Biological psychiatry global open science最新文献

The Transition From Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Machine Learning in Neuropsychiatric Research 神经精神研究中从同构机器学习到异构机器学习的转变

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100397

{"title":"The Transition From Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Machine Learning in Neuropsychiatric Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the advantage of neuroimaging-based machine learning (ML) models as pivotal tools for investigating brain-behavior relationships in neuropsychiatric studies, these data-driven predictive approaches have yet to yield substantial, clinically actionable insights for mental health care. A notable impediment lies in the inadequate accommodation of most ML research to the natural heterogeneity within large samples. Although commonly thought of as individual-level analyses, many ML algorithms are unimodal and homogeneous and thus incapable of capturing the potentially heterogeneous relationships between biology and psychopathology. We review the current landscape of computational research targeting population heterogeneity and argue that there is a need to expand from brain subtyping and behavioral phenotyping to analyses that focus on heterogeneity at the relational level. To this end, we review and suggest several existing ML models with the capacity to discern how external environmental and sociodemographic factors moderate the brain-behavior mapping function in a data-driven fashion. These heterogeneous ML models hold promise for enhancing the discovery of individualized brain-behavior associations and advancing precision psychiatry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxytocin Reduces Noradrenergic-Induced Opioid-Like Withdrawal Symptoms in Individuals on Opioid Agonist Therapy 催产素能减轻接受阿片类激动剂治疗者的去甲肾上腺素能诱发的阿片类戒断症状

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100395

{"title":"Oxytocin Reduces Noradrenergic-Induced Opioid-Like Withdrawal Symptoms in Individuals on Opioid Agonist Therapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intranasal administration of the neuropeptide oxytocin has been explored as a potential therapeutic agent for substance use disorder including opioid use disorder (OUD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This phase 1, crossover, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial tested the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of intranasal oxytocin (80 IU) twice a day for 7 days in participants (<em>N</em> = 20) with OUD who were taking an opioid agonist therapy. In the laboratory, participants underwent opioid cue exposure paired with noradrenergic activation produced by yohimbine (32.4 mg) or placebo. Assessments included, 1) subjective response: craving, withdrawal, anxiety, and stress; 2) biomedical markers: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response (cortisol) and noradrenergic activation (α-amylase); and 3) safety measures: hemodynamics and adverse event evaluation. Generalized linear model with model-based estimator in the covariance matrix was used, with medication (oxytocin/placebo) and noradrenergic activation (yohimbine/placebo) as within-subject factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Oxytocin significantly reduced opioid-like withdrawal, anxiety symptoms, and cortisol levels elicited by cue exposure under noradrenergic activation produced by yohimbine. This effect was specific because oxytocin did not reduce craving, hemodynamics, or α-amylase levels increased by yohimbine administration. A single dose of yohimbine elicited the noradrenergic stimulation, and 7-day oxytocin administration was safe and well tolerated among individuals diagnosed with OUD and taking opioid agonist therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings of this study suggest that oxytocin alleviates opioid-like withdrawal symptoms and anxiety by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differing Pattern of Mismatch Negativity Responses in Clinical and Nonclinical Voice Hearers Challenge Predictive Coding Accounts of Psychosis 临床和非临床听声辩位者的错配负性反应模式不同，这对精神病的预测编码描述提出了挑战

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100394

{"title":"Differing Pattern of Mismatch Negativity Responses in Clinical and Nonclinical Voice Hearers Challenge Predictive Coding Accounts of Psychosis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Among people with schizophrenia (PSZ), reduced mismatch negativity (MMN) is conceptualized as evidence of disrupted prediction error signaling that underlies positive symptoms. However, this conceptualization has been challenged by observations that MMN and positive symptoms are often uncorrelated. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that reduced MMN is associated with the presence of hallucinations and delusions specifically rather than the presence of a psychiatric illness. A second aim was to determine whether the strength of the association with positive symptoms increases for indices that reflect predictions at higher levels of abstraction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-six PSZ, 34 nonclinical voice hearers, and 48 healthy comparison subjects (HCs) completed 2 MMN paradigms: one with a simple duration deviant type, and one with a higher-level, pattern-violation deviant type. We also measured the repetition positivity, which reflects the formation of auditory memory traces.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed that although PSZ exhibited the expected pattern of significantly reduced duration MMN and reduced pattern-violation MMN at the trend level compared with HCs, nonclinical voice hearers exhibited a pattern of duration MMN and pattern-violation MMN amplitude that was statistically similar to that of HCs (<em>p</em>s > .64). Similarly, PSZ exhibited a significantly reduced repetition positivity slope compared with HCs in the duration condition and a trend-level reduction compared with HCs in the pattern-violation condition. Nonclinical voice hearers did not differ from either group in repetition positivity slope in either condition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results indicate that the MMN as a prediction error signal does not reflect processes relevant for the manifestation of hallucinations and delusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Balance N1 Is Larger in Children With Anxiety and Associated With the Error-Related Negativity 焦虑症儿童的平衡 N1 较大，与错误相关的负性有关

