ,&nbsp;Beatriz Pereira da Silva ,&nbsp;Mario Amore ,&nbsp;Gianluca Serafini","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our perception of the world and sense of self are deeply influenced by our perception of time. Research in psychiatric disorders has shown altered temporal perception across a variety of tasks, though the mechanisms behind these changes remain unclear. This study aims to explore temporal processing in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) by examining auditory, visual, and audio-visual temporal perception. The results revealed impaired temporal performance across all sensory modalities and the absence of auditory dominance in both patient groups. Specifically, in SZ patients, multisensory processing was associated with visual precision, while in BD patients, there was no such relationship with either visual or auditory precision. Notably, in SZ, visual precision was significantly linked to negative symptoms. Moreover, despite the lack of auditory dominance and similar deficits in unisensory performance, neither patient group benefited from redundant multisensory information in the temporal task. These findings highlight distinct patterns of temporal processing in BD and SZ compared to healthy controls, suggesting potential pathways for targeted interventions, such as integrating sensory training into clinical rehabilitative frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143311102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudinal factors influencing willingness to use anti-obesity medication in adults with obesity","authors":"Rekha Kumar ,&nbsp;Hong Kan ,&nbsp;Ryan Honomichl ,&nbsp;Scott Kahan ,&nbsp;Kimberly Gudzune ,&nbsp;Tracy J. Sims ,&nbsp;Jamy Ard ,&nbsp;Lee M. Kaplan ,&nbsp;Kristen King-Concialdi ,&nbsp;Sheila Drakeley ,&nbsp;Kathleen Beusterien","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) improve weight loss and weight-related outcomes, compared with behavioral approaches alone. Despite this, few patients are prescribed AOMs. The aim of the present study was to explore potential psychological factors related to willingness to take AOMs. Adult persons with obesity (PwO) completed an online survey focused on attitudes, perceptions, and motivations around obesity care. Seven predictor factors were identified via exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. A multivariable analysis showed the following to influence willingness to take AOMs: having a doctor involved in their weight loss journey, having experienced social or emotional problems with weight, being motivated to lose weight for social or health reasons, and experiencing weight-related stigma; perceiving that lifestyle intervention is sufficient for maintaining weight loss is a deterrent. Mediation analyses showed that having social or emotional problems because of excess weight and social/health motivations for weight loss were both significant predictors of willingness to take AOMs, with desire for health care provider (HCP) involvement and weight-related stigma positively, and belief in the sufficiency of lifestyle changes negatively, mediating these effects. These findings highlight the complexity of psychological and behavioral factors related to obesity care and how PwO perceive that AOMs may be able to help them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social normative beliefs and older adults’ volunteering – A daily diary study","authors":"Maria Wirth,&nbsp;M. Clara de Paula Couto,&nbsp;Paula Molina Sander,&nbsp;Klaus Rothermund","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2024.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2024.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Older adults are faced with societal normative expectations that set standards for age-appropriate behavior. They supposedly align their behavior with what is socially expected of them to avoid backlash and disapproval. However, a link between societal norms and older adults’ behavior has not been established in previous studies. In a pre-registered daily diary study, we tested the link between the societal norm that older adults should contribute to the common good (i.e., social activation) and volunteering in everyday life in a sample of older adults (N = 78, 60 –85 years). We presented (fictitious) social consensus feedback indicating that a majority of society either agrees or disagrees with social activation and tested the effect of this consensus feedback on endorsing social activation and engaging in daily volunteering. Replicating previous studies, participants who were told that a majority agrees with social activation reported higher endorsement of social activation than those being told that a majority disagrees. Daily volunteering did not differ between social consensus groups. However, we found a significant relation between endorsement of social activation and daily volunteering for the agreement but not the disagreement group. This finding indicates that strongly endorsing social activation may be a prerequisite for societal appeals regarding older adults’ volunteering to become effective. Given the relatively low level of daily volunteering in our sample, these results warrant further investigation. Our findings offer important insights for initiatives promoting social participation among older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collaboration induces debt-motivated altruism","authors":"Mary C. McGrath","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collaboration with others—even a minimal instance—increases willingness to bear costs on their behalf. What is the mechanism underlying this effect? This prosocial behavior could be driven by an egoistic motivation or an altruistic motivation—and altruistic motivations could reflect either unbounded altruism or bounded altruism. I hypothesize that the collaboration effect operates by creating a sense of obligation or indebtedness to one's partner, thereby increasing willingness to sacrifice via a bounded form of altruism. I test this hypothesis in a randomized experiment and replication (Experiments 1 and 2), finding evidence that people behave as if collaboration creates an obligation of debt owed to the collaborator. Then, I rule out that the mechanism at work is simply increased inequality aversion, demonstrating that collaboration can decrease inequality aversion within a context of baseline equality (Experiment 3) and within a context of disadvantageous inequality (Experiment 4).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local and global contribution to selective and sustained attention","authors":"Victoria Geraldi Menegon ,&nbsp;Natalia Máximo Alves Rocha ,&nbsp;Leonardo Dutra Henriques ,&nbsp;Marcelo Fernandes Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2025.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an innovative approach to measuring coherent motion thresholds under conditions that separately evaluate global and local visual contributions to sustained selective attention. By manipulating spatial and temporal frequencies, we biased visual inputs toward the Magnocellular (low spatial, high temporal frequency) and Parvocellular (high spatial, low temporal frequency) pathways. Our findings reveal distinct behaviors between global and local visual processing conditions, underscoring their differential contributions to attentional performance. Coherence thresholds were significantly altered under sustained attention demands, with a notably smaller threshold increase in the low spatial frequency/high-speed (10°/s) condition, supporting a predominant involvement of global processing and the dorsal stream. Additionally, threshold variations aligned with expected physiological properties: lower thresholds at higher speeds in low spatial frequency conditions and at lower speeds in high spatial frequency conditions. These patterns validate our method’s robustness in assessing attentional modulation of perceptual functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145048404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The stress-busting power of Digital Self-Efficacy: Does training format matter for workers?","authors":"Milton Paredes-Aguirre ,&nbsp;Olivia Hernandez-Pozas ,&nbsp;Yarid Ayala ,&nbsp;Ronald Campoverde Aguirre","doi":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2024.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crbeha.2024.100161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals' confidence in their ability to effectively use digital technologies, termed Digital Self-Efficacy (DSE), has become essential in today's workplace, especially with the rise of remote work and increasing reliance on technology. However, the relationships among DSE, job stressors, and Psychological Detachment (PD) are still not fully understood. This study examines the moderating role of DSE in the relationship between Work Intensification (WI), Role Ambiguity (RA), Organizational Support (OS), and PD. Using PLS-SEM, we analyzed data from 653 workers in Ecuador. The findings confirmed the expected negative impact of WI and the positive influence of OS on PD. Interestingly, a positive relationship between RA and PD was observed, contrary to initial expectations. The study also revealed differences between workers who underwent Self-directed versus Directed digital competence training. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the role digital skills play in managing job stress and fostering recovery in modern work environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72746,"journal":{"name":"Current research in behavioral sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143173129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}