Advances in Archaeological Practice最新文献_第5页

Relationship Prediction in a Knowledge Graph Embedding Model of the Illicit Antiquities Trade 非法古物交易知识图嵌入模型中的关系预测

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2023.1

S. Graham, D. Yates, Ahmed El-Roby, Chantal Brousseau, Jonah Ellens, Callum McDermott

{"title":"Relationship Prediction in a Knowledge Graph Embedding Model of the Illicit Antiquities Trade","authors":"S. Graham, D. Yates, Ahmed El-Roby, Chantal Brousseau, Jonah Ellens, Callum McDermott","doi":"10.1017/aap.2023.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aap.2023.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The transnational networks of the illicit and illegal antiquities trade are hard to perceive. We suggest representing the trade as a knowledge graph with multiple kinds of relationships that can be transformed by a neural architecture into a “knowledge graph embedding model.” The result is that the vectorization of the knowledge represented in the graph can be queried for missing “knowledge” of the trade by virtue of the various entities’ proximity in the multidimensional embedding space. In this article, we build a knowledge graph about the antiquities trade using a semantic annotation tool, drawing on the series of articles in the Trafficking Culture Project's online encyclopedia. We then use the AmpliGraph package, a series of tools for supervised machine learning (Costabello et al. 2019) to turn the graph into a knowledge graph embedding model. We query the model to predict new hypotheses and to cluster actors in the trade. The model suggests connections between actors and institutions hitherto unsuspected and not otherwise present in the original knowledge graph. This approach could hold enormous potential for illuminating the hidden corners of the illicit antiquities trade. The same method could be applied to other kinds of archaeological knowledge.","PeriodicalId":7231,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Archaeological Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":"126 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44866553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

AAP volume 11 issue 2 Cover and Front matter AAP第11卷第2期封面和封面

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2023.5

引用次数: 0

Working with Indigenous Site Monitors and Tribal IRBs 与土著站点监督员和部落irb合作

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2023.2

Addison P. Kimmel, Steven A. Katz, M. Lewis, E. Wilk

{"title":"Working with Indigenous Site Monitors and Tribal IRBs","authors":"Addison P. Kimmel, Steven A. Katz, M. Lewis, E. Wilk","doi":"10.1017/aap.2023.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aap.2023.2","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Archaeologists have an obligation to conduct research that is relevant and responsive to the desires, interests, values, and concerns of Indigenous descendant communities. Current best practices for collaborative, community-based archaeologies emphasize long-term engagement and “full collaboration,” including the coproduction of knowledge and total stakeholder involvement. The present-day structures and demands of archaeology—especially in CRM and graduate student research contexts—can serve to make such fully collaborative work difficult, if not impossible. Oftentimes, these difficulties result in a complete abdication of collaboration or even consultation beyond the bare minimum required by law. However, professional archaeologists must strive in all instances to work alongside Native communities in respectful, responsive, and mutually beneficial ways even if this work may often fall short of the loftiest ideal. In this article, the authors present two case studies in collaboration from recent projects conducted in the North American midcontinent. These case studies clearly demonstrate how tribal fieldwork monitoring, working with tribal institutional review boards (IRBs), and other related forms of “imperfect” collaboration can still help move us toward a more ethical, inclusive, and respectful future archaeology.","PeriodicalId":7231,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Archaeological Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":"224 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41510668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Free and Low-Cost Aerial Remote Sensing in Archaeology 免费和低成本的考古航空遥感

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-04-19 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2023.3

