Actas espanolas de psiquiatria最新文献

{"title":"Factors Associated with Hospital Readmission in a Population with a Diagnosis of Personality Disorder.","authors":"Vera Carbonel-Aranda, Ariadna González, Yaiza García-Illanes, María Traverso-Rodríguez, Antonio Bordallo-Aragón, Jessica Marian Goodman-Casanova, Jose Guzman-Parra","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1796","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hospital readmissions of users with personality disorders are frequent and represent a high personal and economic cost for health systems. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with readmission in this population, examining sociodemographic and clinical variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted, using electronic records. The study was carried out at the Mental Health Hospitalization Unit of the Regional University Hospital of Málaga, covering all admissions between January 1, 2007, and March 31, 2024. Patients with a primary or secondary International Classification of Diseases, 10th Edition (ICD-10) personality disorder diagnosis were included. The dependent variable was hospital readmission, analyzed both at 30 days and at 1 year. Mixed logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2403 admissions of 1072 individuals for 30-day readmission and 2256 admissions of 1029 individuals for 1-year readmission were analyzed; 17.15% of the admissions resulted in readmission at 30 days, and 42.33% at 1 year. The variables significantly associated with early readmission in the multivariate analysis were younger age (odds ratio (OR) = 0.973, p < 0.001), having a history of previous admissions (OR = 1.900, p < 0.001), and voluntary admission (OR = 1.348, p = 0.033). For readmission at 1 year, the significant variables included younger age (OR = 0.973, p < 0.001), history of previous admissions (OR = 1.956, p < 0.001), having another type of personality disorder diagnosis other than emotionally unstable personality disorder (OR = 0.654, p = 0.006), and comorbidity with affective (OR = 1.726, p = 0.025) and anxiety (OR = 1.915, p = 0.034) disorders compared to no comorbidity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified key risk factors for hospital readmission of individuals with personality disorders, including younger age, previous admissions, voluntary admission, specific personality disorder types, and comorbidity with affective and anxiety disorders. These findings underscore the need for future research to better understand the risk factors for readmission in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"750-758"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Sectional Study on Analysis of the Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Sleep Disorders among College Students in a Certain University in China.","authors":"Lingjia Hu, Kun Wang, Guihua Fu, Hongjuan Wei, Yu Wu","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1656","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maintaining good sleep quality is crucial for improving the efficiency of college students. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aims to elucidate the prevalence of sleep disorders among students and analyze its risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted on college students between March 2022 and December 2022. A well-designed questionnaire was filled out by college students from a certain university in China. Students whose scores on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale exceeded 8 were included in the sleep disorder group (SD group), while those with lower were included in the non-sleep disorder group (ND group). Furthermore, single-factor analysis was used to investigate the relationship between general information and sleep disorders. Additionally, multifactor logistic regression was utilized to identify the independent risk factors contributing to the occurrence of sleep disorders among college students.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed that the total PSQI score was 7.00 ± 2.17, and the incidence of sleep disorders was 38% among 326 college students. The level of sleep disorders was low (35.89%), scoring 2 or 3 in each component. A high number of students (78.22%) did not use sleep medication in the past 1 month. The level of daytime dysfunction was low (25.76%), scoring 2 or 3 in each section. The differences between the two groups in terms of academic performance, economic level, risk of smartphone addiction, pressure level, family relationship, and physical activity were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Furthermore, multifactor logistic regression analysis indicated that several factors, such as academic performance, smartphone addiction risk, pressure level, and family relationship, were independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of sleep disorders among college students (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of sleep disorders among students in a certain university is 38%. Factors affecting sleep disorders include poor academic performance, high smartphone addiction risk and stress levels, and challenging family relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"835-842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Correlation Analysis of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Three Brain Regions of Patients with Schizophrenia.","authors":"Shiqin Dai, Yong Xu, Tingting Yang, Feng Wang, Yihua