Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior最新文献

{"title":"Effect of randomised blood pressure lowering treatment and intensive glucose control on dementia and cognitive decline according to baseline cognitive function and other subpopulations of individuals with type 2 diabetes: Results from the ADVANCE trial","authors":"Katie Harris ,&nbsp;Jessica Gong ,&nbsp;Stephen MacMahon ,&nbsp;Ying Xu ,&nbsp;Sultana Shajahan ,&nbsp;Stephen Harrap ,&nbsp;Neil Poulter ,&nbsp;Michel Marre ,&nbsp;Pavel Hamet ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Mancia ,&nbsp;Craig Anderson ,&nbsp;Mark Woodward ,&nbsp;John Chalmers","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2024.100372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2024.100372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Accumulating evidence indicates that reducing high blood pressure (BP) prevents dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Furthermore, although diabetes is a risk factor for dementia and MCI, there is uncertainty of the effect of intensive glucose control on these endpoints. This study aimed to determine the effects of BP-lowering (vs placebo) and intensive glucose-lowering (vs standard control) treatments according to baseline cognition and other characteristics on dementia and cognitive decline (CD) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial involved 11,140 individuals with T2DM. The effects of BP-lowering and intensive glucose-lowering treatments were explored in subgroups of baseline Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), categorised as cognitively normal (scores ≥28) and cognitive impairment (scores &lt;28). The primary outcome was a composite of dementia/CD that accounted for the competing risk of death. Multinomial regression models, adjusted for common cardiovascular risk factors, were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of the effects of the treatments on dementia/CD. Homogeneity of effects by subgroups were evaluated using interaction terms in the models. A two-sided p value &lt;0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>BP-lowering treatment (vs. placebo) was associated with a lower odds of dementia/CD in participants with cognitive impairment (OR 0.76, 95 % CI (0.59–0.99)) but not in those cognitively normal (OR 1.05, 95 % CI (0.92–1.21); p for interaction 0.03). Those with a history of cardio-renal-metabolic syndrome did not experience a benefit of active BP lowering treatment compared with placebo on dementia/CD. There were no further subgroup effects of BP-lowering treatment. The effect of intensive glucose lowering (vs standard control) on the odds of dementia/CD did not vary by baseline cognition subgroup. However, it did vary by level of blood glucose at baseline (&lt;7.9 mmol/L OR 1.12, 95 % CI (0.96–1.30) vs ≥ 7.9 mmol/L 0.87 (0.75–1.00); p for interaction 0.02) and duration of T2DM (&lt;10 years OR 0.92 (0.81–1.05) vs ≥10 years 1.16 (0.97–1.38); p for interaction 0.04).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study suggests greater effects of BP-lowering treatment in those with early loss of cognitive function than in those cognitively normal. There were also differential effects of intensive glucose-lowering on dementia and CD according to levels of blood glucose and duration of diabetes in people with T2DM.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>ADVANCE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: number NCT00145925</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11699603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages and challenges of using arterial spin labelling MRI to monitor cerebral blood flow in multi-centre clinical trials of neurodegenerative disease: Experience from the RADAR study","authors":"Lina Jarutyte ,&nbsp;Jan Petr ,&nbsp;Nicholas Turner ,&nbsp;Patrick G. Kehoe ,&nbsp;Henk-Jan Mutsaerts ,&nbsp;David L. Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2024.100376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2024.100376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arterial spin labelling (ASL) enables non-invasive quantification of regional brain perfusion using MRI. ASL was used in the Reducing Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease through Angiotensin TaRgeting (RADAR) multi-centre trial to pilot the assessment of the effects of the anti-hypertension drug losartan on cerebral blood flow (CBF). In the multi-centre setting, disparities in ASL implementation on scanners from different manufacturers lead to inherent differences in measured CBF and its associated parameters (e.g. spatial coefficient of variation (sCoV) of CBF, a proxy of arterial arrival times). In addition, differences in ASL acquisition parameter settings can also affect the measured quantitative perfusion values. In this study, we used data from the RADAR cohort as a case study to evaluate the site-dependent systematic differences of CBF and sCoV, and show that variations in the readout module (2D or 3D) and the post-labelling delay acquisition parameter introduced artifactual group differences. When accounting for this effect in data analysis, we show that it is still possible to combine ASL data across sites to observe the expected relationships between grey matter CBF and cognitive scores. In summary, ASL can provide useful information relating to CBF difference in multi-centre therapeutic trials, but care must be taken in data analysis to account for the inevitable inter-site differences in scanner type