The pattern of antimicrobial resistance and the presence of the vaginolysin gene in Gardnerella vaginalis isolates from pregnant women

Deepika Tripathi, Rishi Saxena, Sippy Agarwal
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Abstract

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection, with Gardnerella vaginalis being the predominant microorganism responsible. BV causes vaginal discharge and irritation and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Vaginalis produces a pore-forming protein toxin, vaginolysin (VLY), which is essential for virulence and plays a role in the pathogenesis of BV. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of the VLY gene in isolates of G. vaginalis from pregnant women and to determine their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Materials and Methods: Vaginal secretions were collected from 250 pregnant women and processed for G. vaginalis isolation. Presumptive identification of the isolates was done by Amsel's criteria, b-haemolysis and oxidase and catalase tests. A polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the bacterial identity and detect the VLY gene. Anti-microbial susceptibility patterns were determined for metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, sulphonamides, chloramphenicol and ampicillin. Results: Out of 250 swabs examined, 72 (28.8%) were positive for G. vaginalis, with 59 from BV patients and 13 from non-BV patients. The VLY gene was detected in 33.3% of G. vaginalis isolates from non-BV patients and in 66.6% of those from BV symptomatic patients. Metronidazole and chloramphenicol showed a high sensitivity of 66.6%. Conclusion: The study concludes that regional drug susceptibility studies should be conducted to reduce the phenomenon of bacterial resistance. Further prospective research is needed to understand the function of G. vaginalis in the pathogenesis of BV.
孕妇阴道加德纳菌分离株抗微生物药物耐药性模式及阴道溶素基因的存在
背景:细菌性阴道病(BV)是一种常见的阴道感染,阴道加德纳菌是主要的微生物负责。细菌性阴道炎引起阴道分泌物和刺激,并与不良妊娠结局有关。阴道菌产生一种成孔蛋白毒素,阴道溶血素(VLY),它对毒力至关重要,并在细菌性阴道炎的发病机制中发挥作用。目的:本研究旨在调查孕妇阴道梭菌VLY基因的流行情况,并确定其抗生素敏感性模式。材料与方法:收集250例孕妇阴道分泌物,分离阴道支原体。通过Amsel标准、b溶血、氧化酶和过氧化氢酶试验对分离株进行推定鉴定。采用聚合酶链反应确定细菌身份并检测VLY基因。测定了甲硝唑、呋喃妥英、磺胺类药物、氯霉素和氨苄西林的药敏。结果:250份拭子中有72份(28.8%)阴道梭菌阳性,其中59份来自细菌性阴道炎患者,13份来自非细菌性阴道炎患者。非细菌性阴道炎患者和有细菌性阴道炎症状患者分离株中检出VLY基因的比例分别为33.3%和66.6%。甲硝唑和氯霉素的敏感性为66.6%。结论:为减少细菌耐药现象,应开展区域药敏研究。阴道弧菌在细菌性阴道炎发病中的作用有待进一步的前瞻性研究。
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