Current medicine research and practice最新文献

{"title":"Overview of the artificial intelligence roadmap: Future applications in brain research","authors":"Deepika Bohra, R. Rana, N. Ganguly","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_85_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_85_22","url":null,"abstract":"The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technique in the early identification and categorisation of brain tumour. The currently used method, i.e., magnetic resonance image for the detection of tumour is a time–consuming and complex technique. In the newly developing technique using the AI, the magnetic resonance image scans are used as input data, whereas the currently used method reads the magnetic resonance image manually. The purpose of this article is that the use of novel technique seems very promising in the early detection of brain tumour with high sensitivity and specificity. In this article, two disciplines of AI – machine learning and deep learning are extensively discussed. Through the utilisation of AI techniques, the fields of medicine and health care have experienced remarkable advancements, still there is a shortage of knowledge on artificial–based methods for early tumour diagnosis and classification. In addition, the article discusses the future application of AI techniques in clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77767044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Inflammatory markers for disease management in patients with chronic kidney disease and COVID-19 infection: A cross-sectional study from North India","authors":"V. Khurana, B. Goswami, S. Aggarwal, S. Kaushik","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_113_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_113_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The world witnessed the emergence of a global pandemic. Individuals with chronic illnesses like chronic kidney disease (CKD), already known to be immunologically compromised, have the potential to develop a scenario of an acute-on-chronic condition on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) contraction. Measurement of serum inflammatory biomarkers like interleukin (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and ferritin may foresee the prognosis despite the pre-existing low-grade inflammation in these patients. Aims: To determine the utility of serum IL-6, hsCRP and Ferritin levels to determine COVID-19 severity and probable prognosis in CKD patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 100 adult known cases of stage 5 of CKD, recently diagnosed as COVID-19 positive by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The study population was divided into two groups according to COVID-19 severity: A non-severe and a severe group based on guidelines given in the Clinical Management Protocol: COVID-19. Their clinical and laboratory data obtained on the day of admission were analysed. Results: The severe group (n = 17) had 65% of males and 35% of females. A significant difference was found with respect to the age, body mass index and serum IL-6, hsCRP and ferritin levels between the two groups (P < 0.05). Among the three inflammatory biomarkers, hsCRP was found to have the maximum potential to categorise COVID-19 as severe or non-severe disease. Conclusion: Similar to patients with uncomplicated COVID-19 disease, higher serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers – IL-6, hsCRP and ferritin are seen in patients of CKD with severe COVID-19 illness in comparison to those with non-severe COVID-19, despite having a pre-existing background of low-grade chronic inflammation. The serum levels of IL-6, hsCRP and ferritin can be utilised to determine COVID-19 severity and probable prognosis in CKD patients with COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90265901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory markers in patients with chronic kidney disease and coronavirus disease: Implications for disease management","authors":"D. Khullar, Abhishek","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_119_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_119_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88098577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare cause of red eyes: Cogan's syndrome","authors":"Shipra Gulati, Rishikesh Dessai, K. Chawla, N. Jain","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_122_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_122_22","url":null,"abstract":"A 74-year-old hypertensive male presented with redness of both the eyes, bilateral hearing loss and on and off fever since 1 month. A diagnosis of Cogan's syndrome was made, and treatment with systemic steroids and immune-suppression led to complete reversion of his symptoms, red eyes and hearing loss.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82585460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pattern of antimicrobial resistance and the presence of the vaginolysin gene in Gardnerella vaginalis isolates from pregnant women","authors":"Deepika Tripathi, Rishi Saxena, Sippy Agarwal","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_77_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_77_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection, with Gardnerella vaginalis being the predominant microorganism responsible. BV causes vaginal discharge and irritation and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Vaginalis produces a pore-forming protein toxin, vaginolysin (VLY), which is essential for virulence and plays a role in the pathogenesis of BV. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of the VLY gene in isolates of G. vaginalis from pregnant women and to determine their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Materials and Methods: Vaginal secretions were collected from 250 pregnant women and processed for G. vaginalis isolation. Presumptive identification of the isolates was done by Amsel's criteria, b-haemolysis and oxidase and catalase tests. A polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the bacterial identity and detect the VLY gene. Anti-microbial susceptibility patterns were determined for metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, sulphonamides, chloramphenicol and ampicillin. Results: Out of 250 swabs examined, 72 (28.8%) were positive for G. vaginalis, with 59 from BV patients and 13 from non-BV patients. The VLY gene was detected in 33.3% of G. vaginalis isolates from non-BV patients and in 66.6% of those from BV symptomatic patients. Metronidazole and chloramphenicol showed a high sensitivity of 66.6%. Conclusion: The study concludes that regional drug susceptibility studies should be conducted to reduce the phenomenon of bacterial resistance. Further prospective research is needed to understand the function of G. vaginalis in the pathogenesis of BV.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86871215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An intriguing case of episodic hypersomnolence- Kleine–Levin syndrome, a diagnosis often missed","authors":"Shreya Chauhan, R. Sabharwal, Praveen Kumar, Paramita Paul","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_67_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_67_23","url":null,"abstract":"A sleep disorder is characterised by alteration in normal pattern of sleep enough to interfere with the normal functioning of an individual. Sleep disorders are broadly classified as primary sleep disorders such as dyssomnias, hypersomnia and parasomnias and secondary due to medical and mental disorders such as anxiety or substance abuse. We report the case of a 12-year-old boy who presented to us with episodic hypersomnolence, hyperphagia and behavioural abnormalities and was initially managed as epilepsy at another hospital. He was subsequently diagnosed as primary sleep disorder, Kleine–Levin syndrome. We also describe the diagnostic approach to such a case and the crucial role of functional brain imaging in it.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83717210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The commodification of academic publishing – Relevance to cancer palliative care literature","authors":"A. Ghoshal","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_111_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_111_23","url":null,"abstract":"The commodification of academic publishing refers to the process of turning academic research and scholarship into a marketable product that can be bought and sold for profit. This has become an increasingly prevalent issue in recent years, as academic publishing has become dominated by a small number of large commercial publishers who control access to research and charge exorbitant fees for access to academic articles. In the context of cancer palliative care literature, the commodification of academic publishing has several important implications. First, it means that access to important research on cancer palliative care may be restricted to those who can afford to pay for it, effectively limiting its dissemination and impact. This is particularly problematic in low-income countries or regions where resources for cancer palliative care are already limited. Second, the commodification of academic publishing can lead to the proliferation of predatory journals that publish low-quality or even fraudulent research for profit, which can lead to misleading or harmful information being disseminated to practitioners, policymakers and the public. Finally, the emphasis on profit in academic publishing can create pressure for researchers to prioritise publishing in high-impact journals rather than focusing on research that is most relevant to the needs of cancer palliative care patients and their families. This can create a skewed incentive structure that values prestige over impact, potentially undermining the quality and relevance of research in this field. In summary, the commodification of academic publishing has significant implications for cancer palliative care literature, including issues of access, quality and relevance. It is important for researchers, policymakers and publishers to work together to address these challenges and ensure that the best research is made accessible to all those who need it, regardless of their ability to pay.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87465262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study to assess the job stress levels among faculty members in medical institutions","authors":"BSenthil Kumar, Deepti Shastri, KEzhil Vendhan","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_19_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_19_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For many people, stress is so common that it has become a part of life. When it is within a limit, it can help to perform under pressure and motivate to do our best. But when it exceeds and constantly running in an emergency mode, mind and body both are affected. Stress accounts for 80% of all illnesses either directly or indirectly. Stress weakens the immune system and has various effects on the brain and body involving cardiovascular problems, mental illness, depression, etc., Aims: To assess the stress levels among faculty