Current pediatrics reports最新文献

{"title":"Treatment of MIS-C in Children and Adolescents.","authors":"Sanaa Mahmoud, Mostafa El-Kalliny, Alyaa Kotby, Mona El-Ganzoury, Eman Fouda, Hanan Ibrahim","doi":"10.1007/s40124-021-00259-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40124-021-00259-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Different treatment approaches have been described for the management of COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), the pathogenesis of which has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we comprehensively review and summarize the recommendations and management strategies that have been published to date.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>MIS-C patients are treated with different regimens, mostly revolving around the use of immunomodulatory medications, including IVIG and glucocorticoids as first-tier therapy. Refractoriness to IVIG and glucocorticoids warrants a step-up of immunomodulatory therapy to biologic agents such as anakinra, tocilizumab, and infliximab.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>We review the current evidence regarding the use of monotherapy versus combination therapy, as well as the current recommendations for assessing thrombotic risk and administering antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy. We anticipate that future studies will provide evidence for management plans that maximize short- and long-term outcomes.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40124-021-00259-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8741532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39827373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Complications of COVID-19 Infection in Adolescents and Children.","authors":"Keerthi Thallapureddy, Khyathi Thallapureddy, Erika Zerda, Neeraj Suresh, Deepak Kamat, Karthik Rajasekaran, Alvaro Moreira","doi":"10.1007/s40124-021-00260-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40124-021-00260-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Compared to adults, post-COVID-19 symptoms are uncommon and have not been thoroughly evaluated in children. This review summarizes the literature in terms of persistent symptoms in children and adolescents after SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Children were less likely to develop long COVID when compared to adults. Older children (e.g., adolescents) and those who had symptomatic COVID-19 had a higher probability for long COVID.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Families and health care providers need to be aware of a new constellation of long COVID symptoms in the pediatric population. More evidence and time are needed to better understand the potential effects of long COVID-19 in children and adolescents. In comparison to adults, children are less likely to have persistent COVID-19 symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"11-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8803461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39894411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collateral Damage: Increasing Risks to Children in a Hostile Immigration Policy Environment.","authors":"Fiona Danaher,&nbsp;Ronnie Blackwell,&nbsp;Rashmi Jasrasaria,&nbsp;Rahel Bosson","doi":"10.1007/s40124-022-00281-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-022-00281-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To identify how recent immigration policies have affected the health of children in immigrant families (CIF).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>As the number of children and families arriving to the US border has increased, so too have immigration policies directly targeting them.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Anti-immigrant policies increase the dangers experienced by children migrating to the USA, while also limiting access to needed resources and medical care for CIF inside the country, including many who are US citizens. The resultant deprivation and toxic stress are associated with adverse consequences for children's physical and mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":" ","pages":"260-265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9676715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40708444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, Clinical Features, and Outcomes of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and Adolescents-a Live Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Li Jiang, Kun Tang, Omar Irfan, Xuan Li, Enyao Zhang, Zulfiqar Bhutta","doi":"10.1007/s40124-022-00264-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40124-022-00264-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>A multisystem inflammatory condition occurring in children and adolescents with COVID-19 has become increasingly recognized and widely studied globally. This review aims to investigate and synthesize evolving evidence on its clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes in pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>We retrieved data from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, WHO COVID-19 Database, Google Scholar, and preprint databases, covering a timeline from December 1, 2019, to July 31, 2021. A total of 123 eligible studies were included in the final descriptive and risk factor analyses. We comprehensively reviewed reported multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) cases from published and preprint studies of various designs to provide an updated evidence on epidemiology, clinical, laboratory and imaging findings, management, and short-term outcomes. Latest evidence suggests that African black and non-Hispanic white are the two most common ethnic groups, constituting 24.89% (95% CI 23.30-26.48%) and 25.18% (95% CI 23.51-26.85%) of the MIS-C population, respectively. Typical symptoms of MIS-C include fever (90.85%, 95% CI 89.86-91.84%), not-specified gastrointestinal symptoms (51.98%, 95% CI 50.13-53.83%), rash (49.63%, 95% CI 47.80-51.47%), abdominal pain (48.97%, 95% CI 47.09-50.85%), conjunctivitis (46.93%, 95% CI 45.17-48.69%), vomiting (43.79%, 