Actas espanolas de psiquiatria最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Hospice Care on Anxiety, Depression, and Pain in Patients With Terminal Colon Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Xiaoyan Wang, Simeng Chen","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Terminal colon adenocarcinoma is a debilitating condition often accompanied by severe pain and substantial anxiety and depression. Hospice care provides a dedicated framework to address this symptom complex, yet robust evidence for its real-world effectiveness within the Chinese healthcare context remains underdeveloped and insufficiently documented. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hospice care on key clinical outcomes in terminal colon adenocarcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort analysis reviewed data from 92 patients with histologically confirmed terminal colon adenocarcinoma (≥stage Ⅲ) treated at The Affiliated Yangming Hospital of Ningbo University between January 2024 and June 2025. The cohort included 46 patients receiving integrated hospice care alongside standard oncology treatment and 46 matched controls receiving standard care only. Comparative analyses of depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression, HADS-D), anxiety (HADS-A), pain (visual analogue scale, VAS), opioid usage, and healthcare utilisation were conducted at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. HADS-D scores decreased more in the hospice care group (from 9.13 ± 3.39 to 5.91 ± 2.72) than in the standard group (from 9.35 ± 3.58 to 8.57 ± 3.04; p < 0.001). HADS-A scores showed a greater reduction in the hospice care group (from 8.63 ± 2.55 to 5.83 ± 2.57) than in the standard group (from 9.13 ± 3.17 to 8.48 ± 2.63; p < 0.001). The hospice care group demonstrated significantly greater reductions in VAS scores (from 6.83 ± 1.19 to 3.17 ± 1.01) compared with the standard group (from 6.74 ± 1.40 to 5.51 ± 1.63; p < 0.001) and a higher proportion achieved ≥30% pain reduction at 6 months(80.43% vs. 39.13%, p < 0.001). Additionally, hospice care was associated with lower opioid consumption, shorter hospital stays, fewer emergency visits, and reduced re-admissions (all p < 0.05), with no increase in adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For patients with terminal colon adenocarcinoma, integrated hospice care was associated with significantly improved pain control and reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms. It was also associated with decreased healthcare utilisation with a favourable safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"409-418"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Relative Fat Mass and Risk of Cognitive Impairment: The Role of Social Determinants of Health.","authors":"Dongxi Wang, Huan Liang, Zhe Gan, Jie Zhang, Junli Wu","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the relationship between relative fat mass (RFM) and the risk of new-onset cognitive impairment and tested the mediating effect of social determinants of health (SDOH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data originated from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Data from 6147 participants without cognitive impairment at baseline were included. RFM was calculated and categorised into quartiles, whereas a cumulative SDOH score was constructed and grouped into tertiles. The association between RFM and new-onset cognitive impairment was assessed by using Kaplan-Meier curves, multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines (with piecewise regression for threshold analysis). Subgroup and joint effect analyses were performed on SDOH and RFM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up of 7.16 years, 1242 incident cases of cognitive impairment occurred. Elevated RFM was a significant risk factor for cognitive impairment (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.024, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.015-1.033, p < 0.001). This correlation was nonlinear, and RFM was estimated to have an inflection point of 26.45. The analysis of interaction effects showed that the risk of cognitive impairment in the population at risk (low SDOH/obesity) was higher by 91% (HR = 1.908, 95% CI: 1.516-2.401, p < 0.001) relative to that in the high SDOH/nonobesity group. Notably, amongst obese individuals, high SDOH/obesity was not associated with a significantly increased risk (HR = 1.047, 95% CI: 0.828-1.325, p = 0.701).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated RFM is significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment. However, this relationship is moderated by socioeconomic context. Low SDOH is a serious aggravating factor for the risk of high RFM, whereas high SDOH may play a massive buffering and protective role. Intervention approaches should be designed by accounting for personal metabolic factors along with the social environment, with particular attention paid to dually disadvantaged groups to avoid cognitive deterioration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"317-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Scale of Externalizing Problem Behaviors in Adults (SEPBA): A Hybrid Dimensional-Categorical Instrument.","authors":"Lidia Torres-Rosado, Oscar M Lozano, Carmen Díaz-Batanero, Raul Barba-Duran, Manuel Sánchez-García","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Scale of Externalizing Problem Behaviors in Adults (SEPBA) was developed as a hybrid psychometric instrument designed to assess both dimensional traits and categorical diagnoses associated with externalizing psychopathology. Based on an integrative operational framework drawing on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model, the SEPBA assesses 15 traits/facets and 6 disorders within the domains of antagonism and disinhibition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study analyzed the psychometric properties of the SEPBA in a combined community and prisoner sample (n = 922). The final version of the SEPBA included 144 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale. Reliability (α, ω), item discrimination, convergent/discriminant validity, confirmatory factor analyses, and gender measurement invariance were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated adequate item discrimination and internal consistency across all scales. Confirmatory factor analyses supported the unidimensionality of the individual scales and the hypothesized hierarchical organization of traits and facets. Gender invariance of the measure was demonstrated. In addition, evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was provided through correlations with external measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings support the SEPBA as a suitable assessment instrument. Its hybrid structure offers an integrative approach to transdiagnostic assessment, enhancing both the clinical utility of categorical diagnoses and the empirical applicability of dimensional profiles for assessing externalizing behaviors in adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"335-347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anxiety and Depression Among Primary Caregivers of Children With Haematological Malignancies: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Jiao Li, Jianghong Wu, Yuhan Huang, Yun Zhuang","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary caregivers of children with hematological malignancies endure immense physical and psychological stress, however their mental health status remains under-recognized in clinical settings. