Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries最新文献

{"title":"Firework related burn injuries in Australia and New Zealand","authors":"Jason Diab ,&nbsp;Vanessa Diab ,&nbsp;Zachias Hopkins ,&nbsp;Peter K.M. Maitz ,&nbsp;Andrea C. Issler-Fisher","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Fireworks are commonly used to celebrate holidays and events with potential to impact livelihoods from blast injuries. This study aims to describe and analyse firework related burns in adults across Australia and New Zealand (ANZ).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective review from January 2010 – January 2023 across all ANZ adult burns units. All firework related burn injuries in adults greater than 18 years that attended or were referred to the burns unit were included.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 173 patients with a firework related burn injury. The male to female ratio was 4.4:1 with the majority representing a younger age group (18–45 years). Men were significantly more likely to have firework related injuries at home and /or outside than women (49.3 % vs 24.2 %, p = 0.009). There were 29 firecrackers, 44 sparklers, and 99 firework burn injuries with significant differences in proportions between states for sparklers and fireworks. The mean TBSA was 4.3 % with significant differences amongst sex (men 4.7 % vs women 2.0 %, p = 0.042) and amongst states. Adequate first aid was reported higher in men than women (61.4 % vs 42.4 %, p = 0.047). Approximately half the injuries were hands and a third of injuries involved more than one body part. The most frequent type of injury was a full thickness burn (39.6 %), followed by mid dermal (24.1 %) and superficial (23.0 %) respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Firework related burns have distinct patterns of use and injuries amongst men and women with variations across states. Legislation and prevention are cornerstone to reducing the impact of burn related injuries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246891222400004X/pdfft?md5=6445456a14e660a7ca2b4b3662a3a3fb&pid=1-s2.0-S246891222400004X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139503690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and cost analysis of burned patients in Iran","authors":"Mehdi Aryafar ,&nbsp;Maliheh Ziaee ,&nbsp;Amin Adel ,&nbsp;Shapour Badiee Aval ,&nbsp;Hosein Ebrahimipour ,&nbsp;Asma Rashki Kemmak ,&nbsp;Elahe Pourahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2024.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2024.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Considering the financial support provided by insurance and the government for burn patients in Iran, and recognizing the substantial economic impact associated with their treatment, there is a pressing need to delve into the epidemiology of these patients and analyze the related costs. This study aims to explore the epidemiological aspects and hospitalization costs of burn patients specifically within the burn ward of Imam Reza 68-bed Hospital in Mashhad, a regional center of referral in the eastern part of the country.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data had extracted from the electronic data collection system, which is used on a daily basis in the hospital. We included patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of burns, code T20.0-T32.9 and T95 according to the International Classification of Diseases ICD-10. Ultimately, 1151 patients were included in the study. We analyzed 1151 burn cases in terms of patients’ age at the time of the event, gender, type of burn (Chemical, scalds, flame, electrical and contact burns), anatomical location of the burn (head and neck, upper limb, lower limb, multiple regions and part unspecified), burn etiology, burn degree (I, II, III), total burn surface area (%TBSA), Inpatient ward, expenditure ($), burn mortality rate and length of hospitalization. The age group was divided into seven groups by the 10 years intervals. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS-16 and Excel software.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>1151 patients were included in the study. High-risk groups are pediatric up to nine (0–9) years. According to age, we found that most cases were children, respectively, 25% (2<!--> <!-->9<!--> <!-->1) cases. Men accounted for 743 cases (65%), women for 408 (35%). Major causes of severe burn injury were flame burns (49%) and scalds (43%). Unspecified was the most common burn location (40%), followed by the multiple regions (23%) and upper limb (11%). In cases of head and neck burns, the financial burden on the patient is elevated compared to other types of burns due to increased expenses for medications, disposable medical instruments, and hoteling. The main items for the burned patients are hoteling (38% of total costs), surgeon (24%), medicine (16%), and medical consumables (6%). The per capita expenditure was $9,365 ± $8,100 in pediatrics and $11,179 ± $10,180 in adults <em>Conclusions</em>: Most cases of death were related to burn in multiple areas of the body and then trunk burn (30% and 19%, respectively) and no death was observed in patients with hand and wrist burn. Burns can be incredibly severe and life-threatening, especially when they affect multiple areas of the body, such as the trunk and any burn injury is still a serious matter. It's important to prioritize fire safety and take precautions to prevent such accidents from happening.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912224000063/pdfft?md5=8b9e77be5824c7432eb0c6ab9db4e82b&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912224000063-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139505381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and perceptions of non-fatal burns among select youth (15–24 years old) from Peshawar Pakistan; a sequential explanatory mixed methods study","authors":"Sarwat Masud ,&nbsp;Adnan A Hyder ,&nbsp;Uzma Rahim Khan ,&nbsp;Nadeem Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Pammla Petrucka","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2024.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2024.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Burns are among the top five cause of unintentional injuries among youth. We aimed to determine the incidence and risk factors of burns in select youth from Pakistan and also explored their perceptions about burns.