Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands)最新文献_第9页

The Role of Lipid Metabolism for Neural Stem Cell Regulation. 脂质代谢对神经干细胞调控的作用

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-160035

Marlen Knobloch

引用次数: 0

Autophagy and Adult Neurogenesis: Discoveries Made Half a Century Ago Yet in their Infancy of being Connected. 自噬和成人神经发生:半个世纪前的发现，但还处于联系的初期。

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-170047

Jagroop Dhaliwal, Laura Trinkle-Mulcahy, Diane C Lagace

引用次数: 12

Non-canonical post-transcriptional RNA regulation of neural stem cell potential. 非规范转录后RNA对神经干细胞电位的调控。

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-170046

Chiara Rolando, Verdon Taylor

{"title":"Non-canonical post-transcriptional RNA regulation of neural stem cell potential.","authors":"Chiara Rolando, Verdon Taylor","doi":"10.3233/BPL-170046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BPL-170046","url":null,"abstract":"Adult brain structures and complexity emerge from a single layer of neuroepithelial cells that early during the development give rise to neural stem cells (NSCs). NSCs persist in restricted regions of the postnatal brain where they support neurogenesis throughout life thus allowing brain plasticity and adaptation. NSC regulation involves a precise coordination of intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that finely modulate the neurogenic process. Here we will discuss new mechanisms of post-transcriptional gene regulation that act in the embryonic and adult brain to regulate NSC maintenance and differentiation. In our recent work we found that the RNAaseIII Drosha not only regulates microRNA production, but also directly affects the stability of mRNAs and thereby controls proteome composition. This non-canonical (miRNA-independent) function of Drosha is central in the maintenance and fate choices made by adult hippocampal NSCs in the healthy brain. We found that Drosha targets the mRNA of the gliogenic transcription factor Nuclear Factor I/B and thereby blocks its expression in the NSCs. In the absence of Drosha, NSCs aberrantly differentiate into oligodendrocytes and are lost leading to an impairment of neurogenesis. Overall these findings reveal an unprecedented Drosha-mediated post-transcriptional mechanism for the regulation of hippocampal NSC potential.","PeriodicalId":72451,"journal":{"name":"Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"3 1","pages":"111-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BPL-170046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36101977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

miRNA-Mediated Regulation of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis; Implications for Epilepsy. miRNA 介导的成人海马神经发生调控；对癫痫的启示

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-160036

Pascal Bielefeld, Catherine Mooney, David C Henshall, Carlos P Fitzsimons

引用次数: 0

Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis 2.0 - Beyond Signaling Pathways and Transcriptional Regulators. 成人神经发生2.0的调控-超越信号通路和转录调节因子。

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-179001

Helena Mira, D Chichung Lie

{"title":"Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis 2.0 - Beyond Signaling Pathways and Transcriptional Regulators.","authors":"Helena Mira, D Chichung Lie","doi":"10.3233/BPL-179001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BPL-179001","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of adult neurogenesis added a new layer of complexity to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying plasticity in the adult mammalian brain. After more than five decades of research, studies in adult rodents combining genetic and pharmacologic manipulations of neurogenesis with behavioral analyses have now convincingly proven that the life-long generation of new neurons in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, in the subventricular zone/olfactory bulb system, and potentially in the hypothalamus, is critical for neural circuit plasticity and for adaptation of the organism to a changing environment. Furthermore, analyses of preclinical models for human diseases not only suggest that perturbation of adult neurogenesis contributes to the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment and emotional symptoms in ageing, neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases but also raise the possibility that ameliorating neurogenesis deficits may be of considerable therapeutic benefit. Boosted by the proof that substantial generation of neurons occurs in some areas of the postnatal and adult human brain [1–4],","PeriodicalId":72451,"journal":{"name":"Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BPL-179001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36102057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Genomic Imprinting and the Regulation of Postnatal Neurogenesis. 基因组印迹与出生后神经发生的调控。

