Biomedical engineering advances最新文献

{"title":"Immobilization of novel synthesized phosphobetaine zwitterions on polyethersulphone (PES) hemodialysis membranes to induce hemocompatibility: Experimental, molecular docking, and ex-vivo inflammatory biomarker investigations","authors":"Ubong Eduok ,&nbsp;Shaghayegh Saadati ,&nbsp;Victoria Doan ,&nbsp;Ahmed Shoker ,&nbsp;Amira Abdelrasoul","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bea.2024.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hemodialysis therapy is a crucial life-saving treatment for severe kidney conditions, particularly in cases where organ transplantation is limited. However, the use of polymeric membranes in clinical dialyzers can trigger undesirable reactions in the blood, such as complement, leukocyte, and coagulation activations. These reactions can lead to hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and even death, due to compatibility issues. This paper presents a study on the development and application of a novel phosphobetaine zwitterion, immobilized on polyethersulphone (PES) clinical hemodialysis membranes, to improve hemocompatibility. The study also introduces a new method for immobilizing a zwitterionic PVP-phosphobetaine polymer on a PES membrane, using a polydopamine (PDA) crosslinker. The synthesized membranes were characterized, and their performance in terms of blood-protein adsorption and subsequent interaction, specifically with fibrinogen, was investigated to evaluate hemocompatibility. The selection of the phosphobetaine polymer was driven by its capacity to form an electrically neutral zwitterionic hydration layer, which serves as a protective barrier, preventing fibrinogen adsorption. Without this zwitterionic polymer, blood proteins interact with the bare membrane, initiating biological processes that lead to inflammation when exposed to uremic blood. Molecular docking studies were conducted to understand the interactions between various ligands and specific serum protein components. The phosphate and carbonyl chemical groups on the pyrrolidinone zwitterionic moiety were found to form polar interactions with specific amino acids. Exvivo investigations involving incubated coated membranes and uremic blood samples from end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients revealed that they caused weaker complement and coagulation activation compared to bare PES membranes. In addition, the inflammatory biomarkers have been studied to shed light on their potential impact on patients' quality of life. This study contributes to our understanding of the implications of blood-protein fouling and the hemocompatibility challenges faced by blood-contacting devices used in hemodialysis for ESRD patients, who are prone to membrane-related health complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000094/pdfft?md5=713621d04c7be794eac5d97c99cab9c0&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000094-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140342173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining Diagnostic Utility of EEG for Assessing Stroke Severity using Deep Learning Models","authors":"Shatakshi Singh ,&nbsp;Dimple Dawar ,&nbsp;Esha Mehmood ,&nbsp;Jeyaraj Durai Pandian ,&nbsp;Rajeshwar Sahonta ,&nbsp;Subhash Singla ,&nbsp;Amit Batra ,&nbsp;Cheruvu Siva Kumar ,&nbsp;Manjunatha Mahadevappa","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stroke has become a leading cause of disability worldwide. Early medication and rehabilitation is the key to help post-stroke survivors recover faster. Presently, doctors rely on imaging modalities like CT/MRI for diagnosing stroke patients. The diagnosis done using these modalities can be highly subjective. Apart from this, these imaging modalities are very costly, time taking and inconvenient for the patients. So there is a need of faster, portable and an automated diagnostic system for assessing post-stroke conditions so that right measures can be taken in the right time. To cater to this need EEG comes in handy because of its portable nature. So, in this work, utility of EEG has been studied to diagnose three aspects of stroke: 1) type of stoke, 2) affected artery and 3) severity of stroke. To achieve this, one-minute resting state EEG data was used to extract 57 features. The features were ranked and selected using ranking algorithm and deep learning (DL) models were trained with supervision from information extracted using MRI data. To find out type of stroke and affected artery DWI, SWI and MRA images were used, and severity of stroke was recorded in terms of NIHSS score. Three different DL models were trained for each task i.e. type of stroke, affected artery and severity of stroke. For classifying type of stroke an accuracy of 97.74% was obtained using 37 features. For stroke severity, the model gave RMSE of 2.1955 with a high correlation value (r = 0.91). The DL model for classifying affected artery used 33 features and gave accuracy of 95.7%. It was also found that less complex time domain features and QEEG features were frequently selected out of 57 features for all the DL models. Features in delta and theta sub-bands were frequently selected along with QEEG features. The work presented here established that EEG can act as a reliable modality for faster diagnosis of stroke specifics and hence can help medical professionals in speeding the decision making process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000100/pdfft?md5=530698daff608a0818105c4a51e13276&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000100-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140398406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new height contouring method for severity prediction in cam-type hip joints: 20 subject-specific cases","authors":"Trent Edward Rayment,&nbsp;Sophie Williams,&nbsp;Alison Claire Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bea.2024.100119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cam-type femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is characterised by a non-spherical continuation of the femoral head into the femoral head-neck junction and is associated with damage to the acetabular cartilage. Diagnostic methods based on cam shape are progressing from 2D radiographic measurements to 3D CT measures, providing greater insight. There is currently no consensus on how to describe the 3D cam lesion shape and subject-specific impingement mechanisms are difficult to determine.