Optical Review最新文献

{"title":"An evaluation method of optical feedback factor using the slope characteristics of reconstructed signal in self-mixing interferometer","authors":"Song-Chol Pak,&nbsp;Chol-Yong Ri,&nbsp;Jin-Hyok Choe,&nbsp;Chol-Myong Sok,&nbsp;Kuk-Gang Kim","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01041-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01041-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For applications of self-mixing laser sensors, it is very important to measure the optical feedback factor quickly and accurately in the optical feedback regime. In this paper, we propose a method to estimate the optical feedback factor using the slope characteristics of the reconstructed signal near the phase transition in a self-mixing interferometer. The advantage of this method is that it can be applied to various optical feedback levels and the computation time is not affected by the sampling frequency. We show the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulations and experiments with low-cost semiconductor lasers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"242 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a retroreflective model using differentiable rendering for mid-air image simulation","authors":"Ryo Sugawara,&nbsp;Naoya Koizumi","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01038-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01038-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to enable the design of Aerial Imaging by Retro-Reflection (AIRR) systems entirely with simulation, eliminating physical prototyping. It is essential to accurately simulate mid-air image brightness and blur, which vary with observation angle and floating distance. We propose a retroreflective model and a differentiable rendering framework for accurate mid-air image simulation using ray tracing. Experiments show that our method improved SSIM by 0.069–0.183 and reduced LPIPS by 0.134–0.160 on average. It achieved higher structural and perceptual fidelity than the conventional model. This advancement enables more practical and accurate design of AIRR systems through simulation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"221 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10043-026-01038-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of SnO2:Au nanofilms using pulsed laser deposition for effective antibacterial applications","authors":"Adel Ch. Majeed,&nbsp;Aseel A. Chasb","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01036-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01036-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this research, utilized the pulse laser deposition (PLD) technique to craft pure SnO₂ and gold-doped SnO₂ thin films with varying concentrations 0.5, 1, and 3% Au. These novel films were applied on Si (111) substrates to evaluate their exceptional antibacterial efficacy against either gram-positive and gram-negative micro-organisms. Our thorough investigation examined the influence of adding on the surface morphology of deposited thin films employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our findings unveiled a clearly that crystallite size was multi crystalline for all prepared samples, correlation between the grain magnitude of the nanoparticles on the roof and the maxing concentration, underscoring that an upsurge in doping concentration led to a proportional increase in grain size. Notably, our research pinpointed the optimal doping concentration at a 3% Au to SnO₂ ratio. Furthermore, delved into the effects of Au doping on the optical properties of the deposited films using UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometry. The results of our extensive testing unequivocally demonstrated a high level of antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, showcasing the immense potential of utilizing Au: SnO₂ structures in cutting-edge biomedical applications. Our research indicates that these structures possess unparalleled antibacterial properties and offer controlled nano-structuring achievable through the PLD technique.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"206 - 213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of test distance on refraction bias at 3 m, 5 m, and optical 5 m, compared with 20 m","authors":"Yo Iwata","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01035-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01035-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To quantify accommodation-related bias in objective refraction measured at 3 m, 5 m, and an optical 5 m space-saving chart (SSC) relative to a 20 m reference, and to evaluate simple distance-specific corrections to obtain 20 m-equivalent values.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Eighteen healthy adults with myopia (20–29 years; right eyes) underwent open-field autorefractor measurements (WAM-5500). At 20 m, over-refraction was performed in 0.05 diopter (D) increments, adjusting the sphere/cylinder values as close to 0.00 D as possible. Refraction was recorded at 5 m, 3 m, and optical 5 m (SSC-370) in a randomized order. Ten readings per condition were averaged. The primary outcome was spherical equivalent (SE). Bland–Altman bias and 95% limits of agreement (LoA) were estimated; secondary analyses compared shift magnitudes among short distances.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Mean (± standard deviation) SE was − 0.030 ± 0.047 D (20 m), − 0.212 ± 0.032 D (5 m), − 0.342 ± 0.023 D (3 m), and − 0.225 ± 0.037 D (SSC). Myopic shifts versus 20 m were significant (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). LoA were − 0.285 to − 0.081 (5 m), − 0.413 to − 0.211 (3 m), and − 0.314 to − 0.077 (SSC). The 3 m shift exceeded that of 5 m and SSC (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001); the shifts at 5 m and SSC did not differ (<i>p</i> = 0.31).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Shorter test distances introduce a systematic myopic bias in objective refraction, being the greatest at 3 m; 5 m and SSC (optical 5 m) are comparable. Applying distance-specific constant corrections may allow practical conversion to 20 m-equivalent values.