{"title":"Neuronal Network Models for Sensory Discrimination.","authors":"Mohammad Samavat, Dori Luli, Sharon Crook","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2016.7869533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSSC.2016.7869533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous modeling studies have demonstrated that lateral inhibition contributes to enhanced precision in sensory networks. That is, inhibitory connections reduce the spread of activity and repress neighboring cells, increasing the reliability of a sensory response. However, much less is understood about how connections that spread activity might contribute to the processing of sensory stimuli in the context of a sensory discrimination task. In this work, we examine the role of excitatory connections and gap junctions in network dynamics and some contributions to sensory discrimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":"2016 ","pages":"1066-1073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACSSC.2016.7869533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36203722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Wang, Shaobo Fang, Chang Liu, Fengqing Zhu, Deborah A Kerr, Carol J Boushey, Edward J Delp
{"title":"FOOD IMAGE ANALYSIS: THE BIG DATA PROBLEM YOU CAN EAT!","authors":"Yu Wang, Shaobo Fang, Chang Liu, Fengqing Zhu, Deborah A Kerr, Carol J Boushey, Edward J Delp","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2016.7869576","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ACSSC.2016.7869576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Six of the ten leading causes of death in the United States can be directly linked to diet. Measuring accurate dietary intake, the process of determining what someone eats is considered to be an open research problem in the nutrition and health fields. We are developing image-based tools in order to automatically obtain accurate estimates of what foods a user consumes. We have developed a novel food record application using the embedded camera in a mobile device. This paper describes the current status of food image analysis and overviews problems that still need to be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":"2016 ","pages":"1263-1267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6226031/pdf/nihms-995026.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36654745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On The Block-Sparse Solution of Single Measurement Vectors.","authors":"Mohammad Shekaramiz, Todd K Moon, Jacob H Gunther","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2015.7421180","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ACSSC.2015.7421180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finding the solution of single measurement vector (SMV) problem with an unknown block-sparsity structure is considered. Here, we propose a sparse Bayesian learning (SBL) algorithm simplified via the approximate message passing (AMP) framework. In order to encourage the block-sparsity structure, we incorporate a parameter called Sigma-Delta as a measure of clumpiness in the supports of the solution. Using the AMP framework reduces the computational load of the proposed SBL algorithm and as a result makes it faster. Furthermore, in terms of the mean-squared error between the true and the reconstructed solution, the algorithm demonstrates an encouraging improvement compared to the other algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":"2015 ","pages":"508-512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5667950/pdf/nihms913821.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35573662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hierarchical Bayesian Approach For Jointly-Sparse Solution Of Multiple-Measurement Vectors.","authors":"Mohammad Shekaramiz, Todd K Moon, Jacob H Gunther","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2014.7094813","DOIUrl":"10.1109/ACSSC.2014.7094813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is well-known that many signals of interest can be well-estimated via just a small number of supports under some specific basis. Here, we consider finding sparse solution for Multiple Measurement Vectors (MMVs) in case of having both jointly sparse and clumpy structure. Most of the previous work for finding such sparse representations are based on greedy and sub-optimal algorithms such as Basis Pursuit (BP), Matching Pursuit (MP), and Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP). In this paper, we first propose a hierarchical Bayesian model to deal with MMVs that have jointly-sparse structure in their solutions. Then, the model is modified to account for clumps of the neighbor supports (block sparsity) in the solution structure, as well. Several examples are considered to illustrate the merit of the proposed hierarchical Bayesian model compared to OMP and a modified version of the OMP algorithm.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":"2014 ","pages":"1962-1966"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5667949/pdf/nihms913824.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35573661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Piecewise Linear Slope Estimation.","authors":"A N Ingle, W A Sethares, T Varghese, J A Bucklew","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2014.7094476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSSC.2014.7094476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a method for directly estimating slope values in a noisy piecewise linear function. By imposing a Markov structure on the sequence of slopes, piecewise linear fitting is posed as a maximum <i>a posteriori</i> estimation problem. A dynamic program efficiently solves this by traversing a linearly growing trellis. The alternating maximization algorithm (a kind of pseudo-EM method) is used to estimate the model parameters from data and its convergence behavior is analyzed. Ultrasound shear wave imaging is presented as a primary application. The algorithm is general enough for applicability in other fields, as suggested by an application to the estimation of shifts in financial interest rate data.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":"2014 ","pages":"420-422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACSSC.2014.7094476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33951000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Measurement Errors in Fluorescence Microscopy Image Registration.","authors":"E A K Cohen, R J Ober","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2012.6489300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSSC.2012.6489300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Image registration is an important processing step in fluorescence microscopy, for example in tracking or super-resolution methods. Precision localization of single fluorescent molecules from a quantum limited photon detection process, subject to Gaussian readout noise, is key to the use of single molecule microscopy. It is therefore important to know the effect that registration has on the accuracy of localizing a single molecule. Here we demonstrate a suitable approach to image registration that accounts for point-wise errors in localizing the control points typically used in fluorescence microscopy. This allows expressions for the localization errors caused by the registration process to be derived, showing dependence on the number of control points and their associated photon counts.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":"2012 ","pages":"1602-1606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACSSC.2012.6489300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33983622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Umut Orhan, Deniz Erdogmus, Kenneth E Hild, Brian Roark, Barry Oken, Melanie Fried-Oken
