Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on the Contrast Sensitivity Score, Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and β-Secretase Activity in the Blood and the Correlation Among these Factors in Diabetic Retinopathy Patients; Clinical Trial.","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Sharif, Fatemeh Javadian Sarraf, Ehsan Sharifipour, Masumeh Zamanlu, Parsa Gholipour, Alireza Soltanian, Siamak Shahidi, Abdolrahman Sarihi","doi":"10.34172/apb.46420","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.46420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the most common complication of diabetes and is recognized as the leading cause of visual impairment. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a nonenzymatic antioxidant that restores other antioxidants, and its benefits in reducing inflammation in various disorders have been demonstrated. In this context, the primary aim of this survey was to evaluate the beneficial effects of CoQ10 on oxidative status, pro-inflammatory cytokines, β-secretase (BACE1) activity, and contrast sensitivity (CS) score in DR patients, and more importantly, the correlation of BACE1 with oxidative status and inflammatory parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>74 DR patients (38 females and 36 males) were divided into two groups as placebo and CoQ10. The treatment process took 12 weeks. One group received 200mg cellulose acetate as a placebo, and the other group received 200 mg CoQ10. Before and after finishing the treatment process, 10ml of venous blood samples were taken from all participants to measure changes in CoQ10, Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC), Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Glutathione (GSH), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Catalase activity (CAT), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and BACE1 activity in the serum. Moreover, the CS scores were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>all the measured oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters, BACE1 activity, and also CS score were attenuated after treatment with CoQ10 in the DR patients (<i>P</i><0.05). Moreover, after evaluating the correlation between BACE1 activity with oxidative stress and inflammatory paradigms, it was shown that there were significant correlations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CoQ10 supplementation increases CS score in DR patients, which can be due to a decrease in BACE1 activity. Furthermore, the reduction in BACE1 activity in DR patients was partly related to the enhancement of the antioxidant defense system and a reduction in inflammation, as there was a high correlation between BACE1 activity and these parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"189-205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity as a Key Challenge in Tissue Engineering: Toward Clinical Translation.","authors":"Arash Abdolmaleki, Sina Jafari Dargahlou, Hussein A Ghanimi","doi":"10.34172/apb.46533","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.46533","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden Hazards: Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels Associated with Biochemical and Hematological Markers.","authors":"Mina Islambulchilar, Ali Shayanfar, Meisam Bagheri, Omid Mehri","doi":"10.34172/apb.025.46563","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.025.46563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Workers occupationally exposed to fuel vapors are at risk of contamination by heavy metals such as lead and cadmium. This study aimed to quantify blood levels of lead and cadmium and evaluate associated biochemical, hormonal, and oxidative stress alterations among fuel station workers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study recruited 66 healthy males, comprising 33 workers with at least 2 years of direct fuel exposure and 33 non-exposed controls. Blood lead and cadmium were quantified using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS). Biochemical markers, reproductive hormones, and oxidative stress indicators were analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using independent t-tests to identify significant differences between groups, and Pearson's correlation test to assess associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean blood lead (43.4±5.4 µg/dL vs. 23.6±1.6 µg/dL; <i>P</i><0.05) and cadmium levels (10.1±1.2 µg/dL vs. 5.5±0.4 µg/L; <i>P</i><0.05) were significantly higher in exposed workers. Biochemical markers were elevated including ALT (38.76±3.3 U/L vs. 24.39±3.6 U/L; <i>P</i><0.05), AST (29.91±3.4 U/L vs. 16.55±4.0 U/L; <i>P</i><0.05), ALP (82.82±12.4 U/L vs. 42.67±9.5 U/L; <i>P</i><0.05), BUN (19.52±3.1 v mg/dL s. 9.82±2.0 mg/dL), and Creatinine (1.13±0.1 mg/dL vs. 0.72±0.1 mg/dL; <i>P</i><0.05) in exposed group. Oxidative stress was evident with higher MDA (2.86±0.6 nmol/mL vs. 0.84±0.2 nmol/mL; <i>P</i><0.05) and lower SOD and GSH (<i>P</i><0.05). Testosterone decreased (3.77±0.9 ng/mL vs. 4.98±0.9 ng/mL; <i>P</i><0.05) while FSH increased (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Occupational exposure to lead and cadmium suggests adverse hepatic, renal, hormonal, and oxidative stress changes among fuel station workers. Regular monitoring of biochemical and hormonal markers is strongly recommended, along with preventive exposure-control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Studies Using Intranasal Therapies for Parkinson's Disease: A Review.","authors":"Ramin Vahidi, Mahsa Bukanian, Maryam Kachooeian","doi":"10.34172/apb.025.46111","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.025.46111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intranasal delivery is a method of administering medications through the nasal cavity. It offers several