Biomolecules & biomedicine最新文献

Gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis from SEER database. 胃肠道弥漫性大b细胞淋巴瘤：来自SEER数据库的临床特征和预后分析。

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12697

Fang Du, Lingyun Zhou, Runya Fang, Jiao Chen, Danbo Liu, Hongxian Xiang, Wenyi Lu, Jingsong Wu, Haifei Chen

{"title":"Gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Clinical characteristics and prognostic analysis from SEER database.","authors":"Fang Du, Lingyun Zhou, Runya Fang, Jiao Chen, Danbo Liu, Hongxian Xiang, Wenyi Lu, Jingsong Wu, Haifei Chen","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12697","url":null,"abstract":"This study systematically analyzed the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of gastrointestinal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (GI-DLBCL) patients using the SEER database. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to survival analysis, while LASSO regression analysis was utilized to further filter variables. The Pi for interaction was applied to verify the interactions in the multivariate analysis, and total survival risks were distinguished using hierarchical survival curves. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that hazard ratio (HR) values indicated that age over 60 years (HR = 2.85), Ann Arbor stage (stage II: HR = 1.22; stage III: HR = 1.31; stage IV: HR = 1.85), and being widowed (HR = 1.40) were independent poor prognostic factors. In contrast, chemotherapy (HR = 0.37), radiotherapy (HR = 0.84), surgery (HR = 0.86), and lymph node resection (HR = 0.79) were associated with significant survival benefits. Additionally, an intestinal primary site (HR = 0.89), white race (HR = 0.78), and other races (HR = 0.65) were correlated with better prognosis. The nomogram model constructed from these independent prognostic factors demonstrated excellent predictive performance in both the training and validation cohorts, achieving a C-index of 0.71, significantly outperforming the traditional Ann Arbor staging system, which had a C-index of 0.56. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated high discriminative ability for predicting 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year survival rates, with area under curve (AUC) values of 0.746, 0.756, and 0.756, respectively. Decision curve analysis (DCA) further confirmed the model's significant clinical net benefit across a wide range of threshold probabilities. The nomogram model developed in this study, based on extensive SEER database data, effectively predicts the prognosis of GI-DLBCL patients and provides a quantitative tool for individualized treatment.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144593049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond BMI: An opinion on the clinical value of AI-powered CT body composition analysis. 超越BMI：论人工智能CT身体成分分析的临床价值

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12774

Matej Pekar, Marek Kantor, Jakub Balusik, Jan Hecko, Piotr Branny

{"title":"Beyond BMI: An opinion on the clinical value of AI-powered CT body composition analysis.","authors":"Matej Pekar, Marek Kantor, Jakub Balusik, Jan Hecko, Piotr Branny","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12774","url":null,"abstract":"Body Mass Index (BMI) has long been used as a standard measure for assessing population-level health risks, but its clinical adequacy has increasingly been called into question. This opinion paper challenges the clinical adequacy of BMI and presents AI-enhanced CT body composition analysis as a superior alternative for individualized risk assessment. While BMI serves population-level screening, its inability to differentiate between tissue types leads to critical misclassifications, particularly for sarcopenic obesity. AI-powered analysis of CT imaging at the L3 vertebra level provides precise quantification of skeletal muscle index, visceral, and subcutaneous adipose tissues -metrics that consistently outperform BMI in predicting outcomes across oncology, cardiology, and critical care. Recent technological advances have transformed this approach: the \"opportunistic\" use of existing clinical CT scans eliminates radiation concerns, while AI automation has reduced analysis time from 15-20 minutes to mere seconds. These innovations effectively address previous implementation barriers and enable practical clinical application with minimal resource demands, creating opportunities for targeted interventions and personalized care pathways.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144593047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Body weight and BMI variability linked to dementia risk: A meta-analysis. 体重和BMI变异与痴呆风险相关：一项荟萃分析。