</p><p>A novel 3D ‘contour’ method was used to describe the proximal femur of 20 cam-type hips. Five contours, analogous to height contours on a terrain map, were used to describe the femoral head-neck junction, capturing the progressive height of the cam lesion. From that description, the <em>cam apex</em> (a subject's largest alpha angle), <em>cam extent</em> (spread around the femoral head), <em>cam location</em> (position around the femoral head) and <em>average acetabular coverage</em>, were recorded. A previously developed hip impingement model was used to apply 126 activity-based motions to each subject-specific hip shape and predict impingement occurrence and depth of incursion past the acetabular rim. Correlations between shape measures and impingement occurrence were investigated.</p><p>The two contours representing the lowest heights (close to the head best fit sphere and 1 mm greater than that) generated cam alpha angle and cam extent measurements which contained the typical clinical measures (Alpha: close to best fit 47°-98°, at 1 mm 45°–77°; Extent: close to best fit 0°–129°, at 1 mm 0°–100°). The remaining contours described the progressive height of the cam lesion up to 4 mm greater than the head radius. Impingement was predicted predominantly from the first 1 mm height of the cam, with only two subjects impinging at a cam height greater than 2 mm. Therefore, it is possible that adequate resection of the first 1 mm of cam height is the most critical in reducing a subject's impingement severity.</p><p>Impingement occurrence was positively correlated with the cam apex (ρ = 0.84 close to best fit, ρ = 0.70 at 1 mm height), the cam extent (ρ = 0.68 close to best fit, ρ = 0.80 at 1 mm height) and the acetabular coverage (ρ = 0.50, at 1 mm height). However, in line with other work on cam impingement, correlations between any single shape measure and the risk of impingement were not strong enough to be used with confidence as predictive tools. This supports the further development of modelling tools which sufficiently capture the complex shape and can generate an impingement risk metric which accounts for joint motion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000082/pdfft?md5=18172cefad7057360bce393040d2aaff&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000082-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140195900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of VEP signals discrimination methods based on time-frequency transformation and CNN-2D","authors":"Zineb Cheker ,&nbsp;Saad Chakkor ,&nbsp;Ahmed EL Oualkadi ,&nbsp;Mostafa Baghouri ,&nbsp;Rachid Belfkih ,&nbsp;Jalil Abdelkader El Hangouche ,&nbsp;Jawhar Laameche","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bea.2024.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) examination is used to analyze the appropriate functioning of the optical pathways from the retina to the visual cortex. In hospitals, the diagnosis made by physicians is based mainly on reading the temporal trace and identifying the latency P100. However, after a considerable research effort, it has been confirmed that this method is subjective and relatively less reliable. In our work, we report different approaches to resolve the inadequacy of traditional classification, by studying the efficiency of VEP signal classification in a comparative approach using 3 models: Model A: STFT-CNN, Model B: CWT-CNN, and Model C: Wigner-Ville-CNN, therefore we evaluate in the same context the effectiveness of using a pre-trained 2D CNN structure. The time-frequency transformation allows us to generate two-dimensional data from one-dimensional signals to bring out the integrated features that are not valued in the temporal plot, and then exploit them for good discrimination between the two classes, in order to be able to use a CNN-2D classification architecture, taking into consideration the advantages offered by this architecture in terms of the involvement of the attribute extraction phase and its efficiency in classifying 2D data. The results provided by the different scenarios proved that the Wigner-Ville transformation combined with a pre-trained CNN architecture can be considered a good method in terms of different performance metrics, which demonstrates that it is a successful candidate for providing significant assistance to physicians in their analysis of VEP signals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000033/pdfft?md5=1010164311d8e6313f49561b0b295232&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000033-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140181103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding fibrosis: Mechanisms, clinical implications, current therapies, and prospects for future interventions","authors":"Jennifer C. Ku ,&nbsp;Jacob Raiten ,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bea.2024.100118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fibrosis is a prevalent and detrimental condition associated with various diseases with a high impact on global morbidity and mortality rates. Despite its diverse causes and affected organs, common underlying mechanisms drive the development and progression of the disease. These mechanisms include an exaggerated inflammatory response, excessive activation of fibroblasts, and abnormal tissue remodeling following severe or repetitive tissue injury. Although significant advancements have been achieved to enhance our understanding of fibrosis, there is still a gap between identifying potential antifibrotic targets and successfully translating them into effective clinical interventions. Novel approaches that target specific cellular and molecular processes involved in fibrosis hold promise for reducing the pathological consequences of the disease. Understanding the pathogenesis and clinical implications of fibrotic diseases is crucial for developing effective therapeutic strategies and improving patient outcomes. In this review, we introduce the concept of fibrosis, discuss the mechanisms by which it arises, and explore existing and emerging therapeutic approaches in development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000070/pdfft?md5=19c16f4e8297ced0f648e3f808d2b978&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000070-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140134131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliable quality of R-phycoerythrin derived from Portieria hornemannii for effective antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer activity","authors":"Saranya Karuppannan ,&nbsp;Mani Sivakumar ,&nbsp;Balasubramani Govindasamy ,&nbsp;Santhosh Chinnaraj ,&nbsp;Viji Maluventhan ,&nbsp;Maruthupandian Arumugam","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bea.2024.