advantages, such as rapid absorption, bypassing first-pass metabolism, direct nose-to-brain transport and localized effects. These benefits make it a promising approach for drug delivery in Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurological disorder characterized by the degeneration of nerve cells in the brain. This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of intranasal delivery for Parkinson's disease treatment. Several studies on intranasal apomorphine reported rapid clinical response, improved UPDRS motor scores, tapping scores, and median Webster's scores, suggesting its effectiveness as a rescue therapy during \"off\" states. Intranasal recombinant erythropoietin was well tolerated and showed cognitive benefits. intranasal glutathione was safe and showed better bioavailability. Intranasal insulin improved cognitive performance without hypoglycemia, indicating a localized effect. Intranasal cholecystokinin and ipratropium bromide did not show significant benefits. Intranasal desmopressin is a safe and effective medication for nocturnal polyuria in Parkinson disease. Intranasal transplantation of neural stem cells is safe and is associated with functional improvement. Finally, Rivastigmine nasal spray offered better bioavailability and fewer side effects compared with conventional forms. The most common adverse effect was mild transient nasal or throat irritation. This review highlights the potential applications, efficacy, and side effects of various intranasal medications for Parkinson's disease and proposes using new interventions for future studies. The general benefits of nasal administration for Parkinson's disease treatment include localized effects, fewer side effects, faster onset of action, improved bioavailability, and enhanced therapeutic effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"18-27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Expression of a Llama-Based Anti-PSMA Nanobody in <i>Escherichia Coli</i> and Its Application in Immunohistochemistry of Prostate Cancer Tissues.","authors":"Seyedeh Sheila Seyed-Motahari, Shahriyar Abdoli, Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar, Shiva Irani, Zahra Sharifzadeh","doi":"10.34172/apb.025.45447","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.025.45447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Nanobodies possess unique properties that make them promising as tumor targeting agents. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), overexpressed in prostate cancer, can be an excellent target for prostate cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to express and purify an anti-PSMA nanobody (PSMA-Nb) and assess its potential for detecting PSMA antigen in prostate cancer through immunohistochemistry (IHC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PSMA-Nb gene was subcloned into pET-28a and expressed in <i>E. coli</i> Rosetta (DE3) and Rosetta-gami2 under varying IPTG/temperature/time conditions (0.5/1.0/1.5 mM; 16/30/37 °C; 4/16 h). The soluble and inclusion-body fractions were analyzed, and PSMA-Nb was purified via native Ni-NTA, confirmed by SDS-PAGE and anti-c-Myc Western blot. Binding was validated by ELISA against recombinant PSMA and by flow cytometry on LNCaP (PSMA+) and DU145 (PSMA-). For tissue studies, FFPE IHC quantified staining as fractional fluorescent area per mm².</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PSMA-Nb (~27 kDa) was enriched in <i>E. coli</i> inclusion bodies. A factorial screen identified Rosetta (DE3) with 1 mM IPTG at 37 °C for 16 h as the highest-expressing condition; resulting in a yield of approximately 84 mg/L. ELISA showed dose-dependent binding to recombinant PSMA, and flow cytometry confirmed antigen selectivity (LNCaP 68.5% vs. DU145 2.35%). IHC showed higher PSMA levels in tumor vs. normal tissue with both reagents (PSMA-Nb: 21.61±2.89 vs. 5.82±1.80; commercial antibody: 20.55±3.80 vs. 5.50±2.14; <i>P</i><0.0001), with no difference between reagents (<i>P</i>=0.9624), supporting analytical validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The superior features of nanobodies support antibody-based diagnostics in solid tumors. Purified PSMA-Nb detected PSMA on cancer cells and FFPE tissues, indicating a promising tool for prostate cancer diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"62-73"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The RNA-Binding Proteins Promote Resistance of Microglial Cells to Hypoxia.","authors":"Mohammad Khosravi, Zohreh Ghotbeddin, Sorour Chinipardaz","doi":"10.34172/apb.025.46054","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.025.46054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Microglial cells play a crucial role in responding to brain hypoxia. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) on the resistance of microglial cells to hypoxia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Newborn rats were subjected to hypoxia under four conditions: hypoxia (H), one week after hypoxia induction (H1), control (C), and control one week after hypoxia induction (C1). Microglial cells were isolated and cultured, and exosomes were extracted from brain samples of healthy newborn rats of C1 group. RBPs were extracted from the aforementioned groups and transferred into the microglial cells using exosomes from the C1 group. Cell viability, expression of specific RBP genes, and innate immune factors were evaluated in the studied groups. Additionally, exosomes containing RBPs were injected into the hypoxic rats to investigate behavioral changes in-vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment of microglial cells with C1 exosomes elevated the viability rate. The RBP-H proteins significantly elevated the expression of the CPE, HIF-1α, PDI, and VEGF-A genes. Improvements in anti-protease activity, along with decreases in lysozyme and myeloperoxidase activity, were observed in hypoxic microglial cells following treatment with RBP-H and exosomes containing RBP-H. In vivo evaluations revealed that the hypoxic group treated with exosome loading with RBP-H exhibited significant improvements in recognition and balance maintenance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The RBPs may be considered a promising option for further studies in the treatment of brain disorders resulting from hypoxia.