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12626

Sitian Fang, Lewei Guan, Huimin Jian, Xijian Dai, Lianggeng Gong

{"title":"Body weight and BMI variability linked to dementia risk: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Sitian Fang, Lewei Guan, Huimin Jian, Xijian Dai, Lianggeng Gong","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12626","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging evidence suggests that fluctuations in body weight (BW) or body mass index (BMI), independent of average levels, may influence dementia risk. However, the association between intra-individual variability in BW or BMI and incident dementia remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify this relationship. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was conducted through March 25, 2025, to identify longitudinal observational studies reporting dementia outcomes in relation to BW or BMI variability. Relative risks (RRs) comparing the highest versus lowest variability categories were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity and assess the robustness of the results. Nine cohort studies (10 datasets; 4,232,666 participants) were included. Overall, high BW or BMI variability was associated with a significantly increased risk of dementia (RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.27-1.46; p < 0.001; I² = 84%). The association was consistent for both BW (RR = 1.45) and BMI (RR = 1.34) variability. Subgroup analyses showed stronger associations in prospective studies than in retrospective ones, and in studies that did not adjust for baseline BW/BMI compared to those that did (p for subgroup difference < 0.05). Associations remained robust in sensitivity analyses and across dementia subtypes, including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. No significant publication bias was detected (Egger's test, p = 0.22). In conclusion, greater intra-individual variability in BW or BMI may be independently associated with increased dementia risk. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining weight stability in mid-to-late life as a potential preventive strategy for dementia.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144593048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors compared to sulphonylureas for long-term glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis. 与磺脲类药物相比，SGLT2抑制剂对2型糖尿病长期血糖控制的有效性：一项荟萃分析

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12658

Zhouhong Zhan, Jialiang Wang, Nannan Shen, Xinwen Liu, Lihong Wang

{"title":"Effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors compared to sulphonylureas for long-term glycemic control in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Zhouhong Zhan, Jialiang Wang, Nannan Shen, Xinwen Liu, Lihong Wang","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12658","url":null,"abstract":"Sulphonylureas (SUs) are common glucose-lowering agents used for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, their long-term effectiveness is often limited due to declining β-cell function. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors act independently of insulin, potentially providing more sustained glycemic control. Nonetheless, comparative data regarding the long-term glycemic durability of these two drug classes are limited. We performed a meta-analysis of head-to-head randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy of SGLT2 inhibitors versus SUs in patients with T2DM already receiving metformin therapy. Eligible studies reported HbA1c values at intermediate (24-28 weeks or 48-52 weeks) and final (96-104 weeks or 208 weeks) time points, with a minimum follow-up duration of 96 weeks. Pooled mean differences (MD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects models. Seven comparisons from five RCTs were included in our analysis. Compared with SUs, SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with significantly smaller increases in HbA1c over time. From 24-28 weeks to 96-104 weeks, the pooled MD was -0.28% (95% CI: -0.35 to -0.20; p < 0.001; I² = 0%). From 48-52 weeks to 96-104 weeks, the MD was -0.11% (95% CI: -0.19 to -0.04; p = 0.004; I² = 0%). In longer-term analyses, SGLT2 inhibitors demonstrated sustained benefits from 52 weeks to 208 weeks (MD: -0.22%; 95% CI: -0.34 to -0.10; p < 0.001) and from 104 weeks to 208 weeks (MD: -0.12%; 95% CI: -0.25 to -0.01; p = 0.04). Overall, SGLT2 inhibitors provide superior glycemic durability compared to SUs in patients with T2DM, supporting their preferential use as a second-line therapy after metformin.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of genome-wide DNA methylation and polymorphisms in periodontitis etiology: A narrative review. 全基因组DNA甲基化和多态性在牙周炎病因学中的作用：一个叙述性的回顾。

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12646

Elena Jovanova, Angela Angjelova, Alessandro Polizzi, Gaetano Isola

{"title":"The role of genome-wide DNA methylation and polymorphisms in periodontitis etiology: A narrative review.","authors":"Elena Jovanova, Angela Angjelova, Alessandro Polizzi, Gaetano Isola","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12646","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Recent advancements in genomic and epigenomic research have highlighted the role of genetic polymorphisms and genome-wide DNA methylation in its pathogenesis. DNA methylation regulates gene expression, affecting immune responses and inflammatory pathways, while genetic polymorphisms may predispose individuals to altered host-microbial interactions and increased susceptibility to periodontal destruction. Recent studies have identified promising periodontal biomarkers, including specific genetic and epigenetic markers, that may aid in early diagnosis, risk assessment, and monitoring of disease progression. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms involved in the etiology of periodontitis, with a focus on genome-wide DNA methylation and genetic polymorphisms. It also explores their potential implications for disease pathogenesis, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies. Future research directions include integrative multi-omics approaches to better understand the complex interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Such efforts aim to support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies. Overall, this review underscores the critical role of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and emphasizes the need to translate these findings into clinical practice through molecular diagnostics and personalized treatment approaches.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prognostic value of pan-immune inflammation value in small-cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation. 泛免疫炎症值在放化疗和预防性颅脑照射治疗小细胞肺癌中的预后价值。

