Optical Review最新文献

{"title":"Low-error, adjustable measuring range photonic-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement scheme based on frequency-phase mapping","authors":"Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Jianxin Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01050-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01050-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we propose a photonic-assisted instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) scheme based on frequency-phase mapping, which features an adjustable measurement range and low error. In this IFM method, a linear frequency-phase mapping is established by leveraging the phase difference between two radio-frequency (RF) output signals. Prior to inputting the signal under test (SUT) into the two RF ports of the DP-DDMZM, it is transmitted through coaxial cables with differing lengths. The relative delay introduced between the two SUT signals in this process maps the SUT frequency information to the phase of the 1st order optical sideband. The measurement range of the system can be adjusted by modifying the time delay induced by the length difference of the coaxial cable between the two RF paths. This reconstruction process does not affect the measurement error and frequency resolution of the system, thereby achieving frequency measurements that are both flexible and highly accurate. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has a frequency resolution of 10.092 kHz and achieves a low measurement error within ± 0.08 GHz across a wide frequency range from 8 to 50 GHz.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"301 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic evaluation of model-based learning for cost-effective 3-D photoacoustic imaging with sparse 2-D matrix arrays","authors":"Misaki Nishiyama,&nbsp;Takeshi Namita,&nbsp;Makoto Yamakawa,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Shiina","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01048-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01048-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photoacoustic (PA) imaging enables high-contrast visualization of blood vessels; however, accurate 3-D vascular imaging requires volumetric information across a wide frequency band. Sparse-element 2-D matrix array transducers can enable rapid and cost-effective 3-D imaging. However, when used with conventional universal back projection (UBP) techniques, these systems often suffer from image degradation. Model-based learning (MBLr), which integrates physical models with deep learning, has emerged as a promising approach to address this limitation and improve image quality from sparse sensor configurations. In this study, we performed simulation-based analyses of 3-D PA images to investigate the extent to which MBLr can achieve high contrast using a sparse, cost-effective matrix array and to examine the mechanism underlying its image quality improvements. Quantitative image quality metrics showed that MBLr provided significant improvements compared with conventional UBP reconstruction methods. Specifically, a sparse 16 × 16 array (Case S) reconstructed using MBLr outperformed both the baseline 32 × 32 array (Case B) and the ultra-wideband 32 × 32 array (Case U). Spatial frequency analysis revealed that MBLr enhanced high-frequency recovery in the in-plane (<i>x</i> and <i>y</i>) directions and improved low-frequency components in the axial (<i>z</i>) direction. These improvements enabled substantially enhanced 3-D vascular visualization with superior vessel delineation, contrast, and structural preservation. Overall, our findings demonstrate that MBLr enables high-quality volumetric imaging with sparse array transducer, providing important insights for the design of cost-effective PA imaging systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"277 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator with nonreciprocal optical path based on faraday rotation mirror","authors":"Mingyuan Yang,&nbsp;Yichao Teng,&nbsp;Li Han,&nbsp;Zhongyao Chen,&nbsp;Xiaobo Zhuansun","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01051-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01051-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Signal instability in conventional dual-loop optoelectronic oscillators (OEOs) poses a significant challenge to their practical implementation. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel OEO architecture based on a polarization-nonreciprocal dual-loop structure. The proposed configuration employs a Faraday rotating mirror (FRM) in the optical path, which inherently offers resilience against environmental perturbations. This design ensures a fixed polarization rotation per circulation, effectively eliminating polarization-induced drift. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed OEO achieves a phase noise of -101.8 dBc/Hz at a 10 kHz offset. Moreover, it exhibits output power stability 4.5 times higher than that of conventional designs, along with a 22.1 dB improvement in the sideband rejection ratio. This work presents a simple and effective approach for stable, high-performance microwave signal generation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 3","pages":"321 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148289424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tunable terahertz filter based on graphene and black phosphorene with machine learning-aided analysis","authors":"Hamza Ben Krid,&nbsp;Achref Gadhgadhi,&nbsp;Aymen Hlali,&nbsp;Yassine Hachaïchi,&nbsp;Hassen Zairi","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01049-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01049-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes a tunable terahertz filter based on graphene and black phosphorene (BP), with machine learning-aided analysis. The design consists of five square elements fabricated from graphene, BP, or a hybrid of both, integrated with a metallic waveguide on an Arlon substrate. The