and acquisition protocol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages and challenges of using arterial spin labelling MRI to monitor cerebral blood flow in multi-centre clinical trials of neurodegenerative disease: Comment","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong ,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100382","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143696007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of carotid artery stenosis on cortical microinfarcts, white matter integrity, and brain volume: An interhemispheric comparison within the population-based Rotterdam Study","authors":"Frank J. Wolters ,&nbsp;Meike W. Vernooij ,&nbsp;Gennady V. Roshchupkin ,&nbsp;M․Arfan Ikram ,&nbsp;Maryam Kavousi ,&nbsp;Peter J. Koudstaal ,&nbsp;Aad van der Lugt ,&nbsp;Daniel Bos","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Carotid artery stenosis could contribute to gradual loss of brain function through chronic hypoxia and ischemia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included consecutive participants of the population-based Rotterdam Study with unilateral ≥50 % stenosis at the carotid artery bifurcation on time-of-flight carotid MR angiography, and compared between hemispheres the presence of ischemic lesions, tissue volumes, and white matter integrity on structural brain MRI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 50 participants (mean age 76 years, 50 % women), flow was lower in the affected carotid artery than on the unaffected side (160mL/min versus 202mL/min; flow reduction [95 %CI] per 1 % increase in stenosis: 1.7 mL/min [1.0–2.5]). Twelve individuals had radiographic evidence of cortical infarction, of whom 8 had cortical microinfarcts, all on the side of the stenosis (<em>P</em> = 0.001). Downstream of the stenotic artery, parenchymal volume was lower than in the contralateral hemisphere (mean difference: -2.7 mL [-4.9;-0.4]), similar for grey and white matter. Differences were most profound in the frontoparietal lobes, and increased with severity of stenosis to roughly 5 mL in individuals with ≥70 % stenosis. White matter hyperintensity volume and microstructural integrity did not differ between hemispheres.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Carotid artery stenosis is associated with downstream presence of cortical microinfarcts as well as lower parenchymal tissue volume.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disentangling the contributions of cerebrovascular-related white matter integrity markers to cognitive aging","authors":"Elmira Agah ,&nbsp;Sarah T. Farias ,&nbsp;David K. Johnson ,&nbsp;Charles DeCarli ,&nbsp;Pauline Maillard","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the independent and joint associations of five markers of white matter integrity, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH), extracellular free water (FW), fractional anisotropy (FA), peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD), and Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space index (ALPS) on cognitive performance and its trajectory in cognitively diverse individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>574 participants from the University of California, Davis Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (UCD ADRC) longitudinal cohort, aged 77 ± 7 years received yearly comprehensive clinical evaluations and a baseline MRI exam. Baseline MRI measures, including WMH, FW, FA, PSMD, and ALPS, were computed for each individual and used as independent variables to explain baseline and change in episodic memory (EM) and executive function (EF) using linear regression with stepwise adjustment. Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) was then applied to derive robust estimates of each marker’s contribution to cognition and its longitudinal trajectory, accounting for their joint inclusion in the same model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analyses showed that higher baseline WMH, FW, and PSMD, as well as lower FA and ALPS, were significantly associated with poorer cognitive performance (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). These associations remained robust after adjusting for relevant covariates—including age, sex, education, hypertension, diabetes, and hippocampal volume—except for FA and ALPS, which were no longer associated with EM (p &gt; 0.05). Higher baseline WMH, FW, and PSMD, and lower FA, were also significantly associated with annual decline in EF and EM, whereas ALPS showed no association with cognitive change (p &gt; 0.05). After covariate adjustment, these associations remained significant, except for PSMD and FA which were no longer significantly associated with EM trajectory. Joint modeling using BMA identified FW and WMH as the most likely contributors to both baseline performance and change in EF and EM, with posterior inclusion probabilities exceeding 50 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identified both cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between five markers of white matter integrity and cognitive performance and decline. Using BMA—a method designed to disentangle the specific contribution of each marker while accounting for multicollinearity—we found that, among the five markers, FW and WMH emerged as the most probable candidates to explain the course of cognitive decline in EM and EF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145104767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the origin