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among these caregivers and to identify their independent associated factors, providing evidence for targeted nursing interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted involving 200 primary caregivers recruited from the Department of Haematology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University. Demographic and clinical data were collected alongside psychological assessments using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Univariate analyses and multivariable logistic regression models were employed to determine the associations between potential predictors and psychological distress outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed a substantial burden of psychological morbidity. Specifically, 52.00% of caregivers exhibited anxiety and 42.50% showed symptoms of depression. Multivariable analysis further identified distinct risk profiles for each condition. Anxiety was independently associated with shorter time since diagnosis (odds ratio (OR) = 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.47-0.92, per 6 months), greater child symptom burden (OR = 1.22, 95%: CI 1.03-1.46, per 10 points increase), and social support (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.32-0.71, per 10 points). Conversely, depression was significantly associated with sociodemographic factors including educational level (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13-0.89, for college degree or above) and single marital status (OR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.35-11.69), in addition to symptom burden (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.25-1.91, per 10 points) and social support (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.19-0.50, per 10 points). Furthermore, sensitivity analyses highlighted that the frequency recent hospitalizations were consistently associated with higher levels of both anxiety and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Caregivers of children with haematological malignancies experience exhibits a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. Anxiety appears to be more closely related to acute clinical stressors and temporal factors, whereas depression is more closely related to persistent social and demographic disadvantages. Effective management of paediatric symptoms and the strengthening of multi-dimensional social support systems are essential. Future interventions should be tailored to the specific risk profiles of caregivers to improve their overall well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"419-431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Preoperative Cognitive Function, Self-Efficacy, and Postoperative Psychological Counselling on Anxiety and Depression Levels in Patients Undergoing Botulinum Toxin Injections.","authors":"Xiaoli Yu, Yumin Zhang, Liangyu Zhang, Tiejun Chen, Bin Yao","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the prognostic influence of preoperative cognitive function, self-efficacy, and postoperative psychological counselling on treatment response following botulinum toxin injections in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders, and to identify key predictors of treatment response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 176 patients who received botulinum toxin injections at Huzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital between May and December 2025. Based on the treatment response of anxiety and depressive symptoms assessed eight weeks post-injection, participants were categorised into a responder group (n = 108) and a non-responder group (n = 68). Data collect included demographic characteristics, botulinum toxin injection details, psychological counselling records, pre-injection assessment of cognitive function and self-efficacy. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between preoperative cognitive levels and self-efficacy, and the effectiveness of postoperative psychological counselling on treatment outcomes of anxiety and depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors influencing treatment response to anxiety and depression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the predictive performance of these factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both study populations exhibited negative correlations between preoperative Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) reduction rates, as well as Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) reduction rates. Conversely, preoperative Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, preoperative self-efficacy, and duration per session showed positive correlations with HAMA reduction rates and HAMD reduction rates (all p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that counselling frequency (OR = 3.808, β = 1.337), duration per session (OR = 1.092, β = 0.088), preoperative PSQI score (OR = 0.820, β = -0.198), MoCA (OR = 1.312, β = 0.272), and General SelfEfficacy Scale (GSES) score (OR = 1.175, β = 0.161) were identified as factors influencing treatment response of anxiety and depression following botulinum toxin injection (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that the aforementioned variables possessed predictive value for treatment response. The combined predictive model yielded an area under the curve was 0.866 (95% confidence interval, ranging from 0.810 to 0.921).