Biomedical research and clinical reviews最新文献

{"title":"Infectious Diarrhea, a Public Health Problem in Population","authors":"D. Monica","doi":"10.31579/2.692-9406/058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2.692-9406/058","url":null,"abstract":"Infec­tious etiology in acute diarrhea, referred several gastrointestinal diseases, Most are gastroenteri­tis associated with clinical signs and symptoms including: nausea, vomiting, abdomi­nal pain and cramps, bloating, flatulence, fever, passage of bloody stools, tenesmus, and fecal ur­gency disorders. Diarrheal illness is a large worldwide public health problem, with substantial regional variation, in the prevalence of medical signs by being caused by specific pathogens. Infectious diarrheal diseases, are the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and can cause real public health concerns. Such diarrhea was studied as a medical disorder, in a 3 years period, 2017 to 2020, in Transylvania a large region in Romania. It was found there, 3577 number of diarrheal diseases cases, appeared almost during July to August. The case incidence for the disease arrived at 65%, in the entire summer season. The cases data were transmitted by 12 district Sanitary Polices, to the Public Health Center Cluj. Cases were almost diagnosed by the family doctors of the region, in more then 50%. Few of this have need some days of hospitalization, because of several disease disorders, in which case it was used a specific adequate fluid and electrolyte replacement as key of the treatment, for managing diarrheal illnesses. Even so, 3 children under 5 years age died, because of severe complications. It was remarked so, organic failed who was estimate to be the cause of their deaths. Clinical and epidemiological evaluations were done and even defined the severity and type of this mentioned illnesses. The detected infectious etiology for the acute diarrheas, where determined in authorized Microbiology laboratories, where were identified: Shigella spp, Salmonella spp, Campylobacter spp, Yersinia spp, Rotavirus, Giardia. Most number of cases appeared in children, being suggestive in 63%, followed by elderly or adult people in 17% each. Acute diarrheal illness had to be considered a major public health issue, against which some determined control efforts are needed. Public health surveillance of infectious acute diarrhea, includes obligatory done strategies for a correct infection control.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49029147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomedical applications of nanoscale tools and nano-bio interface: A blueprint of physical, chemical, and biochemical cues of cell mechanotransduction machinery","authors":"R. Kumar","doi":"10.31579/2692-9406/064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/064","url":null,"abstract":"A dream to have control over the cell behavior by nanoscale tools and nano-bio interface to mimic remodeling of cell mechanotransduction machinery, is an updated approach and the latest theme of current research.[1] To achieve such a goal, the nanofabrication technique plays a key role in designing novel nanoscale tools capable of stimulating the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). These nano-bio tools can create a valuable nanoscale interface, and finally, these advanced tools control cell behavior. Structurally and compositionally, the cells are too complicated and well equipped with remarkable features. It has a lot of complexity in it. The initial hurdle is the natural composition of cells and the surroundings of the nanoscale. The cell is too complicated, and it is a difficult and tough task to determine the features of its areas. The emergence of nanoscale tools, which are capable of analyzing and performing by applying single-molecule with high precision is helping for boosting cellular events for enhancing biomedical claims.[2] These tools and biomedical methods consist of nanomaterials that can perform as nanodevices, expose the cellular environment and simulate the cell-matrix interface. These biomedical methods are now considered major outfits for further analysis. [3] To detect the surface patterning of the cells and concerned topographies of cellular environments, these nanoscale devices, and 3D microporous scaffolds derived from nanomaterials are the main equipment applied to exploit the hidden areas and undiscovered activities of the cell components.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43421420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical teaching professionalization: quality of training","authors":"C. Pazos, Odalis Ruíz Pérez, Isabel Julia Veitía Orrieta, C. Pentón, Elsa Núñez Escobar, Anisbel Pérez de Alejo Plain","doi":"10.31579/2692-9406/062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/062","url":null,"abstract":"University teaching professionalization is a necessity in modern society. The scientific and technical revolution that has been taking place in the world demands a different preparation for teachers. Modern universities need professors adapted to these new times. The professionalization of teachers today constitutes a challenge as well as a social commitment.