Brain, behavior, & immunity - health最新文献

{"title":"Preliminary evaluation of a mindfulness intervention program in women with long COVID dysautonomia symptoms","authors":"Elizabeth Vandenbogaart ,&nbsp;Matthew Figueroa ,&nbsp;Diana Winston ,&nbsp;Steve Cole ,&nbsp;Julienne Bower ,&nbsp;Jeffrey J. Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The symptom burden for patients with Long COVID-associated dysautonomia is high, yet there are currently no effective treatments. Mindfulness programs reduce psychological and physical symptoms as well as inflammatory gene expression in a variety of medical conditions. The study aim was to evaluate the effect of a six-week mindfulness program in women with Long COVID dysautonomia symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a single arm, pre- and posttest design, women aged 18–54 years with Long COVID and orthostatic intolerance suggestive of dysautonomia were recruited from a single center. Participants attended a standardized, six-week, virtual mindfulness program. An active stand test and 6-min walk test (6MWT) were performed at baseline and post-intervention. Self-reported measures of physical and mental health symptoms collected at baseline, post-intervention and 4 week follow up included the composite autonomic symptom score (COMPASS-31), perceived stress (PSS), anxiety (GAD7), depression (PHQ8), COVID-19 event specific distress (IES-R), fatigue (FSI), sleep (ISI), well-being (MHC-SF), resilience (CD-RISC 10), and quality of life (SF-20). The effects on conserved transcriptional response to adversity (CTRA) were examined by next-generation sequencing of dried whole blood samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty participants were enrolled with a mean age of 39.9 years (range 21–52 years). No significant changes were observed for the active stand test or 6MWT. A significant reduction in insomnia severity (ISI: 16.6 vs. 13.6; p = 0.001) was observed post-intervention, but scores reverted toward baseline levels at 4-week follow-up. No significant improvements were seen in autonomic symptoms, anxiety, perceived stress, depression, well-being, or COVID-19 related distress. Pro-inflammatory CTRA gene expression decreased significantly from pre-to post-intervention (<em>p</em> = 0.004). Declines in CTRA gene expression were most significant among those with 3 COVID-19 positive events (<em>p</em> = 0.01), followed by 2 events (p = 0.04) and 1 event (p = 0.05). Declines in CTRA gene expression did not vary significantly as a function of recent illness, COVID-19 hospitalization, demographic characteristics, or general medical history.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A virtual, six-week mindfulness program may improve sleep quality in women with Long COVID dysautonomia. While no objective improvement in dysautonomia symptoms were observed, our findings suggest a favorable effect of the mindfulness intervention on inflammatory and antiviral biology with a decrease in CTRA gene expression. Nonetheless, the symptom burden in this population is very high, and more attention is needed to provide effective multi-modal clinical therapies to this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100963"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune-neuroendocrine crosstalk in mood and psychotic disorders: A meta-analysis and systematic review","authors":"Minne Van Den Noortgate ,&nbsp;Filip Van Den Eede ,&nbsp;Violette Coppens ,&nbsp;Erik J. Giltay ,&nbsp;Livia De Picker ,&nbsp;Manuel Morrens","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100965","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Bidirectional interactions between immune and neuroendocrine mechanisms are involved in mood and psychotic disorders, although individual studies report inconsistent and even contradictory findings on the nature of this crosstalk. Our objective was to perform an up to date systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and immune system functioning in mood and psychotic disorders.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We searched the Pubmed, Web of Science and Embase databases for studies reporting correlations between one or more HPA- and immune markers (IM) in patients with mood or psychotic disorders. We analyzed unchallenged correlations as well as challenge studies investigating the HPA-immune interaction through dexamethasone (DEX) and/or CRH suppression, HPA-mediated challenge of immune cell proliferation, immune challenges, or psychological stressors. Finally, genetic studies focusing on HPA x immune interrelation were evaluated. For meta-analyzable data, three primary outcome measures were defined for immune functioning, namely the pro-inflammatory index (PII) and anti-inflammatory index (AII) for the molecular IM and a composite cellular immune marker score (CCIM) for the cellular IM. Secondary analyses were performed for the individual molecular and cellular IM. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; statistic. Meta-regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of potential covariates (publication year, gender, age, symptom severity) on the primary outcome analyses.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;93 studies (n = 8226) were included, of which 50 (n = 5649) contained meta-analyzable data. The majority of the included studies (k = 72) investigated major depressive disorder (MDD) patients, nineteen schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and six bipolar disorder (BD). Under physiological conditions, a poor association was found between cortisol and the PII only in the unmedicated subsample of MDD (k = 8; n = 425; r = .205; z = 2.151; p = .031) and the medicated subsample of SSD (k = 4; n = 152; r = .0.237; z = 2.314; p = .021). No significant correlation was found in MDD between the AII and cortisol (k = 3; n = 1243; r = .005; z = .188; p = .851). Similar results were found for the association between immune cell numbers and cortisol in both MDD (k = 10; n = 773; r = −.005; z = −.113; p = .894) and SSD (k = 4; n = 99; r = .167; z = 1.356; p = .175). A total of 42 studies discussed post-challenge associations between immune alterations and HPA disturbances, of which 12 (n = 389; all MDD) contained meta-analyzable data and 37 entered the systematic review (n = 1783). No post-DEX correlations were found between cortisol and PII (k = 3; n = 105; r = .074; z = .355; p = .722) or CCIM (k = 5; n = 259; r = −.153; z = −1.294; p = .196). However, a significant association was found between post-DEX cortisol/ACTH and PII produced by sti","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100965"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does chronic psychosocial distress induce pain? Focus on neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity changes","authors":"Barbara Fülöp ,&nbsp;Éva Borbély ,&nbsp;Zsuzsanna Helyes","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic primary pain including fibromyalgia for the musculoskeletal system persists for more than 3 months. Its etiological factors and the pathophysiological mechanisms are not known, and therefore, there is no satisfactory therapy, it is an unmet medical need condition. The only etiological and aggravating factor is chronic psychosocial distress, which is known to cause neuroimmune and endocrine changes both in the periphery and the central nervous system. In this short review, we introduce our research perspective by summarizing the recent literature on the interactions between chronic pain, stress, and commonly co-morbid mood disorders. Immune activation, autoimmunity, neuro-immune-vascular crosstalks and neuroinflammation play roles in the pathophysiology of these conditions. Data on stress-induced neuroplasticity changes at cellular and molecular levels were also collected in relation to chronic primary pain both from clinical studies and animal experiments of translational relevance. Understanding these mechanisms could help to identify novel therapeutic targets for chronic primary pain including fibromyalgia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding, predicting, and treating depression in pregnancy to improve mothers' and offspring's mental health outcomes: The HappyMums study","authors":"A. Biaggi ,&nbsp;V. Zonca ,&nbsp;C. Anacker ,&nbsp;V. Begni ,&nbsp;F. Benedetti ,&nbsp;A. Bramante ,&nbsp;A. Braniecka ,&nbsp;V. Brenna ,&nbsp;M. Bulgheroni ,&nbsp;C. Buss ,&nbsp;L. Cavaliere ,&nbsp;C.A.M. Cecil ,&nbsp;A.C. Couch ,&nbsp;D. de Barra ,&nbsp;H. El Marroun ,&nbsp;S. Entringer ,&nbsp;R. Grassi-Oliveira ,&nbsp;M. Jackowska ,&nbsp;A. Korosi ,&nbsp;P.J.C. Kwant ,&nbsp;A. Cattaneo","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Perinatal depression is common: on average, more than 13% of women suffer from physician-diagnosed disorder and 20% report symptoms bearing clinical relevance. Maternal depression not only significantly impacts women's quality of life but also increases the offspring's risk of negative developmental outcomes, including mental disorders, through a combination of maternal alterations in <em>in-utero</em> biology and postnatal rearing factors during the early period of life. The HappyMums project aims to improve our understanding of perinatal depression by identifying the factors that robustly predict risk and resilience in mothers and their offspring, determining underlying neurobiological mechanisms, and, finally, testing the efficacy of potential interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>HappyMums will use data from a large collection of cohorts and registries containing biological, clinical, socio-demographic, environmental, and lifestyle data. It will pool unique human samples of maternal blood, placenta, chorionic villi and amniotic fluid, analyzing these data alongside pre-clinical samples of brain, blood and placental tissue from models of prenatal stress in mice and livebearing fish for correlative analyses. HappyMums will develop a mobile application (App) to collect multiple data types from women for early screening and monitoring of depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings generated by HappyMums will be clinically relevant as they will increase the knowledge on perinatal depression, with unprecedented benefits for the offspring and the society as a whole.