95% CI 41.90-45.68%), respiratory symptoms (41.75%, 95% CI 40.01-43.49%), and diarrhea (40.10%, 95% CI 38.23-41.97%). MIS-C patients are less likely to develop conjunctivitis (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.11-0.67), cervical adenopathy (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.07-0.68), and rash (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26-0.77), in comparison with Kawasaki disease patients. Our review revealed that the majority of MIS-C cases (95.21%) to be full recovered while only 2.41% died from this syndrome. We found significant disparity between low- and middle-income countries and high-income countries in terms of clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>MIS-C, which appears to be linked to COVID-19, may cause severe inflammation in organs and tissues. Although there is emerging new evidence about the characteristics of this syndrome, its risk factors, and clinical prognosis, much remains unknown about the causality, the optimal prevention and treatment interventions, and long-term outcomes of the MIS-C patients.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40124-022-00264-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"19-30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9072767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48989900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term COVID 19 Sequelae in Adolescents: the Overlap with Orthostatic Intolerance and ME/CFS.","authors":"Amanda K Morrow, Laura A Malone, Christina Kokorelis, Lindsay S Petracek, Ella F Eastin, Katie L Lobner, Luise Neuendorff, Peter C Rowe","doi":"10.1007/s40124-022-00261-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40124-022-00261-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To discuss emerging understandings of adolescent long COVID or post-COVID-19 conditions, including proposed clinical definitions, common symptoms, epidemiology, overlaps with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and orthostatic intolerance, and preliminary guidance on management.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The recent World Health Organization clinical case definition of post-COVID-19 condition requires a history of probable or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, with symptoms starting within 3 months of the onset of COVID-19. Symptoms must last for at least 2 months and cannot be explained by an alternative diagnosis. Common symptoms of the post-COVID-19 condition include, but are not limited to, fatigue, shortness of breath, and cognitive dysfunction. These symptoms generally have an impact on everyday functioning. The incidence of prolonged symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection has proven challenging to define, but it is now clear that those with relatively mild initial infections, without severe initial respiratory disease or end-organ injury, can still develop chronic impairments, with symptoms that overlap with conditions like ME/CFS (profound fatigue, unrefreshing sleep, post-exertional malaise, cognitive dysfunction, and orthostatic intolerance).</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>We do not yet have a clear understanding of the mechanisms by which individuals develop post-COVID-19 conditions. There may be several distinct types of long COVID that require different treatments. At this point, there is no single pharmacologic agent to effectively treat all symptoms. Because some presentations of post-COVID-19 conditions mimic disorders such as ME/CFS, treatment guidelines for this and related conditions can be helpful for managing post-COVID-19 symptoms.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40124-022-00261-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8906524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45575688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Celiac Disease","authors":"Hilary Jericho, S. Guandalini","doi":"10.1007/s40124-018-0154-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-018-0154-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"40-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40124-018-0154-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42044416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity in Children with Kidney Disease","authors":"A. McKay, S. Kennedy","doi":"10.1007/s40124-021-00255-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-021-00255-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"104 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49387642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demystifying the Nephron: a Call to Action","authors":"C. Prasad, Jenna Mistry, S. Radhakrishnan","doi":"10.1007/s40124-021-00251-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-021-00251-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"127 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42812187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IgA Vasculitis: a Review and Update on the Management of Renal and Extrarenal Disease, Highlighting What’s New for Biomarkers and Treatment","authors":"Jonathan Park, R. Berard, J. Grimmer, A. Kirpalani","doi":"10.1007/s40124-021-00247-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-021-00247-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"118 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40124-021-00247-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44802156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroencephalographic Monitoring Technology Role in Remote Ped Intensive Care Units in Rio de Janeiro, Brasil","authors":"Eduardo Jorge Custódio da Silva, Christianne Martins Corrêa da Silva Bahia, M.S.R. Ferreira, Priscila Oliveira da Conceição, E. Zaeyen","doi":"10.1007/s40124-021-00243-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40124-021-00243-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72740,"journal":{"name":"Current pediatrics reports","volume":"9 1","pages":"60 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40124-021-00243-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42658088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}