Jiang","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1740","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe mental disorder that is marked by hallucinations and cognitive impairments. Ferroptosis is a type of cell death that is associated with iron and lipid peroxidation; it may play a role in SZ etiology. The present study aimed to explore the correlations between ferroptosis-related genes and SZ in three brain regions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset GSE80655 to analyze brain samples from SZ patients and controls; specifically, we evaluated the anterior cingulate cortex (Ancg), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), and nucleus accumbens (nAcc). The data were preprocessed in R, and ferroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Pearson correlation analysis was then performed to assess correlations between these DEGs and age at death, postmortem interval, or brain pH. To identify important ferroptosis-related genes, we created a protein-protein interaction network using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database, and visualized it using Cytoscape software. Moreover, the pROC package was used to calculate the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for these important genes. Finally, gene set variation analysis was used for the pathway enrichment analysis of ferroptosis-related pathways, followed by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine ferroptosis-related DEGs were upregulated in the Ancg region and one was downregulated in the nAcc region. In the Ancg region, the SZ group had four ferroptosis-related DEGs that were negatively correlated with postmortem interval, and the control group had five ferroptosis-related DEGs that were negatively correlated with brain pH. The protein-protein interaction network analysis of the Ancg region revealed seven significant interacting genes; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) and galectin 3 (LGALS3) were the hub genes. Gene set variation analysis revealed substantial changes in the glycolysis pathway in the Ancg region, and in the glutamate transmembrane transport pathway and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis process pathway in the nAcc region, in SZ patients compared with controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The correlation between ferroptosis and SZ appears to be stronger in the Ancg than in the nAcc or dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This association may be mediated by TIMP1 and LGALS3 as well as by the glycolysis pathway, indicating that these might be possible biomarkers for SZ.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"800-809"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Dietary Intake with Interoception and Gastric Myoelectric Activity in Women with Binge Eating Disorder and Bulimia Nervosa.","authors":"Dara Aldisi, Seham H Alyami, Adel Alhamdan, Hanan M Alebrahim, Ahmad H Almadani, Mahmoud M A Abulmeaty","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1734","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women with binge eating disorder (BED) and bulimia nervosa (BN) usually consume high-calorie meals with variable macro- and micronutrient compositions and have a disturbed perception of gastric fullness. The association of dietary intake with gastric interoception and gastric myoelectric activity (GMA) is poorly studied. This study examined the link between GMA/interoception and dietary intake in women with eating disorders (ED) compared to age/body mass index (BMI)-matched controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 18 women diagnosed with BED (n = 9) or BN (n = 9) and 18 age/BMI-matched controls (MC) group were enrolled in this study. Interoception was measured by measuring the volume of ingested water until the feeling of maximal fullness within 5 minutes (5 min water load test; 5 min WL). GMA was measured using transcutaneous electrogastrography (EGG) before and after water ingestion. Dietary intake was recorded using the multipath 24-hour recall of the two proceeding days. Then, food processor software was used to analyze the macro- and micronutrient composition of their diets. The volume of water load (WL) and the EGG's average dominant frequency (ADF) were correlated with macro- and micronutrient intakes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the matched controls, women with ED had a significantly higher consumption of total calories, fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate (CHO), fibers, and sugar, with further higher intakes of total calories and trans-fat in the BED compared to the BN subgroup (p < 0.05). Moreover, the BED group showed higher vitamin B1, copper, and iron intakes than the MC group (p-values were <0.05). The volume of 5 min WL was higher in the BN group than in the control group (697.50 ± 186.45 vs. 466.67 ± 120.44 mL; p < 0.05) and the BED group (697.50 ± 186.45 vs. 488.75 ± 152.17 mL; p < 0.05). In the BED group, ADF showed a significant positive correlation with CHO, sugar, and vitamin B12 intakes (r = 0.700, 0.719, and 0.766, respectively; p < 0.05). Additionally, the 5 min WL volume was negatively correlated with the fiber and sodium intake in the BN group (r = -0.710 and -0.724, respectively; p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Specific dietary approaches might be effective for women with BN and BED. Women with BN may benefit from diets that are higher in fiber and sodium. In contrast, those with BED may find diets rich in simple carbohydrates