Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)最新文献

{"title":"High-Resolution Anoscopy Referral Rates Adopting Different Anal Cancer Screening Strategies for Men Who Have Sex with Men.","authors":"Maria Benevolo, Massimo Giuliani, Paolo Giorgi Rossi, Francesca Rollo, Eugenia Giuliani, Christof Stingone, Laura Gianserra, Mauro Zaccarelli, Alessandra Latini, Maria Gabriella Donà","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0435","DOIUrl":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The International Anal Neoplasia Society (IANS) has generated recommendations for anal cancer screening, identifying men who have sex with men (MSM) living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; MSM-LWH) ≥35 years and MSM not living with HIV (MSM-noHIV) ≥45 years as groups to prioritize. As high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) availability is still limited across Europe, a retrospective study was conducted to estimate the potential HRA referral rates of the Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI)/HIV center of a European capital city using IANS-recommended strategies. The study included participants in a program for the surveillance of anal intraepithelial neoplasia and anal human papillomavirus (HPV) natural history. MSM-LWH ≥35 years and MSM-noHIV ≥45 years with valid results for liquid-based anal cytology and HPV test at baseline were included. The following strategies were evaluated: cytology as a standalone test or with high-risk HPV (hrHPV) triage; hrHPV (with/without HPV16 genotyping) as a standalone test or with cytology triage; and cotesting with cytology and hrHPV (with/without HPV16 genotyping). Overall, 307 MSM were included (244 LWH, 79.5%). hrHPV as a standalone test led to the highest referral rate in both MSM-LWH and MSM-noHIV (74.6% and 55.6%, respectively). Cytology with hrHPV triage (without genotyping) and hrHPV with cytology triage resulted in the same referral rates (44.3% in MSM-LWH and 27.0% in MSM-noHIV). In settings with insufficient HRA capacity, only high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or atypical squamous cells-cannot exclude HSIL (4.9% and 9.5% for MSM-LWH and MSM-noHIV, respectively) and HPV16+ MSM (27.0% and 20.6%, respectively) would be referred to HRA. Adoption of IANS recommendations should balance the sensitivity of the screening algorithm and the HRA referral rate because the latter is a matter of concern in settings with limited HRA capacity. Prevention Relevance: Adopting the recent IANS recommendations for anal cancer screening in MSM may be challenging when HRA availability is limited. Estimating the HRA referral rates we would have using 12 different screening algorithms, we highlighted that application of these recommendations implies a careful analysis of the local resource capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":"291-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial Health Disparity and Risk of Multiple Myeloma: Implications for Energy Balance Interventions.","authors":"Amber J Normann, Rebekah L Wilson, Ellaney Matarese, Chuan Lu, Brett P Ranieri, John R Gardiner, Catherine R Marinac, Christina M Dieli-Conwright","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Established risk factors for multiple myeloma, including obesity and sedentary lifestyles, are associated with well-known racial/ethnic disparities in disease risk. This review examines established risk determinants for multiple myeloma in Black adults, summarizes evidence linking lifestyle factors, including obesity, physical inactivity, and diet, to disease risk, and discusses energy balance interventions, including cultural tailoring, to mitigate multiple myeloma risk. We summarize current evidence for racial/ethnic disparities in risk factors for multiple myeloma, including unmodifiable heritable factors, modifiable contributors to obesity, including diet and physical activity, and barriers to meeting physical activity and healthful diet guidelines. With this evidence, we present considerations to research lifestyle interventions directed toward risk factors for multiple myeloma. Current foundational scientific evidence in energy balance interventions for cancer risk management is primarily supported in non-Hispanic White populations. Evidence for preventative exercise, diet, or lifestyle interventions for multiple myeloma among underrepresented populations is scarce. Research considerations are proposed to provide strategies utilizing community engagement, primary care education, and importantly, availability of exercise and dietary resources. The importance of tailoring exercise and dietary interventions is also underscored, in addition to generating clinical trial-based evidence to be equitable and beneficial for all populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":"18 5","pages":"261-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage at Diagnosis for Common Cancers According to Rurality, Area Deprivation and Insurance, 2017-2021.","authors":"Kathleen M Fairfield, Kimberly Murray, Lise M Cloutier, John L Daggett, Benjamin R Felix, Christina A Kapala, Renee M Fay-Leblanc, Adriana E Nadeau, Bridget K Rauscher, Kathryn Rensenbrink, Debra A Rothenberg, Kevin D Stein","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor access to care among rural and vulnerable populations may result in later stage cancer diagnoses. Using Maine Cancer Registry data (2017-2021) we examined relationships between rurality, insurance, area deprivation index (ADI), and stage for breast, colorectal, lung/bronchus, and prostate cancers. Among 21,208 cancers, regional/distant spread at diagnosis was present among 24% of breast, 60% colorectal, 69% lung/bronchus, and 25% of prostate. In multivariable model we modeled odds of being diagnosed with regional/distant (vs in situ/local spread) according to insurance, rurality, and ADI. Compared to commercial insurance, we observed higher odds of diagnosis at regional/distant stage (vs in situ/localized) associated with having Medicaid insurance for breast (AOR 1.65, 95% CI 1.33-2.04), colorectal (AOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.09-1.98), and prostate (AOR 1.88, 95% CI 1.30-2.70) cancers but no association for lung cancer. People living in isolated rural areas had higher odds of being diagnosed with later stage colorectal(AOR 1.24, 95% CI 1.01-1.53), lung/bronchus (AOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.04-1.43) and prostate cancers (AOR 1.24, 95% CI 1.04-1.47) compared to urban dwellers. Living in isolated rural areas or being insured by Medicaid was associated with later stage cancer diagnoses compared with those in more urban areas and with commercial insurance. This suggests an opportunity to improve early detection among these vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic changes induced by carcinogenic agents or occupational exposure with sufficient evidence for bladder cancer.","authors":"Edyta Kasperczyk, Kateryna Tarhonska, Ewa Jablonska","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0450","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive evidence highlights the role of epigenetic alterations in chemically induced carcinogenesis. Accordingly, this review focuses on the importance of epigenetics and exposure in bladder cancer. Specifically, we examined publications reporting epigenetic alterations associated with exposure to agents and occupations classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as having sufficient evidence for bladder cancer. This systematic review was conducted in compliance with PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search of the PubMed database was performed for studies published up to March 2024. The inclusion criteria required the use of epigenetic studies in healthy populations exposed to carcinogenic agents or occupational exposures with sufficient evidence for bladder cancer, as classified by IARC, and limited to articles written in English. We identified 23 studies examining epigenetic changes in healthy individuals exposed to 16 carcinogens or occupational exposures with established evidence of increased bladder cancer risk. These studies particularly emphasized DNA methylation analysis. Epigenetic responses associated with these exposures have been extensively studied and characterized. While epigenetic disorders are increasingly considered critical in cancer assessments, there remain gaps in research addressing the epigenetic effects of many potential carcinogens in human epithelium. Consequently, data on bladder cancer induction through epigenetic mechanisms are especially valuable.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and acceptability of pay-it-forward in increasing uptake of HPV vaccination among 15-18-year-old girls in China: Pilot RCT Results.","authors":"Yifan Li, Chuanyu Qin, Katherine T Li, Yu He, Shengyue Qiu, Dan Wu, Jing Li","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>China has low human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate due to limited public funding and mistrust in domestic vaccines. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of an innovative pay-it-forward strategy to improve HPV vaccine uptake among adolescent girls. Conducted at a community health center in Western China (Jan 4 - Feb 18, 2022), the study recruited 100 adolescent girls (ages 15-18) with no prior HPV vaccination. Participants were randomly assigned to either the standard-of-care arm (self-paid vaccines, n=50) or the pay-it-forward arm (subsidized vaccines, hand-written postcards, and the opportunity to donate and/or write postcards, n=50). Feasibility was assessed through recruitment, retention, and questionnaire completion rates. Acceptability and feasibility were measured using the standard scale. Preliminary effectiveness was evaluated by first-dose vaccination rate. Of 109 screened participants, 100 were eligible to participate (91.7%). Retention rate was 100% in both arms. Questionnaire completion rate was 98% (49/50) in the pay-it-forward arm and 82% (41/50) in the standard-of-care arm. Most participants self-reported that the strategy was feasible (97.6%, 41/42) and acceptable (90.5%, 38/42). Ninety seven percent (97/100) of participants made vaccination appointments. The first-dose HPV vaccine uptake rate was 98% (49/50) in the pay-it-forward arm and 82% (41/50) in the standard-of-care arm (P<0.05). No serious adverse events were identified. The pay-it-forward strategy was feasibility, acceptability, and showed