Biomolecules & biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Intraoperative ultrasound in breast-conserving surgery for palpable breast cancer: Association with surgical margins and resection volume.","authors":"İsmail Zihni, Osman Cem Yilmaz, Meliha Ülkü Güzel","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2026.13831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate determination of surgical margins is a crucial aspect of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for early-stage breast cancer. Traditionally, tumor localization has been performed through palpation followed by frozen section analysis. However, intraoperative ultrasonography (US) presents a practical and cost-effective alternative, particularly for small or poorly palpable lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the use of intraoperative US and surgical outcomes in BCS. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 180 female patients with early-stage breast cancer who underwent surgery from 2020 to 2023, excluding those who received neoadjuvant therapy. Patients were classified into two groups based on the application of intraoperative US. We compared demographic, histopathological, and surgical parameters, including tumor diameter, resection volume, tumor diameter-to-resection volume ratio, closest surgical margin, and the necessity for cavity re-excision. Intraoperative US was utilized in 51.1% of cases (n=92). Tumor size was notably smaller in the intraoperative US group compared to the palpation-guided group (median 15 mm vs. 20 mm, p=0.019). Additionally, the median resection volume was significantly lower in the US group (64.65 cm³ vs. 130.91 cm³, p=0.001). The tumor diameter-to-resection volume ratio was higher in the intraoperative US group (0.03 vs. 0.02, p=0.044), indicating more precise tumor-targeted excision. Cavity re-excision rates were comparable between the two groups (10.9% vs. 15.9%, p=0.482), and no postoperative positive margins were recorded. Intraoperative ultrasonography was associated with adequate surgical margins and reduced resection volumes in breast-conserving surgery, suggesting its potential to enhance tissue preservation without increasing re-excision rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147596171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and risk of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Zhaoping Chu, Jie Li, Fei Tian, Wenfei Wu","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2026.13498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder and a recognized risk factor for endometrial abnormalities. However, the relationship between PCOS and the development of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) and cancer (EC) in women experiencing abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) remains inadequately defined. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between PCOS and the risk of EH/EC in this demographic. We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception until September 15, 2025. Observational studies comparing the risk of EH and/or EC in women with AUB and PCOS to those without PCOS were included. We utilized a random-effects model to pool data, estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the findings and identify potential modifiers. A total of nine retrospective studies involving 6,064 women with AUB were included in this analysis. Among them, 462 (7.6%) had PCOS, while 704 (11.6%) were diagnosed with EH and/or EC. Our results indicated a significant association between PCOS and an increased risk of EH/EC (OR: 3.28, 95% CI: 2.54-4.25; I² = 0%, p < 0.001). This association remained consistent across sensitivity analyses and various subgroups defined by geographic region, menopausal status, analytic model, and study quality. Further analyses demonstrated heightened risks for EH (OR: 3.09, 95% CI: 2.49-3.82, p < 0.001) and EC (OR: 6.98, 95% CI: 4.68-10.40, p < 0.001) in women with PCOS. In conclusion, PCOS is associated with a significantly elevated risk of EH and EC in women with AUB. These findings underscore the necessity for enhanced endometrial surveillance in this high-risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D-galactose-induced osteoporosis in rodents-Model development, skeletal characteristics, and optimal dosing regimens: A scoping review.","authors":"Yuanzhong Wang, Li Lian Goh, Kok-Yong Chin","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2026.13914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>D-galactose has been extensively utilized as a compound to accelerate aging and induce osteoporosis in rodent models. However, variations in dosage, administration routes, and experimental protocols have resulted in inconsistent findings. This scoping review aims to compile preclinical evidence on the use of D-galactose to induce bone loss, with a particular focus on identifying optimal dosing regimens and their specific impacts on skeletal indices. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using predefined terms related to D-galactose-induced osteoporosis in rodents. Eligible studies were selected based on inclusion criteria, concentrating on both in vivo and in vitro models. A total of 44 studies met these criteria, primarily involving rats and mice. D-galactose was administered via subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, or oral routes, with doses ranging from 10 to 10,000 mg/kg/day for durations spanning 20 days to 5 months. The most commonly employed regimen was 200 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks. D-galactose consistently induced osteoporotic changes, including reduced bone mineral density, compromised microarchitecture, decreased biomechanical strength, and alterations in bone turnover markers. These skeletal changes were associated with oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and ferroptosis. Susceptibility to these effects was influenced by sex, species, and age, with male rodents generally exhibiting greater sensitivity. In conclusion, D-galactose serves as an effective model for age-related osteoporosis