of cerebral small vessel disease: MRI markers of cSVD in young adults with hypertension","authors":"M.H. Snijders ,&nbsp;E. Janssen ,&nbsp;E. Verburgt ,&nbsp;A. ter Telgte ,&nbsp;T.N.A. van den Berg ,&nbsp;M.C. Maas ,&nbsp;F.J.A. Meijer ,&nbsp;A.M. Tuladhar ,&nbsp;N.P. Riksen ,&nbsp;J. Deinum ,&nbsp;F.E. de Leeuw","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) contributes to stroke and cognitive decline, with MRI markers of cSVD increasing with age. Hypertension is an important risk factor for cSVD in older adults but its impact in younger individuals remains less clear. This study investigates whether MRI markers of cSVD are more prevalent in young hypertensive individuals compared to normotensive controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, 60 patients with hypertension and 21 controls aged 18–55 years underwent 3T MRI to assess cSVD markers: white matter hyperintensities (WMH), lacunes, and microbleeds. Group differences were assessed using <em>t</em>-tests, chi-square tests, or non-parametric methods. We examined associations between blood pressure and cSVD markers using multivariable regression models, including linear, logistic, ordinal logistic, and penalized logistic regression, adjusting for potential confounders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with hypertension were older (median (IQR) 35.6 (29.6–41.4) years vs 29.2 (27.8–33.2) years), had a higher BMI, and lower education levels while proportion of females was similar. Deep WMH burden was significantly higher in hypertensive participants (median Fazekas score: 1 [IQR: 0–1] vs 0 [IQR: 0–0]; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Hypertension increased odds of deep WMH (OR 5.49, <em>p</em> = 0.011). Lacunes and microbleeds were rare and observed only in hypertensive participants. Duration since hypertension diagnosis was not significantly associated with WMH volume (β=7.27, <em>p</em> = 0.111) after adjusting for age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>WMH are more prevalent in young adults with hypertension, suggesting early microvascular brain changes. These findings underscore the importance of early detection and treatment of hypertension to potentially prevent long-term cerebrovascular changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral small vessel disease lesion segmentation methods: A systematic review","authors":"Jolene Phelps ,&nbsp;Manpreet Singh ,&nbsp;Cheryl R. McCreary ,&nbsp;Caroline Dallaire-Théroux ,&nbsp;Ryan G. Stein ,&nbsp;Zacharie Potvin-Jutras ,&nbsp;Dylan X. Guan ,&nbsp;Jeng-liang D. Wu ,&nbsp;Amelie Metz ,&nbsp;Eric E. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) can manifest as brain lesions visible on magnetic resonance imaging, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH), cerebral microbleeds (CMB), perivascular spaces (PVS), lacunes, and recent small subcortical infarcts (RSSI). Detection and segmentation of these imaging markers can provide valuable information on brain health, including prevention and treatment of dementia. However, manual segmentation is cumbersome, especially for large cohorts in research studies. There has been extensive research into the development of automated tools using machine learning to increase accuracy and efficiency in lesion segmentation. This systematic review aimed to summarize novel automated methods developed over the last 10 years that segment CSVD lesion types and have been validated on a population with or at risk for CSVD (<em>e.g.,</em> older adults, those with cognitive disorders, or those with vascular risk factors). A search on Web of Science and PubMed yielded 2764 studies, of which 89 were included after screening and full text review. 59 of these methods segmented WMH, 23 detected or classified CMB, 6 detected or segmented PVS, 5 detected, classified, or segmented lacunes, and 2 segmented RSSI. Of these, 30 studies (23 for WMH, 5 for CMB, 1 for PVS, and 1 for lacunes) included links to download code or pre-trained models, including one commercial tool, and one that relied on a commercial tool for input. Overall, this review found good evidence for high quality tools available for WMH segmentation, with fewer tools available to accurately segment other CSVD lesion types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical and clinical validation of a novel deep learning-based white matter hyperintensity segmentation tool","authors":"Benno Gesierich ,&nbsp;Lukas Pirpamer ,&nbsp;Dominik S Meier ,&nbsp;Michael Amann ,&nbsp;Minne N Cerfontaine ,&nbsp;Frank-Erik de Leeuw ,&nbsp;Pauline Maillard ,&nbsp;Sue Moy ,&nbsp;Karl G. Helmer ,&nbsp;Michael Kühne ,&nbsp;Leo H Bonati ,&nbsp;Julie W Rutten ,&nbsp;Saskia A.J. Lesnik Oberstein ,&nbsp;Marco Duering ,&nbsp;Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on MRI are a hallmark of cerebral small vessel disease. Although numerous WMH segmentation tools exist, each presents relevant limitations that can impact their usability. This research aimed to develop, validate, and disseminate a novel WMH segmentation algorithm to address these limitations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using an intentionally heterogeneous dataset, we trained models based on the MD-GRU and nnU-Net deep learning algorithms. The new models were benchmarked in both technical and clinical validation against current state-of-the-art algorithms, utilizing datasets that were not included in the training data. For technical validation in patients, we assessed bias and precision against reference masks, scan-rescan repeatability and inter-scanner reproducibility in data from the MarkVCID consortium. Segmentation performance on 2D data was evaluated using the SWISS-AF dataset. For clinical validation, we determined percent volume change over a two-year follow-up in the DiViNAS study and calculated statistical power to detect treatment effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The newly trained algorithms outperformed the benchmarking algorithms, demonstrating better agreement with reference volumes, as well as less bias and higher precision in the repeatability and reproducibility experiments. The nnU-Net algorithm exhibited the highest statistical power for detecting treatment effects, requiring a 41 % smaller sample size than the best-performing benchmarking algorithm.