preliminary effectiveness in increasing HPV vaccination uptake. Further refinement and population-based recruitment are needed to better reflect local contexts and enhance the generalizability of the formal trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of Cancer Signal Origin Prediction and Diagnostic Resolution Following Multi-Cancer Early Detection Testing in the PATHFINDER Study.","authors":"Catherine R Marinac, Charles H McDonnell, Lincoln D Nadauld, Christina A Dilaveri, Robert Reid, Karen C Chung, Margarita Lopatin, Eric T Fung, Deborah Schrag, Rita Shaknovich, Eric A Klein","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests represent a new approach for cancer detection. To gain insight into the utility of various approaches of evaluating a cancer signal detected (CSD) test result, we evaluated diagnostic journeys of a subset of 6,662 participants in PATHFINDER who had a CSD on both an initial and refined version of an MCED test that also provided a prediction of cancer signal origin (CSO). We sought to determine whether CSO prediction-guided diagnostic evaluations led to diagnostic resolution; whether participants with known risk factors for cancer beyond age alone and a negative initial diagnostic evaluation had a cancer diagnosis during study follow-up; the utility of whole body imaging (WBI) in reaching diagnostic resolution; and differences in the diagnostic journeys needed to reach diagnostic resolution for both true- and false-positive results. Of the 39 participants in this analysis, 82% (32/39) achieved diagnostic resolution after the initial evaluation, including 78% (25/32) who reached resolution specifically with a CSO prediction-directed workup. 18% (7/39) required additional evaluation for persistent clinical suspicion of cancer, all of whom achieved resolution (3 with and 4 without cancer). WBI contributed to diagnostic resolution in only 49% of cancer signal detected cases. Approximately 90% of true- and false-positive cases had imaging tests; more true- versus false-positives (81.0% vs 38.9%) had non-surgical and/or surgical procedures. In conclusion, CSO prediction-directed evaluations enabled diagnostic resolution for most participants, although some with negative initial evaluations but persistent suspicion of cancer required additional testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Randomized Study of Metformin and Intensive Lifestyle Intervention on Cancer Incidence over 21 years of follow-up in the Diabetes Prevention Program.","authors":"Brandy M Heckman-Stoddard, Jill P Crandall, Sharon L Edelstein, Philip C Prorok, Dana Dabelea, Richard Hamman, Helen P Hazuda, Edward Horton, Mary A Hoskin, Marjorie Perloff, Anna Bowers, William C Knowler, Leslie G Ford, Marinella Temprosa","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-23-0461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-23-0461","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meta-analyses have reported a decrease in overall cancer incidence of approximately 10-40% with metformin use among individuals with diabetes. Lifestyle change could potentially reduce cancer incidence. The objective was to determine whether metformin or intensive lifestyle intervention (ILS) reduces the risk of cancer among adults at high risk of diabetes. The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP, 1996-2001) randomized 3234 participants to ILS, metformin (850 mg twice daily), or blinded placebo. During follow-up through the DPP Outcomes Study (DPPOS), all participants were offered a modified lifestyle intervention, and metformin continued open-label metformin group. Participants reported cancer cases annually. Medical records were adjudicated for all reported events. The primary endpoint was total cancer incidence, comparing metformin versus placebo, with ILS versus placebo as a secondary objective. After a median follow-up of 21 years, 546 participants (173 metformin, 182 ILS, and 191 placebo) were diagnosed with a first incident cancer. Incidence rates of cancer were 9.8, 10.5, and 10.8 per 1,000 person-years in metformin, ILS, and placebo, respectively, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.90 (95%CI = 0.73 to 1.10) for metformin compared to placebo and 0.96 (95%CI = 0.79 to 1.18) for ILS compared to placebo. There were no differences between any treatment groups for obesity-related cancer or in sex-specific analyses. Neither assignment to metformin nor ILS reduced cancer incidence among adults at high risk of diabetes. These results may be impacted by increased non-study metformin usage over time due to the development of diabetes and reduced intensity of ILS intervention over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From therapy to cancer prevention using HRD testing on high grade ovarian cancer patients.","authors":"Maria Grazia Tibiletti, Ileana Carnevali, Sofia Facchi, Valeria Pensotti, Giorgio Formenti, Nora Sahnane, Laura Libera, Susanna Ronchi, Sara Volorio, Marco Alessandro Pierotti, Stefano La Rosa, Fausto Sessa","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Approximately half of high-grade ovarian cancers are characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations of genes involved in homologous recombination (HRR), most commonly BRCA1 and