study explores three structural setups. In the first, the squares are made entirely of graphene; in the second, they are composed of black phosphorus (BP); and in the third, a graphene layer is placed on top of a BP layer. Modeling and simulation of the structure were performed using the Wave Concept Iterative Process method alongside CST Studio Suite. By leveraging the complementary properties of graphene and BP, the hybrid configuration demonstrates enhanced performance compared to filters based on either material alone. Specifically, the resonant frequency shifts toward higher values, accompanied by a broader tuning range than in the other configurations. In the hybrid case, the resonance frequency <span>(f_r)</span> increases from 7.5 to 8.45 THz, while the bandwidth <span>(Delta f_r)</span> varies from 0.13 to 0.35 THz, indicating a notable improvement in tunability and spectral selectivity. Machine learning models, including Random Forest and XGBoost, were trained on simulation data to predict resonance frequency and bandwidth based on key material features which are graphene’s chemical potential, temperature, relaxation time, and BP’s electron doping level. Both models demonstrated high accuracy with <span>(R^2)</span> values above 0.998, enabling rapid and reliable tuning of the filter. The Random Forest model showed slightly better predictive performance, making it a valuable tool for efficient filter design optimization in reconfigurable terahertz applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"291 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrafast laser propagation and pulse compensation method for underwater laser sensing","authors":"Haotian Shi,&nbsp;Yani Zuo,&nbsp;Fangfei Wu,&nbsp;Huifeng Zheng,&nbsp;Hao Qiao,&nbsp;Limeng Luo,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01030-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01030-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In underwater ultrafast laser propagation and sensing, to solve the problem of pulse broadening and accurate calculation of dispersion parameters in pulse compression, an underwater ultrafast laser propagation model and pulse compression method is proposed. Starting from the Lorentz-Lorenz equation and the nonlinear Schrödinger equation, this paper considers the nonlinear effects of lasers and the dispersion in water to demonstrate a theoretical model for the beam propagation characteristics of underwater ultrafast laser. Furthermore, an optimization model is proposed for dispersion compensation and pulse compression based on nonlinear optimization. This method can predict the dynamic evolution of underwater ultrafast laser pulses and calculate the optimal dispersion parameter for pulse compression, offering significant theoretical and practical value for underwater laser sensing, laser imaging, and laser communication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"155 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of coating features on the thermal efficiency of flat-plate solar collectors","authors":"Samah A. Al-Heeti,&nbsp;Ruaa H. Jasim,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Aljaafar","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01047-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01047-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research measures the effects of surface coating to absorber surfaces in the thermal performance of a glazed flat-plate solar collector (FPC). Two finishes are contrasted on aluminum, with (i) a high-temperature black paint and (ii) a spray-deposited CuO TiO₂ nanocomposite annealed after the deposition. Both are covered with a low-iron tempered glass cover. The optical properties; solar-weighted absorptance (α), total normal emittance (ε) are measured at integrating-sphere Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) and emittance meter, microstructure and phase are probed with the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal performance is measured with the ISO 9806 steady-state method, and fitted with the Hottel Whillier-Bliss (HWB) correlation. A representative, realistic dataset shows the nanocomposite (3 wt% CuO in TiO₂) achieves <i>α</i> = 0.97 ± 0.01, <i>ε</i>(at 100 °C) = 0.86 ± 0.02, versus <i>α</i> = 0.96 ± 0.01, <i>ε</i> = 0.92 ± 0.02 for black paint. Efficiency-curve regression yields <i>η0</i> = 0.82, <i>a</i>1 = 3.55 Wm⁻²K^− 1, <i>a</i>2 = 0.014⁻² K^− 2 for the nanocomposite and <i>η0</i> = 0.79, <i>a</i>1 = 3.95, <i>a</i>2 = 0.015 for black paint. For a 2.0 m² collector at a daily insolation of 6.2 kWhm² and ΔT̄≈15 K, useful energy is ~ 9.30 kWh/day vs.~8.93 kWh/day ( ≈ + 4–5%). Adhesion and salt-spray screening also favor the nanocomposite.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"270 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-core Yb: YAG crystalline waveguide fabrication","authors":"Xing Hu","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01043-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01043-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adhesive-free thermal bonding is a key technology for the fabrication of crystalline waveguide lasers. In this study, refractive index matching was employed to reduce the numerical aperture (NA), with Yb: YAG and Er: YAG laser crystals selected as the bonding materials. Based on gap closure theory, the surface morphology conditions required for successful gap closure between the two crystals were calculated, establishing the following processing specifications: root mean square (RMS) roughness &lt; 0.6 nm, surface figure accuracy better than λ/20, and summit radius in the range of 0.14–0.18 mm. A comprehensive grinding and polishing procedure was developed, incorporating real-time dynamic monitoring to promptly identify process deviations and ensure precision at each stage. Post-processing measurements using a Zygo three-dimensional optical profiler demonstrated that the Yb: YAG sample exhibited a surface figure (PV) of 26.11 nm, an RMS roughness σ of 0.479 nm, and a