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We developed and systematically validated two novel WMH segmentation algorithms, which demonstrated excellent generalization capabilities. The comprehensive, user-friendly processing pipelines are publicly available as prebuilt software containers and can be applied to a wide range of datasets without re-training or modifications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The health and economic burden of brain disorders: Consequences for investment in diagnosis, treatment, prevention and R&D","authors":"Yunfei Li,&nbsp;Linus Jönsson","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brain disorders are prevalent across all age groups but particularly in the elderly, highlighting the importance of preserving brain health in ageing populations. There have been few previous studies to address the complete scope of burden of brain disorders, including direct and indirect costs as well as intangible costs from morbidity and mortality. We seek to illustrate the full health and economic impact of brain disorders by leveraging data from previous large-scale epidemiological and health economic studies to estimate the total direct, indirect and intangible cost of brain disorders in 2019. Two alternative methods were used to estimate indirect costs: the human capital (HC) method (data from the CBDE2010 study), and the willingness-to-pay (WTP) per DALY method (data from GBD2019). Less than 10% of the costs of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias are incurred by the health care system, while Alzheimer's disease and other dementias is the costliest condition using the HC approach and stroke is the costliest condition due to the large number of life-years lost, followed by AD using the WTP approach. Using per-capita GDP as a proxy for WTP, the indirect costs were nearly four times higher compared to the conventional HC approach. We found that Indirect costs of brain disorders outweigh the direct costs for diagnosis, treatment and care even in high-income countries with advanced, universally accessible systems in Europe. There is likely underinvestment in R&amp;D for brain disorders, and health care systems may lack sufficient incentives to invest in their treatment and prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mid-life association between cardiovascular risk factors and cerebral blood flow in a multi-ethnic population","authors":"Esther M.C. Vriend ,&nbsp;Mathijs B.J. Dijsselhof ,&nbsp;Thomas A. Bouwmeester ,&nbsp;Oscar H. Franco ,&nbsp;Henrike Galenkamp ,&nbsp;Didier Collard ,&nbsp;Aart J. Nederveen ,&nbsp;Bert-Jan H. van den Born ,&nbsp;Henk J.M.M. Mutsaerts","doi":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cccb.2025.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiovascular (CV) risk factors are associated with cerebrovascular damage and cognitive decline in late-life. However, it is unknown how different ethnic CV risk profiles relate to cerebral haemodynamics in mid-life. We aimed to investigate associations of CV risk factors with cerebral haemodynamics at two timepoints and examine the impact of ethnicity on these measures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From the HELIUS study (53.0 years, 44.8 % female), participants of Dutch (<em>n</em> = 236), Moroccan (<em>n</em> = 122), or South-Asian Surinamese (<em>n</em> = 173) descent were included. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and its spatial coefficient of variation (sCoV, an ASL-label arrival measure of macrovascular efficiency) were obtained in grey (GM) and white matter (WM). CV risk factors were assessed 8.4 years [7.4–9.5] (first visit) and 2.2 years [1.8–2.6] (second visit) prior to MRI. Associations of CV risk factors, WM hyperintensities (WMH), and carotid plaques with cerebral haemodynamics were investigated using linear regressions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CBF and sCoV differed per ethnicity. Only at the second visit associations were found, without an interaction with ethnicity; history of CV disease with lower GM CBF and higher WM sCoV, higher total cholesterol and lower WMH volume with lower WM CBF, smoking with higher WM sCoV, and higher SBP with lower GM sCoV.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that cerebral haemodynamics differ between ethnic groups in midlife. Although no interaction with ethnicity was found in the associations of CV risk factors, the observed differences in CBF and sCoV highlight the need to further explore how ethnic-specific risk profiles may contribute to cerebrovascular pathology over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72549,"journal":{"name":"Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}