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100393

{"title":"The Balance N1 Is Larger in Children With Anxiety and Associated With the Error-Related Negativity","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The error-related negativity (ERN) is a brain response evoked by mistakes in cognitive tasks that is enhanced with anxiety and can predict the subsequent onset or exacerbation of anxiety in children and adolescents. A physical disturbance to standing balance evokes a brain response called the balance N1 that resembles the ERN in scalp topography and in response to a variety of moderating factors. We recently found that the balance N1 and ERN correlate in amplitude across small samples of adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In the current study, we tested the effect of anxiety on the balance N1 in children (ages 9–12 years) with and without diagnosed anxiety disorders (38 children with generalized anxiety, social anxiety, and/or obsessive-compulsive disorder and 50 children without these disorders). We measured the balance N1 in response to sudden release of support from a forward leaning posture, the ERN in response to mistakes on a Go/NoGo task, and anxiety symptoms using child- and parent-report forms of the Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Emotional Disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both the balance N1 and the ERN were larger in the anxious group. The balance N1 was also associated with both the ERN and parent report of child anxiety symptom severity across individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The higher measurement reliability of the balance N1 than the ERN and greater experimental control over errors suggest that balance paradigms may provide a more powerful method for investigating individual differences in error-related brain activity related to anxiety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Shared Genetic Architecture Between Psychiatric Disorders and Executive Function 研究精神疾病与执行功能之间的共同遗传结构

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100392

{"title":"Investigating the Shared Genetic Architecture Between Psychiatric Disorders and Executive Function","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Evidence for widespread comorbidity of executive dysfunctions with psychiatric disorders suggests common mechanisms underlying their pathophysiology. However, the shared genetic architectures between psychiatric disorders and executive function (EF) remain poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Leveraging large genome-wide association study datasets of European ancestry on bipolar disorder (<em>N</em> = 353,899), major depressive disorder (<em>N</em> = 674,452), and schizophrenia (<em>N</em> = 130,644) from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and iPSYCH and a common factor of EF (<em>N</em> = 427,037) from UK Biobank, we systematically investigated the shared genomic architectures between psychiatric disorders and EF with a set of statistical genetic, functional genomic, and gene-level analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study demonstrated substantial genetic overlaps and significant genetic correlations between psychiatric disorders and EF. EF showed an estimated 95.9%, 98.1%, and 99.2% of phenotype-influencing variants, as well as 50, 23, and 130 genomic loci shared with bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia, respectively. Single nucleotide polymorphism heritability enrichment suggests that the genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders and EF involves the brain’s frontal cortex and prefrontal glutamatergic neurons 1 and 2. Functional genomic analysis of shared variants identified 12 functional regulatory variants that regulate gene expression by affecting the binding affinities of 5 transcription factors. In addition, functional characterization analyses of shared genes revealed potential common biological mechanisms related to synaptic processes and fetal brain development.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings provide evidence for extensive shared genetic architectures between psychiatric disorders and EF and have valuable implications for future mechanistic investigations and drug development efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Size and Topography of the Brain’s Functional Networks with Psychotic Experiences, Schizophrenia, and Bipolar Disorder 精神错乱体验、精神分裂症和躁郁症患者大脑功能网络的规模和拓扑图

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100386

{"title":"Size and Topography of the Brain’s Functional Networks with Psychotic Experiences, Schizophrenia, and Bipolar Disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Existing functional connectivity studies of psychosis use population-averaged functional network maps, despite highly variable topographies of these networks across the brain surface. We aimed to define the functional network areas and topographies in the general population and the changes associated with psychotic experiences (PEs) and disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Maps of 8 functional networks were generated using an individual-specific template-matching procedure for each participant from the Human Connectome Project Young Adult cohort (<em>n</em> = 1003) and from a matched case cohort (schizophrenia [SCZ], <em>n</em> = 27; bipolar disorder, <em>n</em> = 35) scanned identically with the same Connectom scanner. In the Human Connectome Project Young Adult cohort, PEs were estimated based on scores from the Achenbach Self-Report Scale. The relationship of symptoms to the probability of network representation at each cortical vertex was assessed using logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In Human Connectome Project Young Adult participants, PE severity on the Achenbach thought problems scale was predicted by increased language network (LAN) and dorsal attention network (DAN) areas and decreased cingulo-opercular network area (<em>r</em> < 0.12). Significant effects were found in SCZ, with a larger DAN and LAN and a smaller frontoparietal network. Network pattern analysis in SCZ showed an increased probability of LAN in the posterior region of the left superior temporal gyrus and of the visual network in the left insula. Regression analyses in SCZ found that mood dysregulation was related to increased DAN surface area.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Those with PEs and SCZ showed abnormal functional network cortical topographies, particularly involving DAN and LAN. Network findings may predict psychosis progression and guide earlier intervention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep Screening for X Chromosome Parent-of-Origin Effects on Neurobehavioral and Neuroanatomical Phenotypes in 47,XXY Klinefelter Syndrome 深度筛查 X 染色体原生父母对 47,XXY 克莱恩费尔特综合征神经行为和神经解剖表型的影响