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12669

Aybala Nur Ucgul, Huseyin Hazir, Huseyin Bora

{"title":"Prognostic value of pan-immune inflammation value in small-cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy and prophylactic cranial irradiation.","authors":"Aybala Nur Ucgul, Huseyin Hazir, Huseyin Bora","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12669","url":null,"abstract":"Determining prognosis is crucial for treatment selection, especially for prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI), in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). This study evaluates the prognostic value of the pan-immune inflammation value (PIV) in patients with LS-SCLC. We included patients who underwent thoracic chemoradiotherapy (TRT) and PCI at our clinic between July 2012 and April 2024. PIV was calculated as (neutrophil count × platelet count × monocyte count) / lymphocyte count. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal pre-treatment PIV cut-off to divide patients into two groups. Survival outcomes between these groups were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests. Multivariate analyses were conducted using Cox regression. Fifty-nine patients were included in the study. The optimal PIV cut-off was identified as 911 (AUC: 0.60, Sensitivity: 0.31, Specificity: 0.94, J-index: 0.26). Patients were grouped based on PIV levels: low (<911) and high (≥911). Lower PIV levels were significantly associated with improved overall survival (OS) (39 months vs. 10 months, p < 0.001) and intracranial progression-free survival (ICPFS) (not reached vs. 15 months, p < 0.001). The independent prognostic value of PIV was confirmed in multivariate analyses for both OS (p < 0.001) and ICPFS (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that pre-treatment PIV is an independent prognostic marker in LS-SCLC patients undergoing TRT and PCI.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D supplementation for tuberculosis prevention: A meta-analysis. 补充维生素D预防结核病：荟萃分析。

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12527

Sheng Liu, Tianyu Lin, Yanyu Pan

{"title":"Vitamin D supplementation for tuberculosis prevention: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Sheng Liu, Tianyu Lin, Yanyu Pan","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12527","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin D plays an important role in immune regulation, prompting interest in its potential for preventing tuberculosis. However, clinical findings regarding its protective effects against tuberculosis infection and disease remain inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the prevention of tuberculosis infection and the progression to active tuberculosis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases through January 2025. Eligible studies involved participants without active tuberculosis at baseline and reported outcomes related to tuberculosis. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Six RCTs, involving 15,677 participants, met our inclusion criteria. Compared to placebo, vitamin D supplementation did not significantly reduce the risk of tuberculosis infection (5 RCTs; OR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.79-1.14; p = 0.55) or the development of active tuberculosis (4 RCTs; OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.56-1.05; p = 0.10). The certainty of evidence was moderate for both outcomes. Subgroup analyses based on baseline vitamin D levels and duration of follow-up yielded consistent results. The incidence of serious adverse events was comparable between the vitamin D and placebo groups (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.76-1.38; p = 0.87), and none of the serious events were attributed to vitamin D supplementation. In conclusion, vitamin D supplementation does not significantly reduce the risk of tuberculosis infection or progression to active tuberculosis, although it is safe and well tolerated.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of telomere maintenance genes as a predictive biomarker for colorectal cancer immunotherapy response and prognosis. 端粒维持基因作为结直肠癌免疫治疗反应和预后的预测性生物标志物的作用。

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12053

Zhikai Wang, Chunyan Zhao, Yifen Huang, Chong Li

{"title":"Role of telomere maintenance genes as a predictive biomarker for colorectal cancer immunotherapy response and prognosis.","authors":"Zhikai Wang, Chunyan Zhao, Yifen Huang, Chong Li","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12053","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health challenge. Although telomere maintenance plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis, the prognostic value and immunotherapeutic relevance of telomere maintenance genes (TMGs) in CRC remain poorly understood. In this study, relevant data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. TMG scores were calculated using the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) method, and TMGs associated with prognosis were subsequently identified. TCGA-CRC samples were classified into subtypes via consensus clustering (ConsensusClusterPlus). A risk prediction model was then constructed using univariate and Lasso Cox regression analyses. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves generated with the survival package. Key genes were validated in vitro using cellular models. Immune cell infiltration was evaluated through ssGSEA, TIMER, and MCP-Counter tools, and chemotherapy responses were predicted using the pRRophetic package. From 28 prognosis-related TMGs, two distinct CRC subtypes were established, with subtype C1 demonstrating more favorable clinical outcomes. Additionally, a risk model incorporating seven TMG-related genes (CDC25C, CXCL1, RTL8C, FABP4, ITLN1, MUC12, and ERI1) was developed for CRC prognosis. Differential mRNA expression levels of these genes were confirmed between CRC cell lines and normal control cells. Furthermore, silencing MUC12 suppressed CRC cell migration and invasion in vitro. Importantly, CRC patients classified as low-risk exhibited superior responses to immunotherapy, whereas high-risk patients showed increased sensitivity to conventional anti-cancer treatments. This study represents the first systematic evaluation of TMGs in CRC prognosis and immunotherapy, providing novel insights that could inform personalized therapeutic strategies.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling etiology and mortality risks in community-acquired pneumonia: A machine learning approach. 揭示社区获得性肺炎的病因和死亡风险：一种机器学习方法。

