{"title":"Embracing complexity in biomaterials design","authors":"Helena S. Azevedo , Alvaro Mata","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Animate materials, man-made materials behaving like living systems, are attracting enormous interest across a range of sectors, from construction and transport industry to medicine. In this leading opinion article, we propose that embracing complexity in biomaterials design offers untapped opportunities to create biomaterials with innovative life-like properties that extend their capabilities and unleash new paradigms in medical treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a5/c0/main.PMC9934423.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10778327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erin M. Wolfe , Sydney A. Mathis , Natalia de la Olivo Muñoz , Steven A. Ovadia , Zubin J. Panthaki
{"title":"Comparison of human amniotic membrane and collagen nerve wraps around sciatic nerve reverse autografts in a rat model","authors":"Erin M. Wolfe , Sydney A. Mathis , Natalia de la Olivo Muñoz , Steven A. Ovadia , Zubin J. Panthaki","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human amniotic membrane (hAM) and collagen nerve wraps are biomaterials that have been investigated as therapies for improving outcomes of peripheral nerve regeneration; however, their efficacy has not been compared. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of collagen and human amniotic membrane nerve wraps in a rodent sciatic nerve reverse autograft model. Lewis rats (<em>n</em> = 29) underwent sciatic nerve injury and repair in which a 10-mm gap was bridged with reverse autograft combined with either no nerve wrap (control), collagen nerve wrap or hAM nerve wrap. Behavioral analyses were performed at baseline and 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Electrophysiological studies were conducted at 8, 10 and 12 weeks. Additional outcomes assessed included gastrocnemius muscle weights, nerve adhesions, axonal regeneration and scarring at 12 weeks. Application of both collagen and hAM nerve wraps resulted in improvement of functional and histologic outcomes when compared with controls, with a greater magnitude of improvement for the experimental group treated with hAM nerve wraps. hAM-treated animals had significantly higher numbers of axons compared to control animals (<em>p</em> < 0.05) and significantly less perineural fibrosis than both control and collagen treated nerves (<em>p</em> < 0.05). The ratio of experimental to control gastrocnemius weights was significantly greater in hAM compared to control samples (<em>p</em> < 0.05). We conclude that hAM nerve wraps are a promising biomaterial that is effective for improving outcomes of peripheral nerve regeneration, resulting in superior nerve regeneration and functional recovery compared to collagen nerve wraps and controls.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/02/20/main.PMC9934491.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10831293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Embracing simplicity in biomaterials design","authors":"Matthew J. Webber","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biomaterials offer elegant frameworks to uncover mysteries of biology and vital tools to treat diseased or damaged tissues. Complex natural materials in the living world inspire the design of many engineered biomaterial constructs. Yet, complexity in materials design introduces practical, functional, and economic constraints. These challenges point to some virtues for a simplified approach in the design of biomaterials, especially when intended for clinical impact. But what is simplicity, and how can simple synthetic systems interface and intervene with application-specific complexities in the living world? Herein, both the philosophy and inherent benefits of simplicity in biomaterials design are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fa/ac/main.PMC9616010.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10812569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sameh A. Mohammed , Yasuhiro Kimura , Yuhki Toku , Yang Ju
{"title":"Bioengineered PLEKHA7 nanodelivery regularly induces behavior alteration and growth retardation of acute myeloid leukemia","authors":"Sameh A. Mohammed , Yasuhiro Kimura , Yuhki Toku , Yang Ju","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most lethal leukemia with an extremely poor prognosis and high relapse rates. In leukemogenesis, adhesion abnormalities can readily guide an imbalance between hematopoietic progenitor cells and bone marrow stromal cells, altering the normal hematopoietic bone marrow microenvironment into leukemic transformation that enhances leukemic proliferation. Here, we have firstly studied the PLEKHA7 expression in leukemic cells to assess their growth capability affected by the restoration of PLEKHA7 in the cells. The efficacy of PLEKHA7-loaded cRGD-mediated PEGylated cationic lipid nanoparticles for efficient PLEKHA7 delivery in leukemic cells as well as the effect of PLEKHA7 on the regulated induction of AML behavior and growth alterations were investigated. PLEKHA7 re-expression diminished colony-forming ability and reinforced the incidence of growth retardation without apoptosis in AML cell lines. PLEKHA7 regulated the restoration of cell surface adhesion and integrity during normal homeostasis. Our findings revealed that PLEKHA7 functions as a behavior and growth modulator in AML. To our knowledge, the role of PLEKHA7 in AML had not been studied previously and our data could be exploited for further mechanistic studies and insights into altering human AML behavior and growth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/72/85/main.PMC9934477.