Biomolecules & biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Influence of menopause status on T-helper cell profiles in acute myocardial infarction.","authors":"Fernanda Espinosa-Bautista, Varna Ramos-Rosillo, Yadira V Ázquez-Panchos, Fernanda Bocanegra-Zamora, Héctor González-Pacheco, Mariana Patlán, Araceli Páez, Felipe Massó, Luis M Amezcua-Guerra","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estrogens modulate immune responses, particularly the activation and polarization of CD4+ T cells, which play key roles in cardiovascular homeostasis. This proof-of-concept study investigated the effect of menopausal status on the polarization of T-helper (Th) cells in women with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A total of 41 female AMI patients were enrolled-seven premenopausal and 34 postmenopausal-and compared with a group of 17 male AMI patients. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate CD4+ T-cell subsets, including Th1 (T-bet+), Th2 (GATA3+), and Th17 (RORγt+) phenotypes. Serum levels of representative cytokines were also measured. Women exhibited higher numbers of circulating CD4+ T cells compared to men, with a marked shift toward the Th1 phenotype. Postmenopausal women demonstrated increased cardiovascular risk, as indicated by higher QRISK3 and GRACE scores, as well as elevated levels of C-reactive protein and cardiac troponin T compared to premenopausal women. However, menopausal status had minimal impact on Th cell polarization, as no significant differences were observed in the proportions of Th1, Th2, or Th17 subsets between premenopausal and postmenopausal women. Similarly, levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were comparable between the two groups. This proof-of-concept study highlights sex-specific differences in immune responses and inflammatory profiles during AMI. Women exhibited a stronger polarization toward the Th1 phenotype, along with elevated markers of inflammation and myocardial injury. Notably, menopausal status did not significantly affect lymphocyte subpopulations or circulating cytokine levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of a novel inflammatory-nutritional index in glaucoma severity evaluation.","authors":"Xiao Xiao, Yanping Gao, Gao Zhang, Zuo Wang, An Li, Donghua Liu, Jing Fu, Wenbo Xiu, Chang Lu, Jinxia Wang, Xiong Zhu, Yang Chen, Lingling Chen, Bolin Deng, Ping Shuai, Chong He, Fang Lu","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the association between glaucoma and serum albumin (Alb), lymphocyte percentage (LYMPH%), and their combined index (LAP = LYMPH% × Alb), to evaluate their potential as biomarkers for systemic inflammation and disease progression in glaucoma. We enrolled 161 glaucoma patients and 181 healthy controls. Serum Alb and LYMPH% were measured using standard blood biochemistry and routine tests, and LAP was calculated accordingly. Statistical analyses were performed to compare these markers between groups and assess their correlation with disease severity. Both the median serum Alb level and peripheral blood LYMPH% were significantly lower in the glaucoma group compared to controls (Alb: 43.48 g/L vs 44.63 g/L, P < 0.001; LYMPH%: 24.25% vs 29.12%, P < 0.001). Correspondingly, LAP levels were also significantly reduced in glaucoma patients (1053 vs 1298, P < 0.001). Lower LYMPH% and LAP levels were associated with more severe glaucomatous visual impairment (LAP, healthy controls vs glaucoma: AUC = 0.7080, P < 0.001, Max Youden = 0.3621; early vs severe glaucoma: AUC = 0.8061, P < 0.001, Max Youden = 0.5377). In summary, LAP may serve as a supportive biomarker of systemic inflammation in glaucoma. It demonstrates good accuracy in reflecting glaucoma severity and shows potential for monitoring disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of COPD in survival of NSCLC patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Yan Zhu, Chongyang Wang","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains unclear. Given the growing use of ICIs in NSCLC treatment and the high prevalence of COPD among these patients, understanding this relationship is essential. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between COPD and survival outcomes in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to February 10, 2025. Observational studies reporting survival outcomes in NSCLC patients with and without COPD undergoing ICI therapy were included. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model to account for heterogeneity. Thirteen retrospective cohort studies involving 5,564 patients were included. COPD was associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.54-0.85, p < 0.001) and overall survival (OS) (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.95, p = 0.01) in NSCLC patients receiving ICIs. Heterogeneity was moderate (I² = 46% for PFS, I² = 43% for OS). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association between COPD and survival outcomes was consistent across study regions (Asian vs. Western countries), patient age, sex distribution, COPD diagnostic criteria (spirometry, clinical diagnosis, or CT-diagnosed emphysema), follow-up duration, analytic models (univariate vs. multivariate), and study quality scores (p for subgroup differences > 0.05). Furthermore, univariate meta-regression analysis showed no significant modification of results by sample size, mean age, sex distribution, follow-up duration, or study quality scores (all p > 0.05).</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immunotherapy breakthroughs in cervical cancer: Focus on potential biomarkers and further therapy advances.","authors":"Maja Pezer Naletilić, Krešimir Tomić, Kristina Katić, Zoran Gatalica, Gordan Srkalović, Eduard Vrdoljak, Semir Vranić","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12597","DOIUrl":"10.17305/bb.2025.12597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the well-established role of human papillomavirus (HPV) as the primary cause of cervical cancer (CC) and the existence of an effective HPV vaccine, over half a million women are diagnosed with CC globally each year, with more than half of them dying from the disease. Immunotherapy has rapidly become a cornerstone of cancer treatment, offering substantial improvements in survival rates and reducing treatment-related side effects compared to traditional therapies. For the past 25 years, chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has been the standard treatment for locally advanced CC (LACC). However, while adjuvant chemotherapy has failed to improve outcomes in LACC, the integration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with CRT, as well as chemoimmunoradiotherapy followed by consolidation immunotherapy, has transformed treatment strategies, demonstrating superior efficacy compared to CRT alone. In the first-line treatment of CC, adding pembrolizumab to platinum-based chemotherapy, either with or without bevacizumab, has significantly improved outcomes compared to platinum-based chemotherapy and bevacizumab alone. This review explores the current landscape of immunotherapy and biomarker advancements in CC. Furthermore, we discuss promising future directions, including the potential of personalized immunotherapy approaches and novel combination therapies to further enhance treatment efficacy and improve prognoses for patients with CC.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the link between environmental chemical exposures and epigenetic modifications in diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Tasnim R Matarid, Menatallah Rayan, Ola J Hussein, Hanan H Abunada, Zaid H Maayah, Hesham M Korashy","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.11801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.11801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a globally prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by impaired glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion. Beyond traditional risk factors like lifestyle and genetics, environmental pollutants, including particulate matter, heavy metals, and persistent organic pollutants, have become significant contributors to DM. One of the key mechanistic pathways through which these pollutants exert their effects is the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor that regulates the expression of cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) enzymes. This cascade contributes to increased oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, hallmarks of metabolic impairment. Importantly, these environmental pollutants are also linked to epigenetic modifications, including aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA dysregulation, which further disrupt insulin sensitivity and β-cell function. This review explores the possible mechanistic crosstalk between AhR/CYP1 pathway activation and epigenetic alterations in the context of diabetes development. By integrating findings from epidemiology, in vivo, and in vitro studies, we provide a summary of how environmental exposures may influence diabetes risk through epigenetic mechanisms. Understanding these interactions not only advances our knowledge of DM etiology but also highlights novel molecular targets for preventive and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous inflammation alters nociceptor electrophysiology in guinea pigs but not rats.","authors":"Laiche Djouhri, Ahmed Eliwa, Alghalya Al-Emadi, Yehia Y Hussein, Hissa Al-Suwaidi, Al-Jouhara Albaloshi, Ayman Mustafa, Mohammed Seed Ahmed","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory pain hypersensitivity is believed to result, in part, from increased excitability of nociceptive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. We previously demonstrated in guinea pigs that hindlimb inflammation induces electrophysiological changes in these neurons, including faster action potential (AP) and afterhyperpolarization (AHP) kinetics. Given that rats and guinea pigs are distinct species with notable differences in genetic composition and physiology, we hypothesized that cutaneous inflammation would have different effects on the electrophysiological properties of nociceptive DRG neurons in rats-the predominant rodent model for pain research. To test this hypothesis, we performed intracellular voltage recordings from DRG neurons (n = 430) in deeply anesthetized, untreated (control) and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-treated rats and guinea pigs. C-, Aδ-, and Aβ-nociceptors were identified based on their dorsal root conduction velocities (CVs) and responses to natural noxious stimuli. Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed no significant changes in any electrophysiological variables in rat nociceptive neurons four days after CFA-induced hindlimb inflammation. In contrast, guinea pig nociceptors exhibited a significant increase in CV and significant decreases in both AP and AHP durations. The inflammation-induced shortening of absolute and relative refractory periods likely contributes to increased firing frequency in nociceptive nerve fibers, thereby promoting inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. These findings suggest species-specific differences in peripheral neuronal mechanisms underlying inflammatory pain, potentially due to variation in ion channel expression and/or function in DRG neurons between rats and guinea pigs. Given the genetic and metabolic similarities between guinea pigs and humans, further research is warranted to determine whether guinea pigs may serve as a more accurate model of chronic inflammatory pain than rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of roles of RNA-binding proteins on NAFLD and the related pharmaceutical measures.","authors":"Changjin Li, Fan Yang, Zuohui Yuan, Xiaoguo Wei","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and poses a serious threat to public health. NAFLD is considered a risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MS) and is closely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. A growing body of research has linked RBPs-such as human antigen R (HuR), sequestosome 1 (p62), polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1), and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs)-to lipogenesis and inflammation, both of which contribute to NAFLD through mechanisms involving transcriptional regulation, alternative splicing, RNA stability, polyadenylation, and subcellular localization. However, these findings are often fragmented and lack a comprehensive synthesis. The interactions and mechanisms between RBPs and NAFLD have not yet been thoroughly reviewed. This article provides an overview of the roles and mechanisms of various RBPs in NAFLD, summarizing current knowledge with the aid of figures and tables. In particular, it highlights the influence of HuR on NAFLD through multiple pathways, categorizing its effects based on increased or decreased expression. Furthermore, it reviews drugs that alleviate NAFLD by modulating RBPs, aiming to offer valuable insights for drug-targeted therapies based on RBP regulatory networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning predicts HER2 status in invasive breast cancer from multimodal ultrasound and MRI.","authors":"Yuhong Fan, Kaixiang Sun, Yao Xiao, Peng Zhong, Yun Meng, Yang Yang, Zhenwei Du, Jingqin Fang","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The preoperative human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) status of breast cancer is typically determined by pathological examination of a core needle biopsy, which influences the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, the highly heterogeneous nature of breast cancer and the limitations of needle aspiration biopsy increase the instability of pathological evaluation. The aim of this study was to predict HER2 status in preoperative breast cancer using deep learning (DL) models based on ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The study included women with invasive breast cancer who underwent US and MRI at our institution between January 2021 and July 2024. US images and dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI images were used to construct DL models (DL-US: the DL model based on US; DL-MRI: the model based on MRI; and DL-MRI&US: the combined model based on both MRI and US). All classifications were based on postoperative pathological evaluation. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and the DeLong test were used to compare the diagnostic performance of the DL models. In the test cohort, DL-US differentiated the HER2 status of breast cancer with an AUC of 0.842 (95% CI: 0.708-0.931), and sensitivity and specificity of 89.5% and 79.3%, respectively. DL-MRI achieved an AUC of 0.800 (95% CI: 0.660-0.902), with sensitivity and specificity of 78.9% and 79.3%, respectively. DL-MRI&US yielded an AUC of 0.898 (95% CI: 0.777-0.967), with sensitivity and specificity of 63.2% and 100.0%, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of plant-derived ZnO nanoparticles: Characterization, pharmacokinetics, molecular interactions, and <i>in-vitro</i> antimicrobial and antifungal evaluation.","authors":"Samira Jebahi, Riadh Badraoui, Ghada Ben Salah, Fadia Ben Taheur, Faten Brahmi, Mohsen Mhadhbi, Talel Bouhamda, Saoussen Jilani, Bandar Aloufi, Mohd Adnan, Arif J Siddiqui, Abdel Moneim E Sulieman, Ines Karmous","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, nanoparticles (NPs) are used to counteract various medicinal and industrial problems. This study aimed to biosynthesize zinc oxide NPs (ZnONPs) from the plant species Aloe vera L., Peganum harmala L., Retama monosperma L., and Thymelaea hirsuta L. The biosynthesized ZnONPs were referred to as \"Thymhirs.bio-ZnONP,\" \"Aloever.bio-ZnONP,\" \"Retam.bio-ZnONP,\" and \"Harm.bio-ZnONP.\" A UV-visible spectrophotometer, granulometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance were used for physicochemical characterization. Pharmacokinetics and antimicrobial effects were explored using combined in vitro and computational assays. An abundance of phenolic acids and flavonoids was observed, particularly rutin, quinic acid, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, and cirsiliol, which may act as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents in the biosynthesis. ZnONPs demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity against various bacterial, fungal, and yeast strains, highlighting their potential medicinal applications. This inhibitory activity can be attributed to the effect of the plant-based ZnO nanosized particles more than to the plant extracts or Zn salt. Computational modeling revealed that the identified phytochemicals (phenolic acids and flavonoids) bound Tyrosyl-tRNA Synthetase (TyrRS) from S. aureus (1JIJ), aspartic proteinase from C. albicans (2QZW), and wheat germ agglutinin (2UVO) with considerable affinities, which, together with molecular interactions and pharmacokinetics, satisfactorily support the in vitro antimicrobial findings. This study lays the groundwork for future research and pharmaceutical explorations aimed at harnessing the likely beneficial properties of green-synthesized ZnONPs for medicinal and therapeutic purposes, particularly their antimicrobial effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144112884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting overactive bladder from inflammatory markers: A machine learning approach using NHANES 2005-2020.","authors":"Haoxun Zhang, Guoling Zhang, Chunyang Wang","doi":"10.17305/bb.2025.12335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17305/bb.2025.12335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Overactive bladder (OAB), a prevalent condition characterized by urgency and nocturia, imposes significant burdens on both quality of life and healthcare systems. Emerging evidence implicates systemic inflammation in OAB pathogenesis; however, the role of complete blood count (CBC)-derived inflammatory biomarkers remains underexplored. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 35,394 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2020) to evaluate associations between CBC-derived biomarkers-such as the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), Systemic Inflammation Response Index (SIRI), and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)-and OAB (defined by an OAB Symptom Score ≥3). Multivariable logistic regression, threshold analysis, and machine learning models (Random Forest [RF], Extreme Gradient Boosting) were employed, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical covariates. Elevated levels of SII, SIRI, NLR, Monocyte-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (MLR), and Neutrophil-MLR (NMLR) were significantly associated with increased OAB risk (all P < 0.05), with adjusted odds ratios for the highest quartiles ranging from 1.21 (SII; 95% CI: 1.10-1.34) to 1.31 (NMLR; 1.19-1.44). Nonlinear associations were observed, with inflection points (e.g., NLR = 1.071, MLR = 0.174) marking abrupt increases in risk. RF models showed strong predictive performance (area under the curve = 0.89 for training; 0.76 for testing), identifying SII and SIRI as key predictors. Subgroup analyses demonstrated consistent associations across most demographic groups, with the exception of hyperlipidemia, which modified the effects of SIRI, NLR, and NMLR. These findings highlight the role of systemic inflammation in OAB and suggest that CBC-derived biomarkers could serve as cost-effective tools for risk stratification. The integration of epidemiological analysis and machine learning enhances our understanding of OAB's inflammatory underpinnings, although longitudinal studies are needed to establish causal relationships and therapeutic implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72398,"journal":{"name":"Biomolecules & biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}