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100391

{"title":"Deep Screening for X Chromosome Parent-of-Origin Effects on Neurobehavioral and Neuroanatomical Phenotypes in 47,XXY Klinefelter Syndrome","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>X chromosome parent of origin (POX) has been proposed as a source of phenotypic variation within sex chromosome aneuploidies such as Klinefelter syndrome (XXY/KS) and between XX and XY individuals. However, previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the presence and nature of POX effects, which we sought to clarify in an expanded sample with deeper neurobehavioral phenotyping.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cohort of 58 individuals with XXY/KS underwent duo or trio genome sequencing with parents (<em>n</em> = 151), measurement of 66 neurobehavioral phenotypes by standardized research assessments, and measurement of over 1000 anatomical phenotypes by structural magnetic resonance imaging. We developed a novel algorithm, the uniparental disomy visualization for variant call format files, to determine proband POX and then systematically tested for POX associations with all neurobehavioral and neuroanatomical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The uniparental disomy visualization for variant call format files algorithm showed maternal POX in 35 of 58 cases (60.3%). There were no statistically significant POX effects on any of the 66 subscale measures of cognition, psychopathology, or behavior. Neuroimaging analysis identified 2 regions in the right hemisphere with significantly higher surface area (mean effect size = 1.20) among individuals with paternal versus maternal POX (<em>q</em> = .021).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Using deeper phenotyping in an expanded sample, we did not find evidence for substantial POX effects on neurobehavioral variability, except for localized unilateral modulations of surface area in the absence of co-occurring behavioral associations. These findings help to clarify previous inconsistencies in POX research and direct attention toward other sources of clinical variability in sex chromosome aneuploidies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mindfulness Training in High-Demand Cohorts Alters Resting-State Electroencephalography: An Exploratory Investigation of Individual Alpha Frequency, Aperiodic 1/f Activity, and Microstates 高需求群体中的正念训练会改变静息态脑电图：对个体阿尔法频率、非周期性 1/f 活动和微观状态的探索性研究

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100383

{"title":"Mindfulness Training in High-Demand Cohorts Alters Resting-State Electroencephalography: An Exploratory Investigation of Individual Alpha Frequency, Aperiodic 1/f Activity, and Microstates","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mindfulness training (MT) programs have demonstrated utility as cognitive training tools, but there is little consensus on the neurophysiological processes that may underlie its benefits. It has been posited that intrinsic brain activity recorded at rest reflects the functional connectivity of large-scale brain networks and may provide insight into neuroplastic changes that support MT. In the current study, we indexed changes in several resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) parameters to investigate the neurophysiological underpinnings of MT.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Resting-state EEG data were collected from active-duty U.S. military personnel (<em>N</em> = 80) at 2 testing sessions: before (time [T] 1) and after (T2) engaging in an 8-week MT or active comparison intervention (positivity training). We examined longitudinal and/or groupwise differences in several EEG parameters through parameterization of power spectra (individual alpha frequency and 1/<em>f</em> activity) and microstate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>While no significant group × time differences were observed in individual alpha frequency, significant group × time effects were observed in several EEG parameters from T1 to T2. Compared with MT, positivity training was associated with a steepening of the 1/<em>f</em> slope and higher 1/<em>f</em> intercepts together with decreased duration and increased global field power of microstates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Taken together, these results suggest that the effects of interventions may be differentiated in resting-state brain activity in a sample of military personnel. Such findings provide insight into the neural underpinnings of MT-related brain changes, but more research is required to elucidate how these may relate to task-related neural and performance changes with MT and whether results generalize to other mindfulness interventions in alternative cohorts and contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72373,"journal":{"name":"Biological psychiatry global open science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Role of Awe and Other Psychological Factors in Ketamine’s Mechanism of Antidepressant Action 敬畏及其他心理因素在氯胺酮抗抑郁作用机制中的作用

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100353

引用次数: 0

Unraveling Autism: Using Brain Organoids to Investigate Sex Differences in Brain Development 揭开自闭症的神秘面纱利用脑有机体研究大脑发育的性别差异

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Biological psychiatry global open science Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100360

引用次数: 0