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A sequential explanatory mixed methods study was conducted which comprised of two phases. Phase 1 consisted of a cross-sectional quantitative survey (QUAN) in which 550 vocational school youth (15 to 24 years-olds) filled out the WHO community survey tool for injuries and violence and provided data on burns in previous 12 months (2021–22). Phase 2 consisted of qualitative (QUAL), in-depth interviews (IDIs) with participants selected from Phase 1 based on the occurrence of burns. STATA™ version 15.1 was used for Phase 1 data analysis and Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial regression was used for determining the Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) of burns. Thematic analysis was performed for in-depth interviews from Phase 2.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 547 participants, 356 (65%) were males while 191 (35%) were females. Burns were reported by 85 participants (15%). A total of 137 counts of burns were reported showing multiple burns by some participants. The IRR for burns among young females was 2.89 (1.78–4.69) compared to males in the previous 12 months (2021–22). Age, sex, father’s education, and combined family income were significant risk factors for burns in youth. Six IDIs were conducted with burn victims, two were males while six were females. Four cooking-related burns, and two occupational burns during vocational training were reported. Themes that emerged from IDIs were internal and external factors, personal carelessness and lack of knowledge and safety about burns. Two sub-themes that were significant for recovery from burns were family support and access to healthcare.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Young females are at a higher risk of burn injuries in Pakistan. Various social, demographic, and behavioral risk factors are associated with burns. Pre-burn and post-burn interventions are needed for prevention from burns in youth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 60-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912224000051/pdfft?md5=15076dae6aed4260e3e387f859690717&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912224000051-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139505621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burn size estimation: A remarkable history with clinical practice implications","authors":"Gretchen J. Carrougher,&nbsp;Tam N. Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Determining the size of a burn injury is a critical metric in the care of the burn patient. Several long-standing methods exist to estimate burn size to include the Rule of Nines, Lund-Browder Chart, and Palmar method; all of which remain in clinical use today. Development and use of these metrics first began in the late 1800s. Understanding these clinical tools and others, with an appreciation of their development, limitations, and utility, is important for the competent burn care clinician today. This review provides an evolutional history for these metrics and use in clinical practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 2","pages":"Pages 47-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912224000014/pdfft?md5=f5f4fc6a41aca6ba00dfe9f9227d4ad1&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912224000014-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139436270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Report of outcomes in burn patients enrolled in the Cultured epidermal autograft prospective Registry","authors":"Shawn Fagan ,&nbsp;Zaheed Hassan ,&nbsp;Bounthavy Homsombath ,&nbsp;Rajiv Sood ,&nbsp;Kade Hardy ,&nbsp;Beretta Craft-Coffman ,&nbsp;Brett C. Hartman ,&nbsp;Caryn Cramer ,&nbsp;John Griswold","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cultured epidermal autograft (CEA) is a permanent skin replacement indicated for use in adult and pediatric patients with deep dermal or full thickness burns comprising a total body surface area (TBSA) ≥ 30 %. CEA (Epicel®) was approved for use in adults in the United States in 2007 as a Humanitarian Use Device (HUD) under a Humanitarian Device Exemption (HDE) and was approved for pediatric use in 2016. In 2019, a CEA Registry was established with an objective of prospective data collection and analysis of demographic, treatment, and outcome data for the real-world use of CEA. At the time of data cut–off (June 2022), 68 patients (50 adults and 18<!--> <!-->children) had completed data in the registry, up through hospital discharge, for this analysis. Mean total body surface area (TBSA) of the burn was 58 % in adults and 56 % in pediatric patients, and almost half had inhalation injury in each group. Approximately 74 % of adults and 67 % of pediatric patients had TBSA ≥ 50 %. Overall survival was 87 % (84 % adults, 94 % pediatric). Mean % graft take (engraftment) of CEA was 81 % in adults and 84 % in pediatric patients. Outcomes from this prospective collection of data in severely burned patients treated with CEA demonstrate favorable engraftment and survival rates and are in general agreement with recent literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 29-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912223000457/pdfft?md5=016f162099a83a64130abdd90aabd429&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912223000457-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139090150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post burn contracted neck: Experience in Ain Shams burn center","authors":"Amr Mabrouk,&nbsp;Mai Raafat Hammad,&nbsp;Adel Mabrouk,&nbsp;Mohamed Samir Badawy","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The neck is especially liable to severe contractures following burns, especially in developing countries. Severe neck contractures are functionally devastating as they can also result in respiratory compromise and intubation difficulties. In this study, we examine out experience with neck contractures over a period from January 2019 through July 2022 in Ain Shams University burn unit, which receives referrals from all over Egypt, most of which are challenging due to late presentation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We prospectively evaluated 70 patients with post-burn neck contracture, and surgically managed them according to Makboul and El-Oteify’s classification of neck contractures. Interventions for release included use of skin grafts, local flaps, tissue expansion and free tissue transfer. Recurrence was also correlated to method on release.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The most common grade of contracture was moderate (n=34). Broad scars comprised the most common pattern of scar (n=32). Recurrence of neck contracture increased with release by skin grafts (28.6%).