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"201 - 205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the performance of InAs/GaSb superlattice infrared detectors via GaSb substrate thinning and etching","authors":"Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Niwei Zhang,&nbsp;Kun Wang,&nbsp;Yanchao Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoning Guan,&nbsp;Pengfei Lu","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01033-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01033-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The intrinsic infrared absorption of GaSb substrate has long been recognized as a critical limitation in the performance of long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) detectors. Although back-thinning of the substrate is commonly employed in focal plane array (FPA) fabrication, a systematic quantitative relationship between substrate thickness and detector performance has remained unclear. In this study, we applied a combined process of mechanical grinding and chemical polishing to progressively thin the GaSb substrate from its initial thickness down to 500 μm, 400 μm, 200 μm, 100 μm, 50 μm, and 30 μm, respectively. Photoelectric testing at 77 K reveals a clear positive correlation between the extent of thinning and detector performance. Specifically, as the substrate thickness decreases, the optical transmittance in the infrared band increases significantly. At 30 μm, the responsivity (Vs) and specific detectivity (D*) improves by 10.36% and 7.6% respectively, compared with the initial 500 μm state. To further mitigate substrate-induced absorption losses, we selected CrO₃ etching solution with significant selectivities between GaSb and InAsSb to remove GaSb substrate, and achieved an FPA responsivity enhancement of 18.3%. Our work establishes, for the first time, a clear quantitative relationship between GaSb substrate thickness and Type-II Superlattice (T2SL)detector performance. The research findings indicate the potential application of the substrate removal technology in IR detector fabrication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"193 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147360282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast local Laplacian filter-based tone mapping operator via brightness, contrast, and color enhancements using S-shape functions","authors":"Seiichi Kojima,&nbsp;Noriaki Suetake","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01032-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01032-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A high-dynamic-range (HDR) image accommodates a wide range of brightness information of a scene. A tone-mapping operator (TMO) compresses the dynamic range of an HDR image to display the HDR image on a low-dynamic-range (LDR)-output device. Paris et al. proposed a TMO that uses a local Laplacian filter (LLF). LLF manipulates the Laplacian pyramid coefficients of the input image for edge-aware image processing. Paris et al.’s TMO outputs a comparably high-quality and natural-looking image. In addition, it can be accelerated by using a fast local Laplacian filter (FLLF), which is a fast approximation version of LLF. However, it suffers from loss of details in bright regions. In this paper, we propose a new TMO using FLLF and S-shape functions. In it, the dynamic range compression using FLLF is applied to the input HDR image. Then, to obtain an image with natural brightness, the brightness is adjusted using S-shape functions. After that, local contrast and color enhancements using S-shape functions are applied to the brightness-adjusted image. The contrast and color-enhanced images are fused using the equi-hue plane so that the local contrast and color enhancement effects are properly reflected on the final output image. The proposed TMO can generate natural-looking and high-quality tone-mapped images with suppressed loss of details. Through qualitative and quantitative evaluations, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed TMO.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"176 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147360283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-light Image Enhancement Using Parametric S-Shaped Functions","authors":"Manaka Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Ayaka Fujita,&nbsp;Takanori Koga,&nbsp;Noriaki Suetake","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01031-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01031-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Images captured in low-light environments often suffer from poor visibility and low contrast. Although numerous enhancement techniques have been proposed, most existing methods, while improving brightness and contrast, tend to lose fine details or introduce unnatural artifacts caused by over-enhancement. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a novel image enhancement method that integrates dark region adjustment, image sharpening, and contrast enhancement. The method leverages parametric S-shaped functions: an inverse S-shaped function is first applied to selectively enhance dark regions, followed by multi-scale enhancement with standard S-shaped functions to improve sharpness and contrast while preserving details. In addition, a hue-preserving process is incorporated to maintain natural color appearance. Extensive qualitative and quantitative evaluations demonstrate that the proposed method effectively overcomes the limitations of conventional methods.