and vitamin B12 helpful for regulating their eating habits and gastric mobility. Future research is encouraged to test this finding prospectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"777-785"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Visceral Fat Content and Obesity-Related Indicators with Cognitive Impairment after Intracerebral Hemorrhage.","authors":"Yuchen Wang, Xutong Zhu, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1743","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, often leading to long-term cognitive impairment that significantly diminishes the quality of life. This study investigated the relationship between visceral fat content, obesity-related indicators, and cognitive dysfunction following ICH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 388 subjects with ICH who were admitted to the Neurosurgery Department of the Hospital and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. Obesity-related indicators, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), were measured. L3 level images were obtained by abdominal computerized tomography (CT). The visceral fat content was estimated using IMAGE J software, and adiponectin levels were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to evaluate the cognitive level of patients within 2 weeks of onset, and the shortened version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (miniMoCA) was used to evaluate the cognitive level of patients 6 months after ICH. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the correlations of BMI, WC, WHtR, abdominal fat, and adiponectin with cognitive impairment after ICH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BMI, WC, and WHtR were lower in the cognitive impairment group (p < 0.01). Overweight patients exhibited higher MMSE scores than normal-weight patients (p < 0.05) and higher miniMoCA scores than obese patients (p = 0.014). Abdominal obesity, assessed by WC and WHtR, was associated with higher MMSE scores (p = 0.022 and 0.003, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that WHtR was associated with cognitive impairment risk post-ICH (odds ratio (OR) = 0.233, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.071, 0.762); p = 0.016). Although no overall association was found between adiponectin levels and cognitive impairment, subgroup analysis revealed lower adiponectin levels in overweight patients with cognitive impairment (p = 0.040).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WHtR is independently and inversely associated with cognitive impairment after ICH. There is no significant correlation between adiponectin with cognitive impairment after ICH, while subgroup analysis indicates that adiponectin levels are lower in overweight patients with cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"822-834"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Combined Use of Levodopa/Benserazide and Pramipexole Proves Beneficial for Managing Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Qiang Liu, Haiping Wang, Shengyin Lv, Yanyan Zhao, Yabin Zheng, Guanyu Li, Wei Wang","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1711","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD), a prevalent neurological condition, is characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons, leading to motor dysfunction and non-motor symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of combining levodopa/benserazide with pramipexole on PD patients, focusing on cognitive function, plasma monoamine neurotransmitter levels, and serum growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 120 PD patients admitted to the hospital between January 2021 and January 2023. Based on the treatment approaches, the patients were categorized into the control group (n = 61) and the observation group (n = 59). The control group received oral levodopa/benserazide tablets, while the observation group was treated with levodopa/benserazide tablets combined with pramipexole. The two experimental groups were assessed and compared across several parameters, including PD symptoms [Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS)], cognitive function [Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)], the levels of plasma monoamine neurotransmitters, and serum GDF-15 and Ang-1 levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The response rate to treatment was more significant in the observation group (96.55%) compared to the control group (87.93%, p = 0.162). Post-treatment, both groups demonstrated a decline in their UPDRS and overall scores, with the observation group indicating substantially lower scores than the control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, both groups showed improvements in MoCA scores, with the observation group exhibiting higher scores than the control group (p < 0.05). Similarly, we observed significantly increased dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and norepinephrine levels in both groups, with the observation group showing a more pronounced increase (p < 0.05). Additionally, we observed a significant decrease in serum GDF-15 levels and an increase in Ang-1 levels across both groups after treatment. However, the observation group exhibited lower GDF-15 levels and higher Ang-1 levels than the control group (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combined use of levodopa/benserazide and pramipexole proves beneficial for managing PD. This therapeutic regimen can improve cognitive abilities and plasma monoamine neurotransmitter levels in PD patients, reduce brain tissue damage and decrease serum levels of GDF-15.