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preoperative cognitive function, selfefficacy and the duration per session were correlated with treatment response rates for anxiety and depression. Injection sites, counselling sessions, the duration per session, and preoperative PSQI, MoCA and GSES scores were identified as independent factors influencing treatment response following botulinum toxin injection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"380-389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology-Assisted Interventions for Reducing Risk of Suicide: A Meta-Analysis Focused on Suicidal Ideation.","authors":"Martina Medolla, Fabio Corona, Ana Huertes-Del Arco, Francisco Pablo Holgado-Tello, Miguel Á Carrasco","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide is a leading cause of death among adolescents worldwide. Suicide is a complex multifactorial issue and, in 2025, became the third-leading cause of death among individuals aged 15-29. We sought to evaluate the effectiveness of technology-assisted interventions (TIs) in reducing both suicidal behaviour and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this meta-analysis, we searched the EBSCO (APA PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo, MEDLINE, APA PsycTherapy, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection), PubMed and Cochrane databases from inception until May 2025, seeking out articles featuring data (quantitative outcomes related to suicidal ideation or behaviour) on evaluated suicide or self-harm interventions among children and adolescents (aged 13-18) that incorporated digital technologies in some manner. We used random effects meta-analysis to estimate the effect size for suicidal ideation reduction. We assessed heterogeneity using the I² statistic, and, due to the small number of considered studies, publication bias was assessed using an adaptation of Cochrane's guidelines for the assessment of bias risk. The review was registered with INPLASY, with the code INPLASY202570073.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After applying the eligibility criteria, six studies were selected for the analysis. Although the initial conceptual aim pertained to suicidal risk and self-harm more broadly, suicidal ideation was the only outcome consistently reported across the eligible studies; therefore, it served as the primary meta-analytic outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results highlight that technology-assisted interventions yield an overall statistically significant moderate reduction in suicidal ideation, providing valuable support for the implementation of such interventions during adolescence, although further rigorous research is needed to strengthen the evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"545-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Borderline Personality Traits and Addictive Features of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescent Patients With Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Juan Wang, Qilin Zhang, Suocheng Nie, Youshan Wu","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between borderline personality traits and addictive features of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescent patients with depressive disorder, identify independent risk factors for NSSI addictive features and provide evidence for clinical intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was utilised. A total of 320 adolescent patients with depressive disorder (aged 12-18 years, mean ± SD: 15.82 ± 1.74 years; 238 females, 74.38%) admitted to Jingzhou Mental Health Center between January 2024 and October 2025 were enrolled. Assessments were conducted using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children (BPFS-C), the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist (ASLEC), the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Family APGAR Index and the Addiction Subscale of the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory (OSI-AS). Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the association between borderline personality traits and NSSI addictive features. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent influencing factors for NSSI addictive features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the presence or absence of NSSI addictive features, the 201 patients in the NSSI group were further divided into an addictive NSSI subgroup (n = 111) and a non-addictive NSSI subgroup (n = 90). The OSI-AS score was significantly higher in the addictive NSSI subgroup than in the non-addictive subgroup (p < 0.001). The total BPFS-C score and its subscale scores showed significant positive correlations with NSSI addictive features (p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that, after adjusting for confounders such as age, gender, severity of depression and family function, the total BPFS-C score (odds ratio [OR] = 1.116, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.077-1.157, p < 0.001) and the total ASLEC score (OR = 1.051, 95% CI: 1.021-1.082, p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for NSSI addictive features. The overall prediction accuracy of this model was 84.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Borderline personality traits are an independent risk factor for NSSI addictive featuresin adolescent patients with depressive disorder and are closely associated with the severity of addictive NSSI. In clinical practice, screening for borderline personality traits should be implemented for adolescents with depression and NSSI. Early psychological interventions targeting core features such as affective instability and impulsivity should be conducted to reduce the risk of NSSI addiction.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"276-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Psychological Resilience and Social Support on Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.","authors":"Yuan Ding, Ping Jiang, Ying Zhang","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate anxiety and depression in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and analyse their associations with psychological resilience and social support.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 122 patients with PTC who received surgical treatment at our hospital between January 2022 and June 2023 were included. Clinical data of patients were collected. Psychological resilience, social support, and symptoms of anxiety and depression were evaluated using Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) at 1-month after surgery. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyse the correlation among these indicators. And the influencing factors of postoperative anxiety and depression were analysed using multiple linear regression method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All questionnaires were effectively collected. The total scores of CD-RISC, SSRS, and HADS were 80.00 ± 7.41, 53.17 ± 6.88, and 23.21 ± 5.22 points, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis showed that anxiety scores in the HADS were negatively correlated with CDRISC score and SSRS score, with coefficients of -0.496 and -0.584, respectively (p < 0.05). And depression scores in the HADS were also negatively correlated with CD-RISC score and SSRS score, with coefficients of -0.496 and -0.482, respectively (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that only CD-RISC and SSRS scores were independent predictors of postoperative anxiety and depression (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The levels of anxiety and depression were elevated in PTC patients after surgery. Both psychological resilience and social support were influencing factors for anxiety and depression in PTC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"432-442"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Psychological and Social Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Spanish Youth With and Without Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: A Longitudinal Analysis.","authors":"Carlos Schmidt, Daniela Otero, Juan C Pascual, Soledad Romero, Joaquim Puntí, Anais Lara, Anna Sintes, Iria Mendez, Stella Nicolaou, Joaquim Soler, Daniel Vega","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescents and young adults is a serious public health concern. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted mental health worldwide. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the differential impacts of COVID-19 on psychological health, social support, and academic performance among young adults with and without previous history of NSSI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From an initial sample of 603 college students, 241 (40%) completed this 2.5-year follow-up study. The first assessment was in January-February/2020 (pre-pandemic) and the second in June-July/2022 (post-pandemic). Participants were grouped based on the pres-ence or absence of NSSI at baseline. Variables assessed included sociodemographic data, academic performance, COVID-19-related experiences, clinical characteristics, and perceived social support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant reduction in the prevalence of NSSI behaviors was observed over the follow-up period, decreasing from 35% to 8.7%. The NSSI group endorsed worse academic performance post-pandemic. While they maintained stable clinical severity with no observed worsening, during pandemic period they experienced an improvement in perceived social support. In contrast, the Non-NSSI group experienced a decline in perceived social support during the same period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contrary to previous studies, our findings indicate that young adults with NSSI significantly reduced self-harm behaviors after the COVID-19 pandemic. Although their academic performance was negatively affected, their clinical severity and social support did not worsen compared to those without NSSI. Findings indicate that the COVID-19 outbreak did not increase NSSI behaviors or exacerbate psychopathology in individuals with NSSI.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"287-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Interaction Between Screen Time and Activity Interests on Adolescent Depression Risk: Construction of a Predictive Model Based on Machine Learning.","authors":"Leiming Mao, Ruiqi He, Shike Zhang, Yongqian Ge, Entong Xu, Yalan Chen, Gujun Cong, Haiyan Miao, Yunjie Jiang, Haijiao Zhu","doi":"10.62641/aep.v54i2.2068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62641/aep.v54i2.2068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescent depression is an increasing public health concern, with excessive screen time elevating depression risk and activity interests providing protection. However, most studies examine these behaviors separately and rely on limited analytical methods. This study used machine learning (ML) to develop a predictive model and evaluate the combined influence of screen time and activity interests on adolescent mental health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multi-center survey was conducted among adolescents aged 10-14 years in Chongchuan District, Nantong. Depression-related domains were assessed using the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Screening Questionnaire, integrating seven validated scales. A twostage feature-selection strategy identified 11 key predictors. Three ML models (logistic regression [LR], extreme gradient boosting [XGBoost], and categorical boosting [CatBoost]) were trained with an 80:20 stratified split. Class imbalance was addressed using synthetic minority oversampling technique and class-weighting. Model performance and interpretability were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves, partial dependence plots, and shapley additive explanations (SHAP) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2202 valid questionnaires were analyzed. The distribution of depression severity was as follows: safe 59%, mild 17%, moderate 11%, and severe 13%. The integrated questionnaire demonstrated strong reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.910) and good construct validity (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin [KMO] = 0.91; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.049; and comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.859). ROC-Youden analysis confirmed expert-defined cutoffs (29, 32, and 35). Feature selection identified 11 key predictors, with activity interest and psychological functioning consistently ranking highest in importance. Across the three ML models, LR exhibited the best generalizability, XGBoost showed overfitting, and CatBoost achieved balanced performance. SHAP and partial dependence analyses revealed nonlinear screen-time effects and dose-dependent protective effects of activity interest, including the moderation of high screen exposure in severe-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that ML models can be used to screen adolescents at risk of depression by capturing the combined influence of screen time and activity interests. The model is intended for screening rather than diagnosis and may support school-based early identification, and further validation in clinical contexts is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"54 2","pages":"500-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}