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The phycobiliprotein is a light-harvesting fluorescent probe; Phycoerythrin is a pigment used in many industrial, and pharmaceutical applications; including fluorescence resonance energy transfer and flow cytometry. The main objective of the current study was purifying the phycoerythrin in <em>Portieria hornemannii</em>. The phycoerythrin pigment was dialyzed commonly using Q sepharose, but it is high cost. However, the alternative method is DEAE-Sephadex is cost-effective, high- yield, pure compound, and has high activity performance. Then the R-Phycoerythrin (R-PE) compound was extracted in 0.02 M of phosphate buffer (pH–7.2). R-PE investigated the FT-IR, HPLC, SDS-PAGE and including physico-chemical properties. Then the purified R-PE compound was evaluated by an antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity. The R-Phycoerythrin was showing a maximum inhibition effect of high concentration (IC₅₀value 77.98 µg/ml) against the colon cancer HT-29 cell line.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000057/pdfft?md5=002935a3085e505b6e3bda709475f7f0&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000057-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140162705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validated, high-resolution, non-linear, explicit finite element models for simulating screw - bone interaction","authors":"Yijun Zhou ,&nbsp;Benedikt Helgason ,&nbsp;Stephen J. Ferguson ,&nbsp;Cecilia Persson","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bea.2024.100115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objective</h3><p>Primary stability evaluation of screw implants through pull-out or push-in experiments is commonly used to investigate the mechanism of screw loosening. Numerical models simulating these testing methods could provide an enhanced understanding of the underlying attachment mechanisms as well as save time and cost in the development of new screws. However, previous numerical models have been limited by compromises between modelling the trabecular structure at high resolution versus incorporating sophisticated mechanical properties and boundary conditions, leading to overestimated mechanical performance. The aim of this study was to overcome these limitations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We developed explicit models incorporating the microstructure of trabecular bone, with frictional contact, and a non-linear material model incorporating damage. One model digitally inserted the screw into the trabecular bone structure using Boolean operations, while another model simulated the screw's rotational insertion.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed a strong correlation between numerical and experimental results (<em>R</em>²: 0.54–0.93) for force-displacement response in terms of stiffness and strength. We found that the damage induced by the screw insertion process is an important factor to be considered, as the absence of modelling it led to an overestimated stiffness in previous studies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study highlights the importance of including frictional contact and also identified screw insertion damage as an important part of the simulating screw-bone interaction. Our findings demonstrate the potential of explicit finite element models for accurately replicating experimental push-in results and optimizing orthopaedic screws. The code is available at <span>https://github.com/zhou436/Bone-Screw-Constructs-eFEM</span><svg><path></path></svg>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000045/pdfft?md5=30c2d7c3983b082c023234f6e80bba85&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000045-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot on the use of stride cadence for the characterization of walking ability in lower limb amputees","authors":"Ejay Nsugbe ,&nbsp;Oluwarotimi Williams Samuel ,&nbsp;Mojisola Grace Asogbon ,&nbsp;Jose Javier Reyes-Lagos","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bea.2024.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Amputations are a prominent affliction that occur worldwide, with causes ranging from congenital, disease-based, or external reasons such as trauma. Prosthesis provides the closest alternative functional replacement to the loss of a limb. Before any form of rehabilitation support can be offered to amputee patients, an assessment of their degree and level of mobility first needs to be evaluated using the K-level grading system. The typical means towards the assigning of a K-level grading is through qualitative methods, which have been criticized for being subjective and, at times, imprecise. As a means towards remedying this shortcoming, we investigated the prospect of utilizing data from wearable sensors for analyzing the stride pattern and cadence of various subjects towards the quantitative inference of a K-level. This was accomplished using data from accelerometers, alongside advanced signal processing and machine learning models, towards the quantitative identification and differentiation of the various K-levels of amputees of varied levels of mobility. The experimental results showed that this aim could be accomplished under the circumstance investigated and the models applied as part of