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"769-776"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Six-Gene Signature Related to Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation for Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Chao Qiu, Hui Xu","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1762","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) has been increasingly recognized as a crucial mechanism in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). There remains a paucity of effective diagnostic biomarkers for this condition. This study aims to develop and validate a novel LLPS-related molecular signature to enhance the diagnostic accuracy and early detection of AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LLPS-related genes were identified from online databases and subjected to bioinformatic analyses, including protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Based on the optimal LLPS-related genes, a diagnosis risk model was constructed, and the diagnostic ability was evaluated using a receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. To elucidate the biological functions of the identified LLPS-related genes, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 149 LLPS-related genes were screened, which were found to be involved in functions related to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and cancer progression. The 149 genes were refined to six optimal candidates through PPI network analysis and LASSO regression: Activator of HSP90 ATPase Activity 1 (AHSA1), Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Alpha Kinase 2 (EIF2AK2), Heat Shock Protein Family A (Hsp70) Member 4 (HSPA4), Notch Receptor 1 (NOTCH1), Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1), and Thioredoxin (TXN). Based on the six optimal genes, a diagnostic risk model was constructed, and the diagnostic ability was verified to be promising in AD both in training, internal validation, and two external validation datasets, with area under ROC curve (AUC) above 0.8. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between the expression of these genes and tumor immune cell infiltration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A six-gene diagnosis model was constructed and verified to exhibit robust diagnostic ability in AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"759-768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin Regulates the Polarization of Microglia through the NRF2/HO1 Pathway and Mitigates Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Ying Feng, Xinjun Yu, Jingyang Han","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1713","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a burdening disease and is the main cause of dementia. Quercetin (Que), an antioxidant, plays potential roles in treating age-related disorders, including AD. This study aimed to validate the effects of Que on AD and explore the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice with no treatment, amyloid-β Aβ (1-42) treatment (for acquiring AD model), or Aβ (1-42) plus Que treatment were used. Cognitive function was determined using the open field test (OFT), objective recognition test, and Y-maze test. In brain tissues, mRNA levels of inflammation cytokines, the M1 microglia marker cluster of differentiation (CD)86, and the M2 microglia markers arginase 1 (Arg1) and CD206 were measured. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) pathway-related proteins were detected by western blot. Additionally, mechanisms were investigated using human microglia HMC3 cells treated with Aβ (1-42) and Aβ (1-42) plus Que. The NRF2/HO1 pathway in HMC3 cells was inhibited using the selective inhibitor ML385. Cell viability and death were assessed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release levels, respectively. Cell apoptosis was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL). Levels of NRF2/HO1 pathway-related proteins, inflammation cytokines, and oxidative stress-related markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG)), were determined in HMC3 cells. Flow cytometry was used to determine M1 markers CD86 and CD80 and M2 markers CD206 and CD163.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cognitive ability was impaired in AD model mice, and Que treatment reversed this impairment (p < 0.05). Levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-6 were increased, while M2 markers were decreased in the AD model mouse brain. Que treatment reversed these changes (p < 0.001). The NRF2/HO1 pathway was slightly inhibited in AD mice brain, while further activated by Que (p < 0.05). Que reversed the Aβ (1-42)-impaired cell viability. Through greatly activating NRF2/HO1 pathway, Que suppressed Aβ (1-42)-induced cell death, decreased Aβ (1-42)-promoted IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, CD86 and CD80, increased Aβ (1-42)-suppressed SOD and GSH/GSSG, and greatly increased CD206 and CD163 (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Quercetin, through the activation of the NRF2/HO1 pathway, promotes M2 polarization of microglia, suppresses Aβ (1-42)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress, protects microglia from Aβ (1-42)-induced damage, improves cognitive function in mice, and demonstrates therapeutic potential for AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"786-799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variables Associated with the Use of Psychotropic Medications by Brazilian University Students.","authors":"Cássia Regina Primila Cardoso Berti, Alice Milani Nespollo, Moises Kogien, Evelyn Kelly Das Neves Abreu, Samira Reschetti Marcon, Tatiane Lebre Dias","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1753","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>University life is a phase of developing personal and professional skills, but it brings challenges such as distancing from family and supporting networks, difficulties with academic tasks, loneliness, new relationships, competitiveness, and social, socioeconomic, and psychological vulnerability, among others. These conditions can lead to the development of illnesses such as anxiety, depression, sleeping disorders, suicide, self-harming, and excessive drug use, including psychotropic medications. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the use of psychotropic medications and its association with sociodemographic, academic, behavioral, and health variables in Brazilian university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, quantitative research, with a sampling of 524 students from a Brazilian public Higher Education Institution (Federal University of Mato Grosso - UFMT). The collection took place from October 10th to December 30th, 2022. An online questionnaire was applied with sociodemographic and clinical questions-the General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The data were descriptively and inferentially analyzed; in the descriptive analysis, the absolute (FA) and relative (FR) frequencies of each category investigated were presented; and for bi- and multivariate analyses, Poisson regression with robust estimation was used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants were at the median age of 22 years old, the majority were female (69.7%), heterosexual (68.1%), with medium/high subjective social status (82.4%) and without being involved in a romantic relationship (54%). The prevalence of psychotropic medication use was 26.1%, considering that 17.5% was not prescribed by a medical professional. The most used class of medications was antidepressants (91 participants), followed by natural medicines (38 participants). Among the segments associated with the use of psychotropic drugs were female individuals, romantic relationships, perception of academic performance by postgraduate students, and previous diagnoses of mental or mood disorders (depression and anxiety).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results obtained highlight the importance of research on mental health among university students, especially regarding the use of psychotropic drugs, which must be monitored by a qualified professional. At the university, these data can be important for the development of policies aimed at health and life quality, in addition to contributing to the strengthening of national and international partnerships, and promoting the scientific production in the area.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"810-821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional Responsibility of Psychologists in the Field of Mental Health in Spain.","authors":"José Manuel Bertolín-Guillén, Andrés Porcel-Torrens, Francisca Cantero-Araque, Yolanda Morant-Luján","doi":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1819","DOIUrl":"10.62641/aep.v52i6.1819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Spain and many other countries, psychotherapy training is heterogeneous and not very evidence-based. This contribution addresses related ethical, normative and legal issues with the aim of clarification, as well as certain relevant aspects of psychological work in the field of mental and behavioural health in Spain. It will analyse professional responsibility and possible intrusiveness in the clinical-psychological field. The authors have scrutinised national legislation along with PubMed/Medline content, as well as a wide variety of scientific papers collected using the search engines Google Scholar and Scientific Electronic Library Online. For clinical psychologists and psychiatric doctors, when appropriate, it is their professional responsibility to choose among the various and sometimes conflicting interventions proposed as the most appropriate or priority psychotherapies. Psychotherapy, as a treatment, although not regulated, should only be undertaken by health personnel who are suitably qualified in mental health with the guarantee of the State, at least in Spain. This would probably help to mitigate the perennial crisis of replication in psychology, particularly as applied to mental health. Likewise, it is a relevant and popular issue, antagonistic to intrusiveness, that any common intervention of interpersonal psychic help should be considered therapeutic, or preferably be undertaken by personnel with a degree in psychology. There is no mandatory psychotherapeutic standard for clinical psychologists and psychiatrists, nor is there an official common international system of accreditation in clinical psychology outside Spain. In the field of mental health, any intervening psychologist, like any medical doctor, is ethically and legally responsible for their actions, omissions and consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":7251,"journal":{"name":"Actas espanolas de psiquiatria","volume":"52 6","pages":"843-853"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}