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-160041

Anna Lozano-Ureña, Raquel Montalbán-Loro, Anne C Ferguson-Smith, Sacri R Ferrón

{"title":"Genomic Imprinting and the Regulation of Postnatal Neurogenesis.","authors":"Anna Lozano-Ureña, Raquel Montalbán-Loro, Anne C Ferguson-Smith, Sacri R Ferrón","doi":"10.3233/BPL-160041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BPL-160041","url":null,"abstract":"Most genes required for mammalian development are expressed from both maternally and paternally inherited chromosomal homologues. However, there are a small number of genes known as \"imprinted genes\" that only express a single allele from one parent, which is repressed on the gene from the other parent. Imprinted genes are dependent on epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and post-translational modifications of the DNA-associated histone proteins to establish and maintain their parental identity. In the brain, multiple transcripts have been identified which show parental origin-specific expression biases. However, the mechanistic relationship with canonical imprinting is unknown. Recent studies on the postnatal neurogenic niches raise many intriguing questions concerning the role of genomic imprinting and gene dosage during postnatal neurogenesis, including how imprinted genes operate in concert with signalling cues to contribute to newborn neurons' formation during adulthood. Here we have gathered the current knowledge on the imprinting process in the neurogenic niches. We also review the phenotypes associated with genetic mutations at particular imprinted loci in order to consider the impact of imprinted genes in the maintenance and/or differentiation of the neural stem cell pool in vivo and during brain tumour formation.","PeriodicalId":72451,"journal":{"name":"Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"3 1","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BPL-160041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36101975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

DNA Methylation and Adult Neurogenesis. DNA 甲基化与成人神经发生

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-160034

Emily M Jobe, Xinyu Zhao

{"title":"DNA Methylation and Adult Neurogenesis.","authors":"Emily M Jobe, Xinyu Zhao","doi":"10.3233/BPL-160034","DOIUrl":"10.3233/BPL-160034","url":null,"abstract":"The role of DNA methylation in brain development is an intense area of research because the brain has particularly high levels of CpG and mutations in many of the proteins involved in the establishment, maintenance, interpretation, and removal of DNA methylation impact brain development and/or function. These include DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), Ten-Eleven Translocation (TET), and Methyl-CpG binding proteins (MBPs). Recent advances in sequencing breadth and depth as well the detection of different forms of methylation have greatly expanded our understanding of the diversity of DNA methylation in the brain. The contributions of DNA methylation and associated proteins to embryonic and adult neurogenesis will be examined. Particular attention will be given to the impact on adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), which is a key mechanism contributing to brain plasticity, learning, memory and mood regulation. DNA methylation influences multiple aspects of neurogenesis from stem cell maintenance and proliferation, fate specification, neuronal differentiation and maturation, and synaptogenesis. In addition, DNA methylation during neurogenesis has been shown to be responsive to many extrinsic signals, both under normal conditions and during disease and injury. Finally, crosstalk between DNA methylation, Methyl-DNA binding domain (MBD) proteins such as MeCP2 and MBD1 and histone modifying complexes is used as an example to illustrate the extensive interconnection between these epigenetic regulatory systems.","PeriodicalId":72451,"journal":{"name":"Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"3 1","pages":"5-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/bc/75/bpl-3-bpl160034.PMC5928553.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36102061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitochondrial Metabolism-Mediated Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis. 线粒体代谢介导的成人神经发生调控。

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-170044

Ruth Beckervordersandforth

{"title":"Mitochondrial Metabolism-Mediated Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis.","authors":"Ruth Beckervordersandforth","doi":"10.3233/BPL-170044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/BPL-170044","url":null,"abstract":"The life-long generation of new neurons from radial glia-like neural stem cells (NSCs) is achieved through a stereotypic developmental sequence that requires precise regulatory mechanisms to prevent exhaustion or uncontrolled growth of the stem cell pool. Cellular metabolism is the new kid on the block of adult neurogenesis research and the identity of stage-specific metabolic programs and their impact on neurogenesis turns out to be an emerging research topic in the field. Mitochondrial metabolism is best known for energy production but it contains a great deal more. Mitochondria are key players in a variety of cellular processes including ATP synthesis through functional coupling of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, recycling of hydrogen carriers, biosynthesis of cellular building blocks, and generation of reactive oxygen species that can modulate signaling pathways in a redox-dependent fashion. In this review, I will discuss recent findings describing stage-specific modulations of mitochondrial metabolism within the adult NSC lineage, emphasizing its importance for NSC self-renewal, proliferation of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs), cell fate decisions, and differentiation and maturation of newborn neurons. I will furthermore summarize the important role of mitochondrial dysfunction in tissue regeneration and ageing, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for regenerative medicine practice.","PeriodicalId":72451,"journal":{"name":"Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","volume":"3 1","pages":"73-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3233/BPL-170044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36101973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 63

Neural Stem Cell Activation and the Role of Protein Synthesis. 神经干细胞活化及蛋白质合成的作用。

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-11-09 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-160038

Avni Baser, Maxim Skabkin, Ana Martin-Villalba

引用次数: 31

The Effects of Acute Exercise on Mood, Cognition, Neurophysiology, and Neurochemical Pathways: A Review. 急性运动对情绪、认知、神经生理学和神经化学通路的影响：综述。

Brain plasticity (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Pub Date : 2017-03-28 DOI: 10.3233/BPL-160040

Julia C Basso, Wendy A Suzuki

引用次数: 0