BRCA2. HRR defects identified by tests of genomic instability confer PARP-inhibitors sensitivity in ovarian cancers. Commercial tests that combine tumor BRCA testing with a genomic instability score (HRD test) are available in clinical practice. We seek to determine the performance of three different HRD tests to improve therapy management and prevention of ovarian cancer. Tumor samples from 50 patients with high grade ovarian cancers were investigated for tumoral BRCA status, genomic instability and BRCA1 promoter methylation for treatment purposes. Patients with ovarian cancer that tested positive for BRCA variants and/or genomic instability defect, were referred to the Cancer Genetics Service for germline testing. A positive HRD status was observed in 54% of cases and pathogenic variants of BRCA genes were identified in 41% of cases presenting genomic instability. BRCA1 methylation assay revealed promoter hypermethylation in 20% of ovarian cancers that tested positive for HRD and negative for BRCA1/2 variants. Among 26 women referred to cancer genetic counselling, 10 carried germline variants in HRR genes. HRD status determined eligibility for PARP inhibitor treatment in all but two ovarian cancers. This study outlined that determining genomic instability helps identify inherited ovarian cancers. HRD testing, crucial for making high-ovarian cancer treatment choices, must be linked to an established path of cancer genetic counselling and management of individuals at high cancer risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight Loss Reverses the Effects of Aging and Obesity on Mammary Tumor Immunosuppression and Progression.","authors":"Laura A Smith, Dalton M Craven, Alyssa N Ho, Elaine M Glenny, Erika T Rezeli, Meredith S Carson, Evan M Paules, Magdalena Fay, Alyssa J Cozzo, Stephen D Hursting, Michael F Coleman","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advanced age and obesity are each a major risk factor for breast cancer progression, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Here we interrogated: a) whether these factors interact to promote TNBC progression, and b) if weight loss mitigates the separate and combined effects of aging and obesity on TNBC. We demonstrate that aging and diet-induced obesity (DIO) interact to promote TNBC growth in mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed suppression of antitumor immunity in tumors from aged and/or obese mice. Weight loss via intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) reduced tumor growth and restored immune-related gene signatures to reverse the protumor effects of aging and/or obesity. Using publicly available genomic datasets from murine studies of obesity, weight loss, and TNBC, we identified a consensus transcriptomic signature of obesity-driven immunosuppression that predicted survival of patients with breast cancer. This consensus signature was also suppressed by aging, obesity, and their combination. ICR reversed aging and/or obesity effects on the consensus signature. We conclude that aging and obesity interact to limit antitumor immunity and enhance TNBC progression and that these adverse effects can be disrupted by weight loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of the Newly Eligible Population under Two Recent Updates of Lung Cancer Screening Recommendations.","authors":"Yu Liu, Michael T Halpern, Robert J Volk, Ya-Chen Tina Shih","doi":"10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-24-0465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) updated its lung cancer screening (LCS) recommendation in 2021 and the American Cancer Society (ACS) updated its LCS guidelines in 2023. Each update expanded screening eligibility criteria; thus increasing the total number of individuals eligible for lung cancer screening. However, it is not clear whether different population subgroups benefit equally from the recent updates of LCS recommendations in terms of becoming newly eligible. We identified 85,395 individuals who were between 50 and 80 years old, smoked cigarettes formerly or currently, and did not have a history of lung cancer from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys of 2022. We used descriptive analysis to illustrate the weighted proportions of newly screening eligible population among different subgroups. We also applied multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios of being newly eligible for LCS under each LCS recommendation update in 2021 and 2023. For both LCS updates, individuals who were non-Hispanic White, male, and had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were significantly more likely to become newly eligible for LCS. A significantly larger proportion of older-age individuals became newly eligible under the 2023 ACS guideline. Noticeably, both guideline updates substantially increased the population eligible for screening among males and older individuals, two groups experiencing the majority of lung cancer incidence and mortality. Results also indicate the screening eligibility criteria updates did not increase the odds ratio of being eligible among racial/ethnic minority and female subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":72514,"journal":{"name":"Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}