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70019081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Our experience of using Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in the treatment of COVID-19: an observational study from Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo","authors":"J. Kayembe, D. Ishoso, Christian Mbongopasi, Don Jethro Mavungu, Jean René Makulo, S. Mukendi, Nsengi Y Ntamabyaliro, R. J. Matangila, J. Muyembe","doi":"10.31579/2692-9406/065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/065","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Up to now COVID-19 treatment is a matter of great debate. Several trials and observational studies have brought conflicting results regarding the efficacy of some repurposed drugs suggested treating COVID-19, stressing the need for further research. Objective: This study aimed to add to the existing literature, some evidence on the efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and azithromycin (AZ) as suggested drugs for COVID-19 treatment. Materials and Methods: This observational study reports the experience of conventional treatment (CT) combining HCQ plus AZ applied in the Democratic Republic of Congo. We compared epidemiological and clinical data between 1,100 (89%) subjects submitted to the CT and 135 (11%) who did not receive the CT. Survival analyses including Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to determine the clinical progress at day 10 and the survival likelihood at day 15, from the treatment initiation date. Results: Clinical outcome is much better in the CT group on D10 than in the comparison group (p=0.001). The adverse effects reported are minor and equivalent in both groups (3% vs 3%). Conclusion: This preliminary observational study suggests a beneficial and safe effect of conventional treatment in our country and justifies the continuation of this therapeutic protocol at this time. However, larger analytical studies with more robust evaluation criteria are needed to strengthen the power of observations.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47740757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Decrease in the Increased Marker of Tissue Hypoxia Pco2> (Av-Gap) in Microcirculatory-Mitochondrial Distress Syndrome in Critical Obstetrics is Achieved by Complex Methods of Recruiting Microcircula","authors":"Vasiliev Ilie, Vasilieva Maria, V. Irina","doi":"10.31579/2692-9406/067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/067","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective analysis of the 40-year absence of maternal mortality in critical obstetric, in different countries, was due to the timely decentralization of macro-circulation through the recruitment of the microcirculatory-mitochondrial, in the space: capillaries - cell - mitochondria; detoxification; and adequate analgesia.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47433016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contraception in Adolescence: Social Necessity","authors":"C. Pazos, C. Pentón, Anisbel Pérez de Alejo Plain, Yiset Menéndez Pedraja, Lilian Ibonne Sosa Martínez, Lianet Corne Sosa","doi":"10.31579/2692-9406/057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/057","url":null,"abstract":"Teenage pregnancy is a global health problem. The beginning of sexual life at an earlier age has an impact on the increase in sexually transmitted diseases, unwanted pregnancies, and the number of single mothers. Each year approximately 2 million adolescents under the age of 15 become pregnant and an estimated 16 million girls between the ages of 15 and 19 give birth, 95% of these births occur in developing countries. Adolescent births as a percentage of all births range from around 2% in China to 18% in Latin America and the Caribbean. The global rate of adolescent pregnancy is estimated at 46 births for every 1,000 girls and of the same Thus, the rate for Latin America corresponds to 66.5 births per 1,000 girls between the ages of 15 and 19, ranking second worldwide, only surpassed by Sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, complications during pregnancy and childbirth are the second leading cause of death among women 15-19 years of age worldwide.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43206239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Costs and predictors of early readmissions in patients with Infective Endocarditis. Utilizing the Nationwide Readmission Database.","authors":"J. Zaman, A. Amritphale, C. Malozzi, N. Amritphale, M. Sehgal, O. Bassam","doi":"10.1101/2021.06.04.21258024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.04.21258024","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: There have been previous studies detailing the variables involved in readmissions in patients with a primary admission diagnosis of infective endocarditis, however those studies were done prior to the 2015 change in AHA guidelines and introduction to ICD10 codes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to describe the frequency, causes, factors, and costs associated with infective endocarditis encounters. METHODS: Utilizing the 2017 national readmission database (NRD), we identified all patients that were admitted with infective endocarditis. These patients were evaluated for the rates, predictors, and costs of unplanned 30 days readmissions. Weighted analysis was performed to obtain nationally representative data. RESULTS: 56,357 patients were identified to have been admitted with a diagnosis of infective endocarditis of whom 13,004 patients (23%) were readmitted within 30 days of the index discharge. The most common causes of readmission were septicemia (15.1%), endocarditis and endocardial disease (10.5%), heart failure (9.5%), and complication of cardiovascular device, implant or graft, initial encounter (5.6%). Data showed that there were certain comorbidities that resulted in a higher risk of being readmitted, these include chronic kidney disease, COPD, tobacco use, and hepatic failure. Cost of readmissions per patient was approximately $22,059 (IQR $11,630 to $49,964). CONCLUSIONS: Thirty-day unplanned readmissions remain a significant issue affecting nearly 1 in 6 patients with infective endocarditis. This is associated with significant mortality and financial burden. Multi-disciplinary approach may help decrease readmissions, reduce complications, and improve overall outcomes as well as the overall quality of life of our patients.