this research. Additional analysis was also done on the use of data from accelerometers towards the differentiation between amputated and non-amputated subjects, which showed that the cohorts could be classified and differentiated using purely accelerometer data and the accompanying postprocessing methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000069/pdfft?md5=6108080486d7a798af1f8c86bd34967f&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139936197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing alginate tubes for cell culture","authors":"Jack Rauch ,&nbsp;Emily Francis ,&nbsp;Hendrik Viljoen","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cells can be cultured to very high densities in hollow alginate tubes (<span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>−</mo><mn>10</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>×</mo><mspace></mspace><msup><mrow><mn>10</mn></mrow><mn>8</mn></msup><mrow><mspace></mspace><mi>c</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>m</mi><mi>L</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>,</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> with the provisothat their nutrient and oxygen needs are met. After the tubes have been extruded, they are suspended in growth medium. Nutrients and metabolic products pass readily through the alginate tube walls and the cells grow from small aggregates until they fill the hollow space in the tube. A mathematical model is presented of nutrient and oxygen transport between the bulk phase and the tubes. Our main result is a necessary condition for growing cells to confluency. It sets an upper limit on the inner tube diameter. This limit depends on the alginate wall thickness, transport properties and consumption rates. Experimental results are reported for <span>l</span>-Wnt-3a cells, which have been expanded in tubes with inner diameters of <span><math><mrow><mn>400</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>500</mn><mo>,</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>600</mn><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>and <span><math><mrow><mn>700</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>. For our experimental set-up, glucose was the limiting nutrient. Cells reached confluency in <span><math><mrow><mn>400</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>a</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mspace></mspace><mn>500</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> tubes at bulk glucose concentrations of <span><math><mrow><mn>20</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>m</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></math></span>. When the bulk glucose concentration was increased to 25, 30 and 35 mM, confluency was reached in <span><math><mrow><mn>600</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> tubes for all three cases. Confluency was not achieved in tubes with inner diameters of 700 um, even at the elevated glucose concentrations, suggesting that the dissolved oxygen concentration has become the limiting factor. These results match the model predictions well and confirms that the model can be used to select tube dimensions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667099224000021/pdfft?md5=050937ef7b2cb9ac0459ebbdcd8443ef&pid=1-s2.0-S2667099224000021-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139631365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel framework for quantitative rhinoplasty evaluation by ResNet convolutional neural network","authors":"Ziba Bouchani ,&nbsp;Reza Aghaeizadeh Zoroofi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sadeghi","doi":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bea.2024.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rhinoplasty is a popular surgical operation, so proposing trustworthy assessment methods is crucial. Previous studies often utilized traditional or non-automatic methods for rhinoplasty evaluation, overlooked the aesthetic harmony of the nose with other facial features, and provided limited descriptions of facial beauty without detailed explanations. To address these limitations, we have developed a deep learning-based system for quantitative and qualitative facial beauty assessment and rhinoplasty results based on the random preoperative and postoperative color photographs of 376 patients, differentiating male and female faces. The quantitative evaluation includes automatically extracting 3D facial key points from frontal and lateral views, developing a novel mathematical 3D facial model, applying seven criteria from rhinoplasty literature, and assigning related scores. The qualitative evaluation comprises the design of a questionnaire, the extraction of facial features using a unique CNN-based algorithm, and the assignment of scores based on the questionnaire's results. Our method calculates the success percentage of rhinoplasty and provides precise and comprehensive quantitative and qualitative beauty scores. The accuracy of the proposed facial feature extraction network is 71 %, which is considered acceptable according to the complexity of defining beauty and the novelty of this work. All procedures and outcomes are verified by an ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) specialist. In particular, based on the presented extensive tables and histograms, some patients have lower postoperative scores than preoperative ones in some instances, which caused negative success scores. For this reason, individuals' appearance may occasionally worsen following rhinoplasty instead of improving. Therefore, preoperative assessments of facial features are crucial, and our proposed system facilitates this process. Our research also impacts individual self-assessment and surgeons' awareness significantly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72384,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical engineering advances","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266709922400001X/pdfft?md5=d53596549fc3808846eb28cd4e7897ec&pid=1-s2.0-S266709922400001X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139458322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}