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100961"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in the peripheral levels of cytokines during 12-month antipsychotic treatment in a drug-naïve schizophrenia spectrum cohort","authors":"I. Ratke ,&nbsp;A. Torsvik ,&nbsp;C.A. Bartz-Johannessen ,&nbsp;F. Fathian ,&nbsp;I. Joa ,&nbsp;S.M. Klæbo Reitan ,&nbsp;E.M. Løberg ,&nbsp;M. Rettenbacher ,&nbsp;S. Skrede ,&nbsp;V.M. Steen ,&nbsp;E. Johnsen ,&nbsp;R.A. Kroken","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2025.100959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There are substantial sex differences in schizophrenia. However, research addressing sex differences regarding the antipsychotic effect on the immune system is lacking. The aim of our study was to compare changes in cytokine levels in men and women with schizophrenia spectrum disorder over 12 months of treatment with antipsychotics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study reports pre-planned secondary outcomes from the BeSt InTro Study – a pragmatic, semi-randomised, rater-blinded comparison of amisulpride, aripiprazole, and olanzapine. The groups were analysed collectively. Of the 144 enrolled patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and ongoing psychosis, 56 were antipsychotic-naïve at baseline (20 women and 36 men) and were included in this study. Blood samples from these 56 patients were drawn at baseline, prior to treatment with antipsychotics, and 1, 3, 6, 12, 26, 39, and 52 weeks after initiation of antipsychotic medication. Duration of treatment was 52 weeks. Serum cytokine levels were assessed with a multiplex immunoassay. Changes in the levels of IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17A, IFN-γ and CRP from baseline to the different follow-up times were analysed using linear mixed effects models separately for men and women, and then compared.</div></div><div><h3>Outcomes</h3><div>Cytokine levels were mainly stable in men during the study period. In women, IL-4 levels were lower at baseline compared with men (p = 0.048) and showed a consistent and significant increase at weeks 6 (p = 0.006), 26 (p &lt; 0.001), 39 (p = 0.002), and 52 (p = 0.001). TNF-α increased in women at weeks 26 (p = 0.008) and 39 (p = 0.012). IL-6 had a transient increase in women at weeks 12 (p = 0.003) and 26 (p = 0.007). There were significant sex differences in progression of cytokine levels at weeks 3 (IL-6: p = 0.046), 6 (IL-4: p = 0.022, IL-6: p = 0.015), 12 (IL-6: p = 0.01), 26 (IL-4: p &lt; 0.001, IL-6: p = 0.015, TNF-α: p = 0.026), 39 (IL-4: p = 0.003, TNF-α: p = 0.023) and 52 (IL-4: p &lt; 0.001, TNF-α: p = 0.009). CRP levels did not differ between sexes at baseline or during the study period and did not change significantly during treatment with antipsychotics in either sex.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>We found significant sex differences in serum cytokine changes in drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia during treatment with antipsychotics. Cytokine levels were mainly altered in women, with increased IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. Cytokine changes may dramatically affect mental as well as somatic health. Our findings add to already established sex differences in schizophrenia pathophysiology and might have a potential role for future treatment guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>The Research Council of Norway, the Western Norway Regional Health Trust, and the participating hospitals and universities provided funding for this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100959"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein with neuropsychological outcomes and cerebral white matter hyperintensities in older adults at risk of dementia","authors":"Rachael Yu ,&nbsp;Shawn D. Kong ,&nbsp;Catriona Ireland ,&nbsp;Genevieve Z. Steiner-Lim ,&nbsp;Kimberley Bassett ,&nbsp;Hannes Almgren ,&nbsp;Dongang Wang ,&nbsp;Chenyu Wang ,&nbsp;Johannes C. Michaelian ,&nbsp;Sharon L. Naismith","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammation is becoming increasingly recognised as a core feature of dementia with evidence indicating that its role may vary and adapt across different stages of the neurodegenerative process. This study aimed to investigate whether the associations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) with