working in medical institutions and to study the need and techniques of stress management. Materials and Methods: The proposed study was conducted as a survey using a structured validated questionnaire among the faculty working in VMKVMCH, Salem and other medical institutions. The survey was analyzed and stress level was assessed and correlated. Results: Efforts must be made to hire adequate, well trained and efficient faculty, discuss grievances with the faculty and take appropriate actions to alleviate stress & anxiety. A significant measure from the administrator's point of view would be to recognize the importance of personal lives of the faculty which may, at times be prioritized over office work. Effective coping strategies need to be adopted by administrators including Stress Management Training, periodical retreats, engaging counselors / medical experts / psychologists to provide support and established stress free working environment. Conclusion: The study concludes that excessive workload due to under staffing and preposterous deadlines contribute majorly to work related stress. It is recommended that the management and administrators recruit and train more faculty and delegate some of the responsibilities to them; ensure equitable distribution of work; address grievances of faculty as soon as possible and provide de-stressing and rejuvenating measures like office parties and supportive counseling by professionals.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90633155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computerised tomography brain findings in male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome: A hospital based cross sectional study","authors":"Vatsal Suchak, A. Kakunje, Vishwanath Reddy","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_135_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_135_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) is a set of mental, emotional and physiological effects of drinking alcohol daily. This study aimed to assess the computerised tomography (CT) brain findings in patients with ADS and to compare it with age-matched controls. Aims: To study the relationship of CT-Brain findings in Male patients with alcohol dependence syndrome and compare it with controls. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out after obtaining clearance from the institution's ethics committee between 1 January 2021 and April 2022. Medical records of 64 patients were examined, of which 32 patients with the diagnosis of ADS who had already undergone CT brain Neuroimaging and 32 age- and sex-matched normal controls, were randomly selected and parameters were compared to look at cortical atrophy, cella media index (CMI), the maximum width of the third, fourth ventricle, frontal subarachnoid space, Evans ratio, the maximum width of the anterior interhemispheric fissure and maximum width of the Sylvian fissure (MSF). Results: The study detected that the mean age of cases was 41.96 years, and in controls, it was 40.91 years with no significant difference. There was a significant difference in the mean level of CMI, the maximum width of the third and fourth ventricle, frontal subarachnoid space, the maximum width of the anterior hemispheric fissure and the MSF amongst the cases compared to controls. Conclusion: Compared to controls, there was a significant change in CT brain findings amongst the ADS patients.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75057856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional intelligence and personality among undergraduate students in a rural district of South India","authors":"Kannappa V. Shetty, J. Jaise, Upasana Baruah, Urmila Bamney, G. Sachetha","doi":"10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_105_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_105_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Emotional intelligence is a key concept that contributes to the development of stronger relationships, academic and professional success and can lead to better mental, social and even physical health. It helps an individual to understand themselves and others, and has special significance in the life of a student. There is some preliminary evidence that emotional intelligence could also be associated with the personality traits of an individual. This association needs to be explored further and the current study aims to explore the same in the student population. Materials and Methods: The study aimed to assess the level of emotional intelligence and its correlation with the personality traits of college students. A descriptive research design was used and data were collected from 120 undergraduate students using simple random sampling. The emotional intelligence scale and big five inventory questionnaire were used to collect the data. Results: Most of the population belonged to an average level of emotional intelligence (58.3%), reported a high level of openness (49.2%), low level of conscientiousness (55.8%), high level of extraversion (76.7%), high level of agreeableness (47.5%) and low level of neuroticism (65.8%). Emotional intelligence was negatively correlated to neuroticism (r = −0.349**). Conclusion: The study results indicate that there is a significant correlation between emotional intelligence and neuroticism among undergraduate students. This aspect can be further explored to develop an intervention to enhance emotional intelligence among undergraduate students.","PeriodicalId":72736,"journal":{"name":"Current medicine research and practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75773053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}