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41781017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Telemedicine for Providing Supportive and Palliative Care Patients with Advanced Cancer during the COVID?19 Pandemic in Ukraine","authors":"Hojouj Mohammad I M","doi":"10.31579/2692-9406/053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/053","url":null,"abstract":"COVID‐19 has overwhelmed the capacity of health care systems, limiting access to supportive and palliative care for patients with advanced cancer. Telemedicine has emerged as a tool to provide care continuity to patients while limiting the risk of contagion. However, implementing telemedicine in resource‐limited settings is challenging. We report the results of a multidisciplinary patient‐navigator‐led telemedicine supportive care program in Dnipro City. One‐hundred sixty‐five telemedicine interventions were provided to 50 patients (median age 67, 47% female). A quarter of the patients had less than or equal to elementary school education, and 18% lived in a rural area. The most common interventions were psychological care (30%), pain and symptom control (27%), and nutritional counseling (10%). Half of the interventions were provided by video conferencing. The most common patient‐reported barrier was limited experience using communication technology. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of providing supportive and palliative care interventions using telemedicine in resource‐limited settings.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46853344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Therapeutic Trends in Pneumonia: Antibiotics and Mesenchymal Stem Cells","authors":"J. Ly, Q. Chu, L. Zhong","doi":"10.20944/PREPRINTS202104.0031.V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/PREPRINTS202104.0031.V1","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially during COVID-19 pandemic. With the significant global health burden that pneumonia poses, it is es-sential to improve therapeutic and management strategies. The increasing emergence of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains limits options for effective antibiotic use. New antibiotics for treatment of pneumonia may address deficits in current antimicrobial drugs, with an ability to cover both typical, atypical, and resistance pathogen. Several of these newer drugs also have structural characteristics that allow for a decreased propensity in development of bacterial resistance. Po-tential use of stem cell therapies in place of corticosteroid treatments may also offer an im-provement in patient outcomes. Human mesenchymal stem cell treatments have shown efficacy and safety in treating COVID-19 induced pneumonia. Combined treatment with both stem cells and antibiotics in pneumonia in a rabbit model has also shown significantly increased efficacy in comparison to antibiotic treatment alone, presenting yet another possible route for a novel strategy in treating pneumonia, though additional future studies are necessary before clinical implementation. While pneumonia remains a major disease of concern, having newer approved antibiotics as well as novel therapies such as stem cell treatments in the pipeline offers clinicians more options in effectively treating pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45681895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemistry, Medicinal Properties & Toxicity of Acacia Nilotica Fruits","authors":"Kamal Omer Abdalla","doi":"10.31579/2692-9406/040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/040","url":null,"abstract":"Acacia nilotica tree is native to Africa, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. Due to its wide medicinal properties & uses this plant attracted the attention of many scientists. Its fruits are rich in more than 16 classes of different bioactive molecules & elements very beneficial for human health. These molecules & elements include tannins, saponins, phytosterols, cyclitols, alkaloids, anticoagulant agents, regulatory molecules, amines, mucilage, fibers, gums, proteins, various classes of amino acids, carbohydrates, terpenses, crude fats, oils, fatty acids & minerals. The fruits are used to treat various human disorders including cancers, heart & liver diseases, diabetes mellitus, malaria, asthma, arrhythmias, acquired immune-deficiency syndrome, coronavirus disease 2019, spleen disorders, for weight loss, colds, congestion, coughs, diarrhea, dysentery, fever, gallbladder, hemorrhage, hemorrhoids, leucorrhea, ophthalmia, sclerosis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, skin eruptions smallpox and tuberculosis. Acacia nilotica fruits are very beneficial for human health, safe & effective to treat various human diseases if it is used in appropriate dose & period. It has been in use in Sudan & in other parts of Africa widely & safely for generations to treat various diseases without any reports of toxicity or adverse effects. Moreover, human body has efficient detoxification mechanisms to process and detoxify toxic substances and toxicity in human occurs only from known high toxic substances, overdose, regular and long period of using of herbs or medicines with known side effects. It is apparent that toxicity of acacia nilotica fruits comes from over dosage & longer than required duration of uses or regular consumption and the solvent/s as well. However, further works are needed by pharmaceutical industries to authentically formulate various components of the of acacia nilotica fruits to be used as medicines & supplements to enhance the therapy of several human diseases.","PeriodicalId":72392,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical research and clinical reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45396174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}