neuropsychological performance (verbal memory, executive function, processing speed) and cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) differed between older adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD; <em>n</em> = 179) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI; <em>n</em> = 286). Fasting serum hs-CRP concentrations were grouped into low (&lt;1.0 mg/L), moderate (1.0–3.0 mg/L), and high (&gt;3.0–10.0 mg/L). Structural MRI scans were used to estimate WMH lesion volumes in the whole brain, as well as periventricular, deep white matter, and frontal regions. After adjusting for relevant demographic and clinical factors, multiple regression analyses revealed that in participants with SCD, high hs-CRP concentrations were significantly associated with poorer executive function (β[95% CI] = −.20[−.65, −.04], <em>p</em> = .025) and processing speed (β[95% CI] = −.19[−.53, .00], <em>p</em> = .048). Exploratory analyses suggested that this effect may be specific to APOE-ε4 non-carriers only. There were no significant associations between hs-CRP and neuropsychological outcomes in those with MCI. Hs-CRP was not associated with WMH volumes. Our findings suggest that hs-CRP may be involved in early disruptions to cerebral frontal-subcortical pathways, particularly in APOE-ε4 non-carriers, though this association may be independent of white matter lesions. In the earliest stages of cognitive decline where subjective complaints are paramount, addressing inflammation may offer potential benefits for supporting cognitive health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11728901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early life psychosocial stress increases binge-like ethanol consumption and CSF1R inhibition prevents stress-induced alterations in microglia and brain macrophage population density","authors":"Stephen C. Gironda ,&nbsp;Samuel W. Centanni,&nbsp;Jeffrey L. Weiner","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early life stress (ELS) has lasting consequences on microglia and brain macrophage function. During ELS, microglia and brain macrophages alter their engagement with synapses leading to changes in neuronal excitability. Further, ELS can induce innate immune memory formation in microglia and brain macrophages resulting in altered responsivity to future environmental stimuli. These alterations can result in lasting adaptations in circuit function and may mediate the relationship between ELS and the risk to develop alcohol use disorder (AUD). Whether microglia and brain macrophages truly mediate this relationship remains elusive. Here, we report: 1) an ELS model, psychosocial stress (PSS), increases binge-like ethanol consumption in early adulthood. 2) Repeated binge-like ethanol consumption increases microglia and brain macrophage population densities across the brain. 3) PSS may elicit innate immune memory formation in microglia and brain macrophages leading to altered population densities following repeated binge-like ethanol consumption. 4) Microglia and brain macrophage inhibition trended towards preventing PSS-evoked changes in binge-like ethanol consumption and normalized microglia and brain macrophage population densities. Therefore, our study suggests that acutely inhibiting microglia and brain macrophage function during periods of early life PSS may prevent innate immune memory formation and assist in reducing the risk to develop AUD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease management teams in oncology: State of the art and the experience of a scientific institute of hospitalization and treatment (IRCCS) in Rome, Italy","authors":"Marialuisa Appetecchia ,&nbsp;Carlotta Amantea ,&nbsp;Marco Canfora ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Petrone ,&nbsp;Gennaro Ciliberto ,&nbsp;Ermete Gallo ,&nbsp;Laura Figorilli","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This article analyzes the main coordination needs linked to the diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases, presenting the various integration tools that our healthcare organization adopted to guarantee continuity of care at the IRCCS IFO (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri) in Rome. The object of investigation is the disease management team (DMT) organization for the diagnosis and treatment of people suffering from oncological disease and the consequences in terms of improving their management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study focuses, in particular, on the analysis of the different organizational methods chosen for the management of activities related to diagnosis and treatment paths.