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"162 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146205410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a 2-bit compact directional logic multiplier based on micro-ring resonators","authors":"Yunying Shi,&nbsp;Tian Zhou,&nbsp;Cong Hu,&nbsp;Aijun Zhu,&nbsp;Haiying Xia,&nbsp;Xijun Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10043-025-01025-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-025-01025-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the context of the digital economy era, the demand for computing power is showing an exponential growth trend. Optical computing technology, due to its unique advantages, has become an important development direction for the next-generation computing architecture. To break through the performance bottleneck of traditional computing units, this paper proposes a compact 2-bit optical directional logic multiplier based on micro-ring resonators. The core innovation of this design lies in the use of a micro-ring resonator structure coated with a HfO₂ insulating layer and an ITO activating material, which realizes rapid electro-optic tuning through an applied bias voltage, significantly improving the computing efficiency. The simulation experiment results show that this multiplier structure is highly compact consisting of only 6 micro-ring resonators, with an overall size controlled at 43 μm × 25 μm; it has excellent performance, with an insertion loss as low as 0.34 dB; and it fast operation, capable of stably performing 2-bit multiplication operations. These characteristics fully demonstrate the significant advantages of this design in terms of integration, energy efficiency ratio, and computing speed, providing a feasible technical path for the miniaturization and practical application of optical computing chips.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 1","pages":"104 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of fluoride ion using U-bent optical fiber functionalized with curcumin-tagged gold nanoparticles","authors":"P. Vayunandana Kishore,&nbsp;N. Rajeswara Rao,&nbsp;B. M. Pratima,&nbsp;D. Vijaya Lakshmi,&nbsp;A. Suneel Kumar,&nbsp;Muthaiyan Xavier Suresh","doi":"10.1007/s10043-025-01027-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-025-01027-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper demonstrates a cost-effective approach for the detection and quantification of fluoride ions using a U-bent plastic optical fiber surface-modified with curcumin-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The U-bent geometry significantly enhances the interaction between the evanescent field and the surrounding medium, thereby increasing the probe’s sensitivity. Curcumin, a natural dye known for its strong binding affinity toward both gold nanoparticles and fluoride ions, acts as a highly selective sensing agent. Upon reacting with fluoride ions, curcumin forms a stable complex that induces a distinct color change and alters the local refractive index (R.I.) of the medium. By illuminating the U-bent probe with a suitable wavelength, this change in R.I. is reflected in the transmitted light intensity, allowing for correlation with fluoride concentration via absorbance measurements. The sensor exhibits a linear response over the range of 0–1 mg/L, with a sensitivity of 0.62 A.U/mg/L and a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 mg/L. This chemistry-induced, absorbance-based detection approach eliminates the need for complex and expensive instrumentation, making it well-suited for field deployment. In addition to its high sensitivity and selectivity, the sensor is rapid, eco-friendly, and scalable for commercial applications. Its simplicity in design and seamless integrability with other electronic systems make it as a promising sought after technology.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 1","pages":"76 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of optical design and mold cutting technologies for microlens arrays for floating images","authors":"Hiroshi Saito,&nbsp;Tsuneyuki Kobayashi,&nbsp;Yugo Sasaki,&nbsp;Satomu Kanazawa,&nbsp;Takako Matsumura,&nbsp;Kazumi Sawamura,&nbsp;Hirotsugu Yamamoto","doi":"10.1007/s10043-025-01024-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-025-01024-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the development of a microlens array (MLA) for floating image applications, addressing challenges in both optical design and mold manufacturing. Passive optical floating image systems that operate without external power sources employ various approaches, such as retro-reflectors and dihedral corner reflector arrays. Among these, the MLA offers the distinct advantage of higher image brightness. However, research on floating image devices employing MLA remains limited. This is likely due to constraints on resolution and viewing angle in the MLA method, as well as significant tool wear encountered during mold machining. To overcome these challenges, the authors conducted a study on optical design and mold manufacturing for MLAs. In the optical design phase, a custom macro program in CODE V was used to optimize the MLA geometry for simultaneous improvement of resolution and viewing angle. Floating images formed by the optimized MLA were subsequently simulated using LightTools. The resolution of floating images was evaluated by spot diagrams, and the illuminance of the simulated floating images observed at various angles was also quantitatively assessed. In the mold manufacturing phase, cutting experiments were conducted on a 6.5-inch diagonal electroless Ni-P workpiece using an ultraprecision 5-axis machine tool ROBONANO UiA manufactured by FANUC Corporation. Two types of single-crystal diamond tools—a normal tool and a newly developed wear-resistant tool—were applied. After the experiments, the form error and surface roughness of the molds were evaluated using a laser-probe 3D measurement system (NH-3SP manufactured by Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd). To summarize the results, the optical design achieved a viewing angle of 45° and an RMS spot diagram radius of 0.41 mm, effectively suppressing ghost rays. In addition, the developed MLA produced a brighter primary image than a conventional MLA, maintaining 78–90% of the front-view illuminance when observed from an angle of 17.5°, and 11–24% even when the observation angle was increased to 22.5°. In the mold cutting experiments, the wear-resistant tool maintained stable form accuracy and surface roughness Ra below 6 nm even after machining 68,000 microlenses. However, the initial form error varied from 0.42 μm to 1.03 μm. A contributing factor to this variation was the mismatch between the nose radius of the tool and the design value of the lens curvature radius.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 1","pages":"121 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146095897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}