Ian Lindsay, Arshaluys Mkrtchyan

{"title":"Free and Low-Cost Aerial Remote Sensing in Archaeology","authors":"Ian Lindsay, Arshaluys Mkrtchyan","doi":"10.1017/aap.2023.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aap.2023.3","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent years have seen the rapid expansion of airborne and spaceborne remote-sensing products adopted by archaeologists for interpreting ancient landscapes and managing heritage resources. A growing and increasingly specialized literature attests to the promise and availability of commercial and publicly funded satellite imagery, as well as UAV-mounted sensors across a range of resolutions and price points. In the South Caucasus (including the countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia), a growing commitment to landscape approaches in archaeology is stimulating the adoption of satellite remote sensing as an important new tool for identifying and managing archaeological resources while tracing the impact of historic land-use alterations in survey areas. Nevertheless, budgetary challenges and a lack of training opportunities among international partners and heritage organizations outside of the funding streams of large academic institutions can lead to widening technological gulfs in the discipline that reinforce colonial relationships. Building on recent technical articles covering specific imagery datasets, this article aims to address this by providing a general review of free or low-cost remotely sensed datasets available to archaeologists, with the aim of broadening awareness of these important tools and their vocabularies, and illustrating them with recent published examples from the South Caucasus.","PeriodicalId":7231,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Archaeological Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":"164 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41677953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Cultural Resource Damage Assessment 文化资源损失评估

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2022.46

J. Welch, S. Cowell, S. Ryan, Duston Whiting, G. Cantley

{"title":"Cultural Resource Damage Assessment","authors":"J. Welch, S. Cowell, S. Ryan, Duston Whiting, G. Cantley","doi":"10.1017/aap.2022.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aap.2022.46","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Unauthorized cultural resource alterations range from looting and grave robbing to contract violations and wildland fires. Such alterations degrade cultural resources’ spiritual, communal, ecological, economic, and scientific values. Alterations often violate communal senses of place, security, and belonging. Alterations complicate jurisdiction-specific management, which is premised on up-to-date information on resource sizes, conditions, and significance. Cultural resource damage assessment protocols based on proven forensic practices distil to eight fieldwork steps: verify the alteration, assemble the team, survey the scene, document the evidence, gather the evidence, assess the archaeological value and the cost of repair and restoration, prescribe emergency remediation, and confirm evidence documentation and custody. The eight steps give special consideration to local communities and Indigenous Territories, where unauthorized alterations are as common as they are elsewhere, whereas impacts to spiritual and cultural values are generally greater. Adapted to jurisdiction- and incident-specific circumstances, the steps will guide responses to alterations by community leaders, land managers, regulators, law enforcement agents, and archaeologists, including preparation of excellent damage assessment reports. Damage assessment practitioners and land managers should refine these practices to deter alterations, engage Tribes and other affected communities, halt postalteration degradation, ensure accountability, and enable jurisdiction-scale curation of cultural resources and their unique value constellations.","PeriodicalId":7231,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Archaeological Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":"111 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42723880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The NAGPRA Nexus, Institutional Integrity, and the Evolving Role of Archaeological Laboratories NAGPRA的联系、制度完整性和考古实验室的演变作用

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2022.43

Amanda D. Roberts Thompson, V. Thompson, Carey J. Garland, RaeLynn A. Butler, Domonique deBeaubien, Miranda Panther, Turner W. Hunt, LeeAnne Wendt, Raynella Fontenot, Linda Langley, Kristine L. Schenk, Mary E. Porter Freeman, Claire Auerbach, C. Saunders