summit radius of 0.16 mm, while the Er: YAG sample showed a PV of 20.87 nm, an RMS roughness σ of 0.557 nm, and a summit radius of 0.16 mm. Both samples met the optical contact criteria. Hydrophilic surfaces were achieved through hydrochloric acid activation, and an optimized thermal treatment enhanced the bonding strength. After four bonding attempts, a large-core Yb: YAG crystalline waveguide was successfully fabricated, providing a critical technological foundation for the development of next-generation high-power laser devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"250 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The distribution of high-order harmonic generation by (mathrm{H_2^+}) at different laser deflection angles under non-Born-Oppenheimer approximation","authors":"Fanmiao Meng,&nbsp;Weiwei Yu","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01044-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01044-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nuclear quantum effects strongly modify the electron dynamics in intense laser fields, which has recently triggered extensive investigations into high-order harmonic generation. Nevertheless, there is limited theoretical research regarding the nuclear effect at various laser deflection angles. This work examines the high-order harmonic generation by <span>(mathrm{H_2^+})</span> at different laser deflection angles, comparing the harmonic features under the non-Born-Oppenheimer approximation (NBOA) with the fixed-nuclei approximation. Under the NBOA, it is seen that the harmonic intensity along the molecule axis diminishes as the deflection angle increases, while the interference modulation stays relatively mild. Furthermore, the time-frequency spectra of emissions at various moments are examined, indicating that the weak modulation results from the suppression of the extended trajectory. As the deflection angle increases, the expansion of the internuclear distance diminishes. While the multi-track effect influences interference, nuclear motion impacts nucleus return time and ionization rate, alters harmonic intensity, and exerts a restraining effect on harmonics emitted.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"260 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Broadband reflective circular dichroism in the visible-light region from an aluminum chiral metasurface fabricated with a lift-off-free double-layer structure","authors":"Atsushi Motogaito,&nbsp;Ryune Fukushi,&nbsp;Yoshiki Takeshima,&nbsp;Kotaro Ito,&nbsp;Takeshi Kato,&nbsp;Kazumasa Hiramatsu","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01040-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01040-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We experimentally and numerically investigate an aluminum (Al) chiral metasurface exhibiting broadband reflective circular dichroism (RCD) in the visible. The metasurface comprises a Z-shaped unit cell patterned in electron-beam resist on fused silica and covered with thermally evaporated Al. A lift-off-free “double-layer” Al/resist architecture is formed in a single deposition, consisting of (i) Al on the resist surface and (ii) Al at the aperture bottoms, separated by the resist. Rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) reproduces the measured co- and cross-polarized reflectances under right- and left-circularly polarized illumination and clarifies parameter dependences. The simulated RCD, defined as the difference between cross-polarized reflectances for the two circular polarizations, exceeds 0.2 over a visible band (≈480–630 nm). The measured spectra show consistent peak positions, with a maximum RCD of ~ 0.12 and values ≥ 0.05 across ~ 508–640 nm. The remaining simulation–experiment gap is likely influenced by uncertainties in thickness, particularly the postexposure/development resist thickness (estimated to decrease from ~ 100 nm to ~ 50–60 nm), as well as metallization-related factors such as the effective Al coverage/thickness. Electromagnetic-field analysis indicates polarization-dependent localization: edge-localized plasmons enhance the magnetic response and cross-polarized reflection for one handedness, whereas field confinement inside the recesses increases absorption and suppresses the cross-polarized response of the opposite handedness. Because the structure is implemented without multilayer alignment and relies on a single metal deposition, it provides a fabrication-friendly route to visible-band chiroptical devices. This lithography-compatible, visible-band platform is promising for polarization control and chiroptical sensing, including compact components compatible with white-light illumination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"231 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10043-026-01040-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147586481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of imaging property in optical system of aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR)","authors":"Katsunari Ashimine,&nbsp;Shiro Suyama,&nbsp;Hirotsugu Yamamoto","doi":"10.1007/s10043-026-01034-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10043-026-01034-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper proposes a simple method for predicting the line‑spread of an aerial imaging optical system using the aerial imaging by retro-reflection (AIRR) technique. The approach involves fitting test chart data in red, green, and blue, using two retro-reflector sizes, to construct an optical model. Analysis reveals that diffraction effects intensify with decreasing retro-reflector size and increasing wavelength. This technique enables estimation of optical spread characteristics without reliance on large-scale simulations of array-based systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"33 2","pages":"314 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10043-026-01034-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147535835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}