</p>","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"91-109"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacological Therapies for Bowel Dysfunction After Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Alimohammad Bananzadeh, Seyed Matin Emami, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Tadayon, Neda Najib Pour, Sara Shojaei-Zarghani, Seyed Vahid Hosseini","doi":"10.34172/apb.025.45993","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.025.45993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bowel dysfunction frequently occurs in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients following sphincter-preserving surgeries. This review systematically evaluated the evidence on pharmacological therapies for this complication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus in November 2024. Experimental or quasi-experimental studies examining the effects of conventional pharmacological therapies and herbal medicine on stable CRC patients with post-surgical bowel dysfunction were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 8,989 retrieved records, eight studies were eligible. These investigated the effects of serotonin type 3 receptor antagonists (n=3), herbal medicines (n=2, specifically Daikenchuto and modified Baizhu Shaoyao San), diazepam (n=1), Botulinum A toxin injection (n=1), and topical phenylephrine (n=1). Except for phenylephrine, interventions showed varying improvements in stool frequency, incontinence, urgency, or quality of life. Most of the included studies exhibited a high risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Some interventions appear promising; however, the current evidence is insufficient to guide clinical practice. This review highlights a significant evidence gap and underscores the urgent need for large-scale, rigorous randomized controlled trials to establish definitive therapeutic strategies for this debilitating condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"8-17"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin as a Candidate Adjunct for Calcineurin Inhibitor-Induced Adverse Effects in Transplant Patients.","authors":"Zahra Nazari Taloki","doi":"10.34172/apb.025.46462","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.025.46462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148597685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Circular RNAs (circRNAs) in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Emerging Diagnostic Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets.","authors":"Nalira Yaugoob, Kannan Subbaram, Razana Faiz, Sheeza Ali, Queen Alice Arul","doi":"10.34172/apb.025.46424","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.025.46424","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148597701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psoralen and Seselin Stabilize the α-helix Structure in Lysozyme and Inhibit the α-helix to β-sheet Exchange: An Efficient Anti-Amyloidogenic Mechanism.","authors":"Parisa Panah-Amand, Leila Sadeghi, Arezu Marefat, Gholamreza Dehghan","doi":"10.34172/apb.025.40838","DOIUrl":"10.34172/apb.025.40838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>More than thirty human proteins have natural propensity to misfold and amyloid fibril formation that are important in the initiation and development of neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, preventing or reversing amyloid aggregation by using drugs or plant-based small molecules such as coumarin compounds could be useful. This study aimed to investigate the anti-amyloidogenic potential of psoralen and seselin, two types of coumarin compounds, on hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) as a model system.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>ThioflavinT (ThT), Congo red and ANS fluorescence, electron microscopy and circular dichroism were used to fibrillogenesis assay and structural analysis in the presence and absence of the compounds. Interaction of HEWL and coumarins evaluated by using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and molecular docking and simulation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated the ThT and ANS fluorescence intensities decreased in the presence of psoralen and seselin in a dose-dependent dependent manner, suggesting a strong inhibitory effect of compounds on HEWL fibril formation. The results confirmed coumarins could destabilize the pre-formed fibrils. Furthermore, Fluorescence analysis confirmed that coumarin interaction induces conformational changes in HEWL, evidenced by formation of non-fluorescent complexes and altered microenvironments around Tyr and Trp residues. CD spectrum revealed that coumarins can inhibit the α-helix to β-sheet exchange. SPR results showed psoralen could bind to HEWL more tightly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In agreement with experimental results, the molecular docking studies confirmed the conformational changes of HEWL upon interaction with psoralen and seselin. This study adds to the body of knowledge about rational drug design against the amyloidogenesis process.</p>","PeriodicalId":7256,"journal":{"name":"Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin","volume":"16 1","pages":"119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148597693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}