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 39-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912223000469/pdfft?md5=899bf10a1b5a0426aeb1f2c6eb09a957&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912223000469-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139090151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum regarding missing statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2023.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2023.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 1","pages":"Page 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912223000020/pdfft?md5=bd31b0c6528ccf639d4240f8b36058bd&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912223000020-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139493260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute kidney injury in burn patients: A year findings from a topmost referral burn center in West Java, Indonesia","authors":"Lisa Y. Hasibuan,&nbsp;Arif Tri Prasetyo,&nbsp;Muhammad Aufar Isytahar","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Burn injuries, which affect two layers of the skin, are commonly quantified as a percentage of the total body surface area involved (%TBSA). Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) represents a rapid and typically reversible decrease in kidney function, as indicated by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In the context of burn injuries, AKI can be categorized as either early or late onset, each having distinct causes. Neglecting to identify and manage AKI can significantly impact the prognosis of burn injuries.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This research was an analytical observational study employing a cross-sectional design and subsequent correlation analysis. Data was collected from medical records during the year 2022. Out of a total of 171 cases, only 71 were suitable for evaluation. The statistical analysis of categorical data involved the use of the chi-square test.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>In this study, 62.7 % of male participants had burn injuries with a Total Body Surface Area (%TBSA) greater than 20 %, compared to 64.2 % with %TBSA less than 20 %. The average age for patients with %TBSA greater than 20 % was 37.4 years, while for those with %TBSA less than 20 %, it was 42.5 years. The average body weight for these groups was 64 kg and 65 kg, respectively. In terms of kidney function, patients with %TBSA greater than 20 % had an average creatinine level of 1.41 mg/dL and an estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) of 95.79 mL/min/1.73 m². In contrast, those with %TBSA less than 20 % had average values of 0.86 mg/dL for creatinine and 115.12 mL/min/1.73 m² for eGFR. Regarding Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), 7 % of patients with burn injuries of %TBSA less than 20 % suffered from AKI, compared to 53.5 % who did not. Among patients with %TBSA greater than 20 %, 25.4 % experienced AKI, while 14.1 % did not.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study reveals a significant correlation between the severity of burn injuries and the occurrence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Specifically, patients with burn injuries affecting over 20% of their Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) are 13.6 times more likely to develop AKI compared to those with less extensive burns, covering less than 20% of TBSA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 35-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912223000470/pdfft?md5=39296fd106608bfcf53fa8de683ad13b&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912223000470-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139090152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical method to deal with asphalt burns on the hands using melted butter and plastic gloves: A case report","authors":"Tomohiko Sakai ,&nbsp;Shinji Nakajima ,&nbsp;Masashi Ueyama ,&nbsp;Yuichi Kuroki ,&nbsp;Akinori Osuka ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ogura ,&nbsp;Jun Oda","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burnso.2023.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Burns from hot asphalt, although rare, typically occur in workers in the paving industry. Removal of asphalt, while not mandatory, improves patient comfort and allows early assessment of underlying tissue damage. Previous reports have emphasized the use of surface-active agents or butters to remove tar or asphalt from the affected area without causing further damage to the skin.</p></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><p>A 69-year-old man was working as a driver of an asphalt tanker. While working on the side of the tanker, hot asphalt splashed off the roof of the tanker's hood. He sustained burns to his left face, neck, upper and lower extremities, and hands from the hot asphalt. Melted butter was soaked into gauze and applied to asphalt-covered areas of the face, neck, body, upper and lower extremities, and hands. The butter soaked into the gauze emulsified the asphalt, and the asphalt soaked into the gauze was painlessly removed. To remove the asphalt from the fingertips, melted butter was placed in plastic gloves and the hands were dipped into the gloves so that all fingers efficiently touched the melted butter. By doing so, the asphalt on the fingertips was easily emulsified by the butter in the gloves.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The method of removing asphalt stuck to the hands by placing melted butter in gloves and applying the gloves to the hands should be considered as an option.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 1","pages":"Pages 43-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912223000482/pdfft?md5=2009c7a085ab32bdfae8af52716dc683&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912223000482-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139090153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Incidental thyroid tumour during surgical tracheostomy in a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis” [Burns Open 6(2) (2022) 86–88]","authors":"Ciaran M. Hurley ,&nbsp;Eimear Phoenix ,&nbsp;Gerald Duff ,&nbsp;Paul Lennon ,&nbsp;Odhran P. Shelley","doi":"10.1016/j.burnso.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.burnso.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72486,"journal":{"name":"Burns open : an international open access journal for burn injuries","volume":"8 1","pages":"Page 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468912223000044/pdfft?md5=b6a96e7e3c3d8c33bc20da522a543702&pid=1-s2.0-S2468912223000044-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43345478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}