{"title":"The NAGPRA Nexus, Institutional Integrity, and the Evolving Role of Archaeological Laboratories","authors":"Amanda D. Roberts Thompson, V. Thompson, Carey J. Garland, RaeLynn A. Butler, Domonique deBeaubien, Miranda Panther, Turner W. Hunt, LeeAnne Wendt, Raynella Fontenot, Linda Langley, Kristine L. Schenk, Mary E. Porter Freeman, Claire Auerbach, C. Saunders","doi":"10.1017/aap.2022.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aap.2022.43","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In November 1995, the Laboratory of Archaeology at the University of Georgia submitted inventories and summaries of Indigenous ancestors and funerary objects in its holdings to comply with the passage of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). However, after this submission, the Laboratory attempts at consultation with federally recognized descendant Tribal communities who have cultural ties in the state of Georgia were not successful, and NAGPRA-related activities essentially stalled at the Laboratory. Beginning in 2019, the Laboratory's staff recognized a lack of formal NAGPRA policies or standards, which led to a complete reevaluation of the Laboratory's approach to NAGPRA. In essence, it was the Laboratory's renewed engagement with NAGPRA and descendan tribal communities that became the catalyst for change in the Laboratory's philosophy as a curation repository. This shift in thinking set the Laboratory on a path toward building a descendant community–informed institutional integrity (DCIII) level of engagement with consultation and collaborative efforts in all aspects of collections management and archaeological research. In this article, we outline steps that the Laboratory has taken toward implementing meaningful policies and practices created with descendant Tribal communities that both fulfill and extend bounds of NAGPRA compliance.","PeriodicalId":7231,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Archaeological Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":"232 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42611330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Creating a Software Methodology to Analyze and Preserve Archaeological Legacy Data 创建一个软件方法来分析和保存考古遗产数据

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2022.44

Emily C. Fletcher

引用次数: 2

Discovery and Excavation of Artifacts from the Bidong Shipwreck, Malaysia 马来西亚毕东沉船文物的发现与发掘

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2022.45

Baharim Mustapa, Rafidah Razali, Kamarul Redzuan Muhamed, Badri Abdul Ghani, Muhazam Mohamed, Ruzairy Arbi, Farizah Ideris, Khairil Amri Abd Ghani, Azizi Ali, Fatin Izzati Minhat, M. Jeofry, B. B. B. Bee, H. Shaari

引用次数: 0

Lidar-Derived Road Profiles 激光雷达衍生的道路轮廓

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2022.31

S. Field

引用次数: 0

Machine Learning–Based Identification of Lithic Microdebitage 基于机器学习的Lithic小额借记识别

IF 1.4 2区历史学

Advances in Archaeological Practice Pub Date : 2023-02-16 DOI: 10.1017/aap.2022.35

Markus Eberl, Charreau S. Bell, Jesse Spencer-Smith, M. Raj, Amanda Sarubbi, Phyllis S. Johnson, Amy E. Rieth, Umang Chaudhry, Rebecca Estrada Aguila, Michael McBride

{"title":"Machine Learning–Based Identification of Lithic Microdebitage","authors":"Markus Eberl, Charreau S. Bell, Jesse Spencer-Smith, M. Raj, Amanda Sarubbi, Phyllis S. Johnson, Amy E. Rieth, Umang Chaudhry, Rebecca Estrada Aguila, Michael McBride","doi":"10.1017/aap.2022.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aap.2022.35","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Archaeologists tend to produce slow data that is contextually rich but often difficult to generalize. An example is the analysis of lithic microdebitage, or knapping debris, that is smaller than 6.3 mm (0.25 in.). So far, scholars have relied on manual approaches that are prone to intra- and interobserver errors. In the following, we present a machine learning–based alternative together with experimental archaeology and dynamic image analysis. We use a dynamic image particle analyzer to measure each particle in experimentally produced lithic microdebitage (N = 5,299) as well as an archaeological soil sample (N = 73,313). We have developed four machine learning models based on Naïve Bayes, glmnet (generalized linear regression), random forest, and XGBoost (“Extreme Gradient Boost[ing]”) algorithms. Hyperparameter tuning optimized each model. A random forest model performed best with a sensitivity of 83.5%. It misclassified only 28 or 0.9% of lithic microdebitage. XGBoost models reached a sensitivity of 67.3%, whereas Naïve Bayes and glmnet models stayed below 50%. Except for glmnet models, transparency proved to be the most critical variable to distinguish microdebitage. Our approach objectifies and standardizes microdebitage analysis. Machine learning allows studying much larger sample sizes. Algorithms differ, though, and a random forest model offers the best performance so far.","PeriodicalId":7231,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Archaeological Practice","volume":"11 1","pages":"152 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45123367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1