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10772781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luke Tillman , Tanveer A. Tabish , Nazila Kamaly , Primrose Moss , Amal El-briri , Christoph Thiemermann , Md Zahidul I. Pranjol , Muhammad M. Yaqoob
{"title":"Advancements in nanomedicines for the detection and treatment of diabetic kidney disease","authors":"Luke Tillman , Tanveer A. Tabish , Nazila Kamaly , Primrose Moss , Amal El-briri , Christoph Thiemermann , Md Zahidul I. Pranjol , Muhammad M. Yaqoob","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the diabetic kidneys, morbidities such as accelerated ageing, hypertension and hyperglycaemia create a pro-inflammatory microenvironment characterised by extensive fibrogenesis. Radiological techniques are not yet optimised generating inconsistent and non-reproducible data. The gold standard procedure to assess renal fibrosis is kidney biopsy, followed by histopathological assessment. However, this method is risky, invasive, subjective and examines less than 0.01% of kidney tissue resulting in diagnostic errors. As such, less than 10% of patients undergo kidney biopsy, limiting the accuracy of the current diabetic kidney disease (DKD) staging method. Standard treatments suppress the renin-angiotensin system to control hypertension and use of pharmaceuticals aimed at controlling diabetes have shown promise but can cause hypoglycaemia, diuresis and malnutrition as a result of low caloric intake. New approaches to both diagnosis and treatment are required. Nanoparticles (NPs) are an attractive candidate for managing DKD due to their ability to act as theranostic tools that can carry drugs and enhance image contrast. NP-based point-of-care systems can provide physiological information previously considered unattainable and provide control over the rate and location of drug release. Here we discuss the use of nanotechnology in renal disease, its application to both the treatment and diagnosis of DKD. Finally, we propose a new method of NP-based DKD classification that overcomes the current systems limitations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7a/56/main.PMC9934479.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10772783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aena Yi , Dahye Sim , Seon-Boon Lee, Vijaya Sarangthem, Rang-Woon Park
{"title":"Application of bioengineered elastin-like polypeptide-based system for targeted gene delivery in tumor cells","authors":"Aena Yi , Dahye Sim , Seon-Boon Lee, Vijaya Sarangthem, Rang-Woon Park","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Successful gene delivery depends on the entry of negatively charged DNAs and oligonucleotides across the various barriers of the tumor cells and localization into the nucleus for its transcription and protein translation. Here, we have reported a thermal responsive self-assemble and highly biocompatible, targeted ELP-based gene delivery system. These systems consist of cell-penetrating peptides, Tat and single or multiple repeats of IL-4 receptor targeting peptide AP-1 along the backbone of ELP. Cell-penetrating peptides were introduced for nuclear localization of genes of interest, AP-1 for targeting IL-4R highly expressed tumor cells and ELP for stable condensation favoring protection of nucleic acids. The designed multidomain fusion ELPs referred to as Tat-ELP, Tat-A<sub>1</sub>E<sub>28</sub> and Tat-A<sub>4</sub>V<sub>48</sub> were employed to generate formulation with pEGFP-N1. Profound formulation of stable complexes occurred at different molar ratios owing to electrostatic interactions of positively charged amino acids in polymers with negatively charged nucleic acids. Among the complexes, Tat-A<sub>4</sub>V<sub>48</sub> containing four copies of AP-1 showed maximum complexation with pEGFP-N1 in lower molar ratio. The polymer-pEGFP complexes were further analyzed for its transfection efficiency in different cancer cell lines. Both the targeted polymers, Tat-A<sub>4</sub>V<sub>48</sub> and Tat-A<sub>1</sub>E<sub>28</sub> upon transfection displayed significant EGFP-expression with low toxicity in different cancer cells. Therefore, both Tat-A<sub>4</sub>V<sub>48</sub> and Tat-A<sub>1</sub>E<sub>28</sub> can be considered as novel transfection system for successful gene delivery with therapeutic applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b0/04/main.PMC9934475.