{"title":"Context Information Significantly Improves Brain Computer Interface Performance - a Case Study on Text Entry Using a Language Model Assisted BCI.","authors":"Umut Orhan, Deniz Erdogmus, Kenneth E Hild, Brian Roark, Barry Oken, Melanie Fried-Oken","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present recent results on the design of the RSVP Keyboard - a brain computer interface (BCI) for expressive language generation for functionally locked-in individuals using rapid serial visual presentation of letters or other symbols such as icons. The proposed BCI design tightly incorporates probabilistic contextual information obtained from a language model into the single or multi-trial event related potential (ERP) decision mechanism. This tight fusion of contextual information with instantaneous and independent brain activity is demonstrated to potentially improve accuracy in a dramatic manner. Specifically, a simple regularized discriminant single-trial ERP classifier's performance can be increased from a naive baseline of 75% to 98% in a 28-symbol alphabet operating at 5% false ERP detection rate. We also demonstrate results which show that trained healthy subjects can achieve real-time typing accuracies over 90% mostly relying on single-trial ERP evidence when supplemented with a rudimentary n-gram language model. Further discussion and preliminary results include our initial efforts involving a locked-in individual and our efforts to train him to improve his skill in performing the task.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":"45 ","pages":"132-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4072332/pdf/nihms-494005.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32466618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface-Constrained 3D Reconstruction in Cryo-EM.","authors":"Andrew C Barthel, Hemant Tagare, Fred J Sigworth","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2011.6190167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSSC.2011.6190167","url":null,"abstract":"Random spherically-constrained (RSC) reconstruction is a new form of single particle reconstruction (SPR) using cryo-EM images of membrane proteins embedded in spherical lipid vesicles to generate a 3D protein structure. The method has many advantages over conventional SPR, including a more native environment for protein particles and an initial estimate of the particle's angular orientation. These advances allow us to determine structures of membrane proteins such as ion channels and derive more reliable structure estimates. We present an algorithm that relates conventional SPR to the RSC model, and generally, to projection images of particles embedded with an axis parallel to the local normal of a general 2D manifold. We illustrate the performance of this algorithm in the spherical system using synthetic data.","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":" ","pages":"1026-1030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACSSC.2011.6190167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32073704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neda Sadeghi, Marcel Prastawa, John H Gilmore, Weili Lin, Guido Gerig
{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Early Brain Development.","authors":"Neda Sadeghi, Marcel Prastawa, John H Gilmore, Weili Lin, Guido Gerig","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2010.5757670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSSC.2010.5757670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Analysis of human brain development is a crucial step for improved understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders. We focus on normal brain development as is observed in the multimodal longitudinal MRI/DTI data of neonates to two years of age. We present a spatio-temporal analysis framework using Gompertz function as a population growth model with three different spatial localization strategies: voxel-based, data driven clustering and atlas driven regional analysis. Growth models from multimodal imaging channels collected at each voxel form feature vectors which are clustered using the Dirichlet Process Mixture Models (DPMM). Clustering thus combines growth information from different modalities to subdivide the image into voxel groups with similar properties. The processing generates spatial maps that highlight the dynamic progression of white matter development. These maps show progression of white matter maturation where primarily, central regions mature earlier compared to the periphery, but where more subtle regional differences in growth can be observed. Atlas based analysis allows a quantitative analysis of a specific anatomical region, whereas data driven clustering identifies regions of similar growth patterns. The combination of these two allows us to investigate growth patterns within an anatomical region. Specifically, analysis of anterior and posterior limb of internal capsule show that there are different growth trajectories within these anatomies, and that it may be useful to divide certain anatomies into subregions with distinctive growth patterns.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":"2010 ","pages":"777-781"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACSSC.2010.5757670","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32758278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FISHER INFORMATION FOR EMCCD IMAGING WITH APPLICATION TO SINGLE MOLECULE MICROSCOPY.","authors":"Jerry Chao, E Sally Ward, Raimund J Ober","doi":"10.1109/ACSSC.2010.5757570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACSSC.2010.5757570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Owing to its high quantum efficiency, the charge-coupled device (CCD) is an important imaging tool employed in biological applications such as single molecule microscopy. Under extremely low light conditions, however, a CCD is generally unsuitable because its readout noise can easily overwhelm the weak signal. Instead, an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD), which stochastically amplifies the acquired signal to drown out the readout noise, can be used. We have previously proposed a framework for calculating the Fisher information, and hence the Cramer-Rao lower bound, for estimating parameters (e.g., single molecule location) from the images produced by an optical microscope. Here, we develop the theory that is needed for deriving, within this framework, performance measures pertaining to the estimation of parameters from an EMCCD image. Our results allow the comparison of a CCD and an EMCCD in terms of the best accuracy with which parameters can be estimated from their acquired images.</p>","PeriodicalId":72692,"journal":{"name":"Conference record. Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers","volume":" ","pages":"1085-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/ACSSC.2010.5757570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30720811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}