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12378

Alaa Ali, Ahmad R Alsayed, Nesrin Seder, Yazun Jarrar, Raed H Altabanjeh, Mamoon Zihlif, Osama Abu Ata, Anas Samara, Malek Zihlif

{"title":"Unveiling etiology and mortality risks in community-acquired pneumonia: A machine learning approach.","authors":"Alaa Ali, Ahmad R Alsayed, Nesrin Seder, Yazun Jarrar, Raed H Altabanjeh, Mamoon Zihlif, Osama Abu Ata, Anas Samara, Malek Zihlif","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12378","url":null,"abstract":"Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with high mortality, and accurate diagnosis and risk prediction are essential for improving patient outcomes. Traditional diagnostic methods have limitations, prompting the use of machine learning (ML) to enhance diagnostic precision and treatment strategies. This study aims to develop ML models to predict CAP etiology and mortality using clinical data to enable early intervention. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 251 adult CAP patients admitted to two Jordanian hospitals between March 2021 and February 2024. Various clinical data were analyzed using ML techniques, including linear regression, random forest, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), lasso regression, mutual information analysis, logistic regression, and correlation analysis. Key predictors of CAP survival included zinc, vitamin C, enoxaparin, and insulin bolus. Mutual information analysis identified neutrophils, alanine transaminase, mean corpuscular volume, hemoglobin, and platelets as significant mortality predictors, while lasso regression highlighted meropenem, arterial blood gases, PCO₂, and platelet count. Logistic regression confirmed intensive care unit (ICU) stay, pH, pulmonary severity index, white blood cell (WBC) count, and bicarbonate levels as crucial variables. Interestingly, lymphocyte count emerged as the strongest predictor of bacterial CAP, conflicting with established knowledge that associates neutrophils with bacterial infections. However, findings related to HCO₃, blood urea nitrogen, and WBC levels were consistent with clinical expectations. SHAP analysis highlighted basophils and fever as key predictors. Further investigation is needed to resolve conflicting findings and optimize predictive models. ML offers promising applications for CAP prognosis but requires refinement to address discrepancies and improve reliability in clinical decision-making.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drosophila melanogaster models for investigating inflammatory bowel disease: Methods, pathology, mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches. 研究炎症性肠病的黑腹果蝇模型：方法、病理、机制和治疗途径。

Biomolecules & biomedicine Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2025.12656

Xinyi Li, Shushen Sun, Xiaoxi Liu, Qinghao Meng, Mengzhe Tian, Jingyi Li, Suxia Ren, Zengyi Huang, Yiwen Wang, Shaoshan Du

{"title":"Drosophila melanogaster models for investigating inflammatory bowel disease: Methods, pathology, mechanisms, and therapeutic approaches.","authors":"Xinyi Li, Shushen Sun, Xiaoxi Liu, Qinghao Meng, Mengzhe Tian, Jingyi Li, Suxia Ren, Zengyi Huang, Yiwen Wang, Shaoshan Du","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12656","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder characterized by chronic gastrointestinal inflammation. This paper examines the use of Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to investigate interactions among the gut microbiota, intestinal stem cells (ISCs), and signaling pathways involved in IBD pathogenesis. Key findings indicate that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota significantly contributes to IBD by altering immune responses and inflammatory signaling, leading to increased intestinal damage. Additionally, ISCs are crucial for intestinal regeneration; their dysregulation exacerbates injury, highlighting their role in maintaining gut homeostasis. Natural compounds, particularly those derived from traditional herbal medicines, show promise in alleviating IBD symptoms by targeting oxidative stress, regulating inflammation, and modulating autophagy, thus promoting ISC homeostasis and restoring microbial balance. This review underscores the intricate relationships among the gut microbiota, ISCs, and inflammatory pathways in IBD, as elucidated through Drosophila studies. The studies summarized here emphasize the need to address microbial imbalances, ISC dysregulation, and inflammatory mechanisms to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Further research is essential to fully elucidate these interactions and inform innovative treatments that improve patient outcomes in IBD management.","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0