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results, although preliminary, highlight a great variability in the adoption of integrated organizational models by the different DMTs compatible with the heterogeneity of oncological diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of this study have highlighted that, despite the diversity of the different DMTs created for different oncological pathologies, DMTs guarantee a patient-centered approach and the creation of shared databases, which facilitates the evaluation of progress and the identification of areas for improvement. This analysis has allowed us to obtain a useful map of the models used by the different DMTs, also laying the foundations for more precise evaluations of their effectiveness. The correct evaluation of the effectiveness of DMTs acquires great importance today, especially if we consider that empirical evidence is not yet in agreement on the real effectiveness of this tool with respect to both the qualitative dimension and the efficiency of interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11713733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectory of peripheral inflammation during index ECT in association with clinical outcomes in treatment-resistant depression","authors":"Christina M. Hough ,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Kruse ,&nbsp;Randall T. Espinoza ,&nbsp;John O. Brooks III ,&nbsp;Eliza J. Congdon ,&nbsp;Viviane Norris ,&nbsp;Michelle G. Craske ,&nbsp;Katherine L. Narr","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly efficacious intervention for severe and intractable depression. Evidence suggests ECT provokes an initial acute inflammatory response that subsequently decreases with repeated administration. However, relationships between inflammatory changes and clinical effects are unclear. Improved understanding of these processes may provide critical insight into effective intervention for treatment-resistant depression (TRD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Plasma inflammatory markers were assessed at pre-treatment (T1), after the second ECT session (T2), and after ECT index series completion (post-treatment/T3) in TRD (n = 40). Changes were examined over time and in association with post-treatment Responder/Non-responder status (≥50% reduction in global depression severity) and percent change in affective, cognitive and neurovegetative depressive symptom domains.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) increased from pre-treatment to T2, and decreased from T2 to post-treatment. Neither early (%T2-T1) nor total (%T1-T3) change in inflammation predicted clinical outcomes, however, the interaction between early/acute inflammatory response and post-treatment inflammation (relative to baseline) was associated with clinical outcomes. Larger initial increases in IL-6 predicted greater reductions in both affective and cognitive symptoms in subjects with higher post-treatment IL-6; those with lower post-treatment IL-6 trended toward the opposite. The same was found between changes in CRP and neurovegetative symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Though preliminary, these results demonstrate how processes involved in the acute inflammatory response to ECT may differentially influence clinical outcomes depending on overall trajectory of inflammation following ECT. Findings also highlight the importance of examining symptom-specific changes in depression when studying treatment mechanisms, rather than relying solely on global measures of severity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100925"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring salivary cortisol in biobehavioral research: A systematic review and methodological considerations","authors":"Fanghong Dong ,&nbsp;Justine S. Sefcik ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Euiler ,&nbsp;Nancy A. Hodgson","doi":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The assessment of salivary cortisol in community settings has gained popularity in biobehavioral research due to its noninvasive sampling, ease of handling and storage, and suitability for repeated sampling in short intervals. Ensuring consistent methodological practices for salivary cortisol is essential. This systematic review critically examines salivary cortisol collection procedures, data cleaning, and analysis to better understand its role in biobehavioral research within community populations. Fifty-eight articles met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated significant variability in study designs and cortisol measurement procedures, particularly regarding the biobehavioral role of cortisol, sampling periods, covariate considerations, cortisol analysis parameters, and data analysis plans. The review highlights commonly used and promising study designs while identifying methodological issues in cortisol measurement and analysis that should be addressed to improve comparability in future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72454,"journal":{"name":"Brain, behavior, & immunity - health","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}