in rodents, primarily mediated by oxidative stress and accelerated cellular senescence. A regimen of 200 mg/kg/day administered subcutaneously or intraperitoneally for 8 weeks is commonly used to replicate osteoporotic phenotypes. Greater standardization of protocols is necessary to enhance reproducibility and translational relevance in future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic nomogram for overall survival in breast invasive micropapillary carcinoma integrating LODDS and treatment factors: A SEER-based study.","authors":"Ziqiang Wang, Hao Zhang, Haojie Zhang","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2026.13884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is a rare and aggressive histologic subtype characterized by frequent lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. The conventional American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system does not account for treatment modalities or advanced nodal metrics such as the log odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), which may limit prognostic accuracy. This study aimed to develop and internally validate a nomogram integrating clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment variables, and LODDS to predict overall survival (OS) in breast IMPC. Clinicopathologic and survival data from 1,105 patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The entire cohort was used for model development, with bootstrap resampling for internal validation. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariable Cox analysis were used for variable selection and nomogram construction. Model performance was assessed using the optimism-corrected concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curves (CICs), while incremental value over the AJCC TNM system was evaluated by net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Ten prognostic factors were retained in the nomogram: age, tumor size, LODDS, marital status, tumor grade, M stage, rural/urban residence, molecular subtype, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The nomogram showed superior discrimination to TNM staging, with better optimism-corrected C-index and 3-, 5-, and 10-year AUCs (all p < 0.05), significant improvements in NRI and IDI (all p < 0.001), excellent calibration, and greater net clinical benefit on DCA and CICs. Exploratory risk stratification identified high- and low-risk groups with significantly different survival outcomes (log-rank p < 0.001). This nomogram may improve prognostic assessment in breast IMPC, although the risk stratification remains exploratory and requires external validation before clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helper T cells and chemokines in elderly asthma - Mechanisms of airway inflammation and remodeling: A review.","authors":"Youhua Wu","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13875","DOIUrl":"10.17305/bb.2026.13875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elderly bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous, often non-atopic disorder characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling influenced by age-related immune dysregulation. This review aims to elucidate the roles of helper T cells (Th cells) and chemokine networks in driving elderly asthma and to emphasize implications for precise diagnosis and targeted therapy. We performed a narrative synthesis of studies from PubMed and Web of Science (January 2020-December 2025) utilizing the keywords \"elderly asthma,\" \"helper T cells,\" \"chemokines,\" \"airway inflammation,\" and \"immunosenescence,\" focusing on human cohorts aged ≥65 years and aged animal models. The literature reveals that the pathogenesis of elderly asthma is characterized by an imbalance between T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) responses, enhanced T helper 17 (Th17) activity, and diminished regulatory T cell (Treg) function, changes that are exacerbated by immunosenescence. Key chemokine axes-including C-C motif chemokine ligand 11 (CCL11)/C-C chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8)/C-X-C chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) and C-X-C chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)/C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2), C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1)/C-X3-C chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1)/C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12)/C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-facilitate the recruitment of eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes/macrophages, thereby sustaining airway inflammation and remodeling. Overall, Th-chemokine circuits represent actionable targets for biomarker-guided, personalized treatment; however, further mechanistic and clinical validation studies specific to the elderly population are crucial for effective translation into practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1476-1485"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HALP outperforms systemic inflammatory biomarkers for prognosis in locally advanced cervical cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.","authors":"Xiaojun Zhang, Yilin Yin, Tiantian Yang, Yawen Cong, Shengjun Ji, Yutian Zhao, Yan Kong","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13993","DOIUrl":"10.17305/bb.2026.13993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) show substantial heterogeneity in survival outcomes, whereas the comparative prognostic value of systemic inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers remains unclear. This study aimed to compare pretreatment inflammatory biomarkers, identify the most informative prognostic indicator, and develop a practical risk-stratification model for LACC. In this multicenter retrospective study, 290 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIB-IIIC cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated with definitive platinum-based CCRT followed by brachytherapy at two tertiary centers were analyzed. Twelve pretreatment inflammatory and nutritional indices, including the hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP) score, pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), were evaluated for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) using the concordance index (C-index), time-dependent area under the curve (AUC), and Brier score. Cox regression identified independent prognostic factors, and HALP-based nomograms were internally validated. Among all biomarkers, HALP showed the best and most stable prognostic performance for both OS and PFS, with the highest discrimination and lowest prediction error. Low HALP remained independently associated with worse OS and PFS in multivariable analysis (OS: hazard ratio [HR], 1.654; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.165-2.366; PFS: HR, 1.702; 95% CI, 1.233-2.344). Nomograms integrating HALP, tumor size, and human papillomavirus (HPV) status showed good calibration and improved predictive accuracy beyond FIGO stage and the baseline clinical model. HALP may therefore serve as a robust, inexpensive, and clinically accessible biomarker for individualized risk stratification in LACC.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1624-1638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147391730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geraniol alleviates DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis in mice by downregulating IL-4/IL-13 and reducing inflammation.","authors":"Hafsa Nasr, Arham Shabbir, Rabbia Kalim, Aisha Mobashar, Ali F Almutairy, Hamoud Alotaibi, Saleh Alfuraih, Abdulaziz H Alanazi, Sulaiman Mohammed Abdullah Alnasser, Waad Alrohily, Latifah Al Shammari, Tabinda Fatima, Ashfaq Ahmad","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13992","DOIUrl":"10.17305/bb.2026.13992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by recurrent itching, predominantly affecting children but also impacting adults. Geraniol, a monoterpene alcohol found in various aromatic plant-based essential oils, possesses a pleasant rose-like scent. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of geraniol in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis by elucidating its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Mice were subjected to 2% 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) to induce AD, and treated with both oral and topical administrations of prednisolone and geraniol from day 7 to day 19. Macroscopic assessments of ear and dorsal skin, as well as ear thickness, were conducted on days 0, 7, and 19. Total leukocyte count (TLC) and differential leukocyte count (DLC) were measured in blood samples using an automatic hematology analyzer. Ear tissues were analyzed for mRNA expression levels of IL-4 and IL-13 via reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and molecular docking studies were performed to evaluate the binding affinity of geraniol to these cytokines. Histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin staining was conducted on ear and dorsal skin tissues to assess eosinophil and mast cell infiltration, as well as epidermal thickness. The results demonstrated that both oral and topical geraniol significantly alleviated AD-like symptoms. Geraniol treatment led to a reduction in DLC and TLC levels in the blood, as well as downregulation of IL-4 and IL-13 expression in ear tissue. In silico studies revealed that geraniol exhibited moderate binding affinities of -4.5 kcal/mol with IL-4 and -4.9 kcal/mol with IL-13. Histopathological analysis indicated a reduction in epidermal thickness and infiltration of mast cells and eosinophils in geraniol-treated mice. In conclusion, geraniol effectively alleviated atopic dermatitis in mice by reducing clinical scores, inflammatory cell infiltration, epidermal thickening, and regional downregulation of IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA expression. The in silico docking studies support the hypothesis of a potential Th2-modulatory effect of geraniol.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1639-1651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147438050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"30-day mortality prediction in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: Incremental value of the prognostic nutritional index with ABC and Rockall scores.","authors":"Murat Das, Ozge Kurtkulagi, Ece Unal Cetin, Hakan Kayan, Senem Guler, Ferhan Demirer Aydemir, Feyza Mutlay, Adil Ugur Çetİn, Yavuz Beyazit","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13995","DOIUrl":"10.17305/bb.2026.13995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mortality risk among patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with acute upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is heterogeneous, underscoring the importance of early identification of high-risk individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic performance of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in predicting 30-day mortality and to determine whether incorporating PNI into established risk markers enhances prognostic accuracy. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from 619 patients with acute upper GI bleeding who presented to a tertiary university hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2024. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were extracted from medical records. PNI was calculated using serum albumin and lymphocyte count at the time of admission, with the primary outcome being 30-day mortality. Predictors of mortality were examined using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. The incremental prognostic value of PNI was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and the DeLong test. The median age of participants was 74.0 years (interquartile range: 63.0-81.0), and 38% of the patients were female. The observed 30-day mortality rate was 7.9%. Non-survivors displayed significantly lower PNI levels compared to survivors (37.6 vs. 43.6; p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, PNI (odds ratio [OR]: 0.847 [0.765-0.938]), lactate level (OR: 1.225 [1.047-1.434]), and the ABC score (OR: 1.201 [1.053-1.370]) were identified as independent predictors of mortality. The risk of mortality increased substantially when low PNI was combined with a high ABC score or elevated lactate level. Incorporating PNI into a baseline model resulted in a modest increase in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) from 0.708 to 0.774 (p = 0.049). In conclusion, PNI serves as an independent predictor of 30-day mortality in patients with acute upper GI bleeding. Its integration with existing risk scores may enhance prognostic discrimination and facilitate early risk stratification in the ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1614-1623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147379703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologic therapy in geriatric psoriasis: 6-month real-world data on PASI, inflammatory indices, and hepatitis B/tuberculosis safety.","authors":"Esranur Ünal, Beste Pakırdaşı, Selma Emre, Muhammed Burak Yücel, Burak Celik, Esma Nur Özbek, Nurşah Gedikli, Atıl Avcı, Ragıp Ertaş, Orhan Yıldız","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13927","DOIUrl":"10.17305/bb.2026.13927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Real-world evidence regarding biologic therapy in geriatric psoriasis is limited, particularly concerning systemic inflammatory burden and infection-related safety. This study evaluates the clinical efficacy of biologic therapy and its impact on systemic inflammatory indices while emphasizing safety related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) serology and tuberculosis screening. We conducted a retrospective analysis of eighty biologic-naïve patients aged 65 years and older with plaque psoriasis undergoing biologic therapy. Patients were categorized by biologic class: tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitors, interleukin-17 inhibitors, an interleukin-12/23 inhibitor, and interleukin-23 inhibitors. The primary outcomes included changes in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores and blood count-derived inflammatory indices over time (baseline and 6 months). Secondary outcomes encompassed changes in HBV serologic status and QuantiFERON-TB (QFT) results. Data analysis utilized longitudinal mixed-effects models for repeated measures. Blood count-derived inflammatory indices, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), were assessed at baseline and 6 months, alongside HBV serology and QFT results. PASI scores demonstrated significant improvement over time (p < 0.001), with no notable differences among biologic classes after adjusting for baseline covariates. Significant time effects were observed for all inflammatory indices (all p < 0.001), with significant group × time interactions noted for SII and NLR (both p < 0.05). Variability in HBV serologic markers and QFT results was observed during follow-up; however, no cases of active tuberculosis or clinically overt hepatitis were identified. In conclusion, biologic therapy led to substantial clinical improvement in geriatric psoriasis, accompanied by reductions in systemic inflammatory indices over a 6-month period, without evidence of clinically overt hepatitis or active tuberculosis during follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1584-1594"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147357863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma p-tau217, p-tau181 and Aβ42/40 for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis: ROC accuracy and 18F-florbetapir amyloid PET-CT concordance.","authors":"Zhengying Jing, Rong Wang, Chunmei Zhao, Jiawei Ma, Guisheng Chen","doi":"10.17305/bb.2026.13556","DOIUrl":"10.17305/bb.2026.13556","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents significant challenges. This study assessed the diagnostic utility of seven plasma biomarkers and PET-CT imaging in cognitively healthy individuals (HC), those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD patients. Seventy participants (20 with MCI, 35 with AD, and 15 HC) underwent plasma testing for amyloid-beta 40 (Aβ40), amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42), the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), p-tau217, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL), along with cognitive assessments using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Statistical comparisons among groups were performed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. Spearman's correlation coefficient was applied to examine the relationships between biomarkers and MMSE scores. Additionally, 18 patients, including 14 with AD and 4 with MCI, underwent 18F-Florbetapir (18F-AV45) PET-CT amyloid imaging. The consistency between plasma biomarkers and PET-CT in detecting amyloid pathology was evaluated using Cohen's Kappa. Plasma Aβ42 levels and the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio were significantly lower in AD patients compared to those with MCI and HC (p<0.05), while levels of p-tau181, p-tau217, NfL, and GFAP were significantly elevated (p<0.05). Aβ42 and the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio exhibited positive correlations with MMSE scores (p<0.01), whereas p-tau181, p-tau217, GFAP, and NfL demonstrated negative correlations (p<0.001). The plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, p-tau181, and p-tau217 levels showed significant concordance with 18F-AV45 PET-CT results for detecting amyloid deposition (p<0.05). A reduced plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, along with increased p-tau181 and p-tau217 levels, is significantly associated with a clinical diagnosis of AD, cognitive decline (as indicated by lower MMSE scores), and positive amyloid deposition on PET-CT. These three core biomarkers, when combined with GFAP and NfL, may enhance diagnostic accuracy for AD in cross-sectional assessments, particularly when integrated with imaging and cognitive evaluations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":"1595-1602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147345814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}