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10772787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"3D printed scaffolds: Challenges toward developing relevant cellular in vitro models","authors":"Beatriz Molina-Martínez , Luis M. Liz-Marzán","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbiosy.2022.100044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture technology has rapidly emerged, as a result of the increasing demand for improved <em>in vitro</em> systems that better resemble human physiology. Promising microphysiological systems have been fabricated by combining complex 3D culture with 3D-printing technologies. These models overperform existing <em>in vitro</em> systems regarding potential for biofabrication and predictive power. However, most systems under development do not ultimately find a long-term application. We provide herein an overview of the challenges to be considered when developing 3D <em>in vitro</em> systems by means of printed scaffolds, as well as some of the limitations of existing models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266653442200006X/pdfft?md5=a809c3f30777406e491f645fa0b276b0&pid=1-s2.0-S266653442200006X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91685132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Amorphous calcium phosphate, the lack of order is an abundance of possibilities","authors":"Lorenzo Degli Esposti, Michele Iafisco","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For almost three decades from its discovery, amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) was not considered a suitable biomaterial due to its structural instability. Thanks to its unique properties in respect to crystalline calcium phosphate phases, nowadays ACP is used in promising devices for hard tissue regeneration. Here we have highlighted the features of ACP that were harnessed to create excellent biomaterials for dental remineralization, self-setting bone cements, drug delivery, and coatings of prostheses. Its current limitations as well as future perspectives of development were concisely described. Despite more research works are needed, we envisage that the future of ACP is bright.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9934462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10762327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of decellularization protocol for caprine small intestine submucosa as a biomaterial","authors":"Hemant Singh , Shiv Dutt Purohit , Rakesh Bhaskar , Indu Yadav , Mukesh Kumar Gupta , Narayan Chandra Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Decellularized animal tissues have been proven to be promising biomaterials for various tissue engineering (TE) applications. Among various animal tissues, small intestine submucosa (SIS) has gained attention of many researchers due to its easy availability from the abattoir waste, excellent physicochemical and biological characteristics of a good biomaterial. In this study, Caprine SIS was decellularized to get decellularized caprine SIS (DG-SIS). For decellularization, several physical, chemical and enzymatic protocols have been described in the literature. To optimize the decellularization of caprine SIS, several decellularization protocol (DP), including an in-house developed by us, had been attempted, and effect of the different DPs on the obtained DG-SIS were assessed in terms of decellularization, physiochemical and biological properties. All the DPs differ in terms of decellularization, but three DPs where ionic detergent like sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) has been used, largely affect the native composition (e.g. glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)), biological properties and other physiochemical properties of the G-SIS as compared to the DP that uses hypertonic solution of potassium iodide (KI) and non-ionic detergent (TritonX-100). The obtained DG-SISs were fibrous, hemocompatible, biocompatible, hydrophilic, biodegradable and exhibited significant antibacterial activity. Therefore, the DG-SIS will be a prospective biomaterial for TE applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/75/23/main.PMC9934478.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10770004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Biomaterials enhancing performance of cell and nucleic-acid therapies: An opportunity in the brain","authors":"Christopher Lally , Kieran Joyce , Abhay Pandit","doi":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The brain has limited innate ability to promote repair, regeneration and functional recovery following injury, disease, or developmental disorder. Although cell and gene therapies have significant potential in the brain, no single treatment is likely to succeed in isolation. Here we discuss the current state of the art in cell and nucleic-acid-based neurotherapeutics and argue for the development of combination therapies that use biomaterials to help overcome the current limitations of cell and gene therapies alone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72379,"journal":{"name":"Biomaterials and biosystems","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9934481/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10762328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}