{"title":"Brain Disorders and its Treatment","authors":"Manu Mitra","doi":"10.33552/ABEB.2018.01.000512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/ABEB.2018.01.000512","url":null,"abstract":"LBrain is the collection of supportive tissues and nerve cells like meninges and glial cells [1]. Diagnostic test is to take a brain scan that takes pictures of the brain; similar to X-ray that can see inside the body to diagnose a broken bone, a brain scan can see inside the skull. Two major scans for diagnosing a brain are Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Brain scans are normally painless and non-invasive. The most difficult part is to sit or lie for a long time and some patients may also need medicines for claustrophobia. Computer Tomography (CT) scan integrates high speed X-ray technology with a computer. CT scanner circles the head, taking scanning every angle. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses magnets and radio waves to generate pictures of the brain tissues. MRI scans create two dimensional or three dimensional pictures of the brain and unlike CT scans, it does not use radiations [2] (Figure 1&2). Cure for Brain Diseases is One Step Closer?","PeriodicalId":72276,"journal":{"name":"Archives in biomedical engineering & biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69448443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aaron C Wilson, Pierre F Neuenschwander, Shih-Feng Chou
{"title":"Engineering Approaches to Prevent Blood Clotting from Medical Implants.","authors":"Aaron C Wilson, Pierre F Neuenschwander, Shih-Feng Chou","doi":"10.33552/abeb.2018.01.000510","DOIUrl":"10.33552/abeb.2018.01.000510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injectable and/or Implantable medical devices are widely used in the treatment of diseases. Among them, vascular stents provide the medical solution to treat blood clotting. However, traditional metallic stents, even with current improvements in anticoagulation properties, have potential drawbacks in local inflammation when first implanted into the body and undesirable protein adsorption and cell adhesion after a prolonged period of time in the body. In this perspective, we discuss several engineering approaches, including drug-eluting materials, polymeric and non-polymeric coatings, and surface modifications to coating materials that can be applied to the surface of medical implants to significantly improve the hemocompatibility. These coatings are expected to have a slow degradation rate with the ability to either load drugs or attach biomacromolecules to form an architecture that mimics the surrounding cells. In general, our perspective provides a current view on the achievements of hemo-compatible coatings and future trends in coating materials that will extend the life of the medical implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":72276,"journal":{"name":"Archives in biomedical engineering & biotechnology","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7451636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9396370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Important Challenges in the Search for a Correct Characterization of Arbovirus Cases","authors":"C. C. Cirne Santos","doi":"10.33552/abeb.2018.01.000513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/abeb.2018.01.000513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72276,"journal":{"name":"Archives in biomedical engineering & biotechnology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69448455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Theory of Language and Meaning in Phenomenological Structuralism","authors":"Paul C. Mocombe","doi":"10.33552/abeb.2019.01.000518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/abeb.2019.01.000518","url":null,"abstract":"Paul C Mocombe’s [1] structurationist theory of phenomenological structuralism, in keeping with the logic of structurationist sociology, assumes practical activity and consciousness, i.e., practical consciousness, to be the basis for understanding human behavior and consciousness in the world. Consciousness here refers to subjective awareness of phenomenal experiences (ideology, language, self, feelings, choice, control of voluntary behavior, thoughts, etc.) of internal and external worlds. The academic literature “describes three possibilities regarding the origin and place of consciousness in the universe: (A) as an emergent property of complex brain neuronal computation, (B) as spiritual quality of the universe, distinct from purely physical actions, and (C) as composed of discrete ‘proto-conscious’ events acting in accordance with physical laws not yet fully understood” Hameroff & Penrose [2]. The latter position, (C), represents the ORCH-OR (“orchestrated objective reduction”) theory of [2], which includes aspects of (A) and (B), and posits that “consciousness consists of discrete moments, each an ‘orchestrated’ quantum-computational process terminated by... an action objective reduction or OR rooted in quantum aspects of the fine structure of space—time geometry, this being coupled to brain neuronal processes via microtubules”. In this view, the understanding is that a protoconscious experience existed in the universe, panpsychism, and as a result of emergent structures of the brain it (proto-conscious experience, psychion) became embodied and evolved as a result of quantum neuronal computations of “brains”.","PeriodicalId":72276,"journal":{"name":"Archives in biomedical engineering & biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69448463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Success of Endoscopy with Narrow Band Imaging in Diagnosis of Cervixcal Metaplasia","authors":"S. Anter","doi":"10.33552/abeb.2018.01.000506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/abeb.2018.01.000506","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME-NBI) has outstanding diagnostic correctness for gastrointestinal metaplasia and is hoped for being highly useful in the diagnosis of cervical metaplasia. This study aims to detect the feature findings and access the diagnostic power of ME-NBI for diagnosis of cervical metaplasia.","PeriodicalId":72276,"journal":{"name":"Archives in biomedical engineering & biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46443270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}