Annals of blood最新文献

{"title":"Intrauterine, neonatal and pediatric transfusion therapy","authors":"Y. Mo, B. Bahar, C. Jacquot","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46362240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anemia and red blood cell transfusion in the adult non-bleeding patient","authors":"C. D. Burns","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-51","url":null,"abstract":"Anemia is a global health issue. It is associated with a wide variety of disease states in both medical and surgical patients. Increased morbidity and mortality are notable in patients with even mild anemia. Clinicians often consider red blood cell (RBC) transfusions as first-line therapy for patients with anemia to raise the hemoglobin (Hgb) level and increase oxygen delivery. RBC transfusion in the hemorrhaging patient can be lifeor limb-saving. However, RBC transfusion may result in serious adverse events, both acute and delayed, and thus, the medical decision to transfuse in the non-bleeding, anemic patient must be carefully considered. Recent literature identifies RBC transfusion practice, in a multitude of patient populations, can be readily avoided with attention placed on proper assessment of patient symptoms, optimal diagnosis of the etiology of the anemia, and appropriate treatment thereof. This review seeks to collate the current state of the science regarding RBC transfusions in the adult non-bleeding patient. Evidence-based alternatives to transfusion will also be briefly presented.","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial contamination and sepsis associated with transfusion: current status in Latin America","authors":"Michel-Andrés García-Otálora, María-Antonieta Núñez-Ahumada, Silvina Kuperman, Leonardo Oliveira-Leitão, F. Silveira, Rita Martins, Mónica Pesántez-Pesántez, Jorge Gutiérrez, Romi-Edenilse Alcaráz-Paredes, Eddy Renzo Manrique Castagnola, A. Bravo-Lindoro, E. Vinelli, Marta Lilian González, Keydi Juárez, M. Bermúdez-Forero","doi":"10.21037/AOB-20-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/AOB-20-92","url":null,"abstract":"In 2016 and 2017, eighteen Latin American countries transfused 21,808,541 blood components, 55.9% corresponded to red blood cells and 20.1% to platelet concentrates. In the same period, only Brazil reported to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) six cases of sepsis due to bacterial contamination (BC; four in 2016 and two in 2017). These data represent a frequency of one case per 3,634,756 transfused blood components. These results contrast with those notified by the haemovigilance reports from North America, Europe, Africa, and Oceania, where transmitted-transfusion bacterial infection (TTBI) frequency range 1:14,515 to 1:384,903 in transfused platelets, and 1:96,850 to 1:3,448,275 in transfused erythrocytes. Today’s frequency of TTBI is higher than viral infections. Although strategies such as diversion of the first aliquot, bacterial detection during storage, and pathogen reduction technologies (PRT) reduce the risk of TTBI, they do not eliminate it. This review aims to establish the strategies implemented to reduce TTBI in Latin American countries and know the number of cases recorded. Likewise, we determined the limitations that prevent TTBI notification. Finally, we estimated the number of events that should be presented based on more experienced haemovigilance programs. TTBI mitigation strategies vary within each country and throughout the Latin American region. There are blood banks that have not yet implemented the diversion 18 ^ ORCID: 0000-0001-9637-8937. Annals of Blood, 2021 Page 2 of 18 © Annals of Blood. All rights reserved. Ann Blood 2021 | http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aob-20-92 Introduction Blood transfusion is one of the therapeutic strategies employed in clinical practice (1). However, its use carries not only benefits but also potential risks. Transfusiontransmitted infections (TTIs) comprise several biological agents (viruses, parasites, bacteria, fungi, and prions) transmitted during the administration of whole blood or blood components (2). To date, there are more than 68 potentially causative agents of TTI (3,4). However, currently, the spread of viruses transmitted by transfusion has been substantia l ly reduced, so that bacteria l contamination (BC) of blood components is today the most frequent cause of TTI (5). Sepsis associated with red blood cell transfusion has decreased rapidly in the last twenty years, possibly due to the more widespread application of leukoreduction filters (6). Therefore, most cases of posttransfusion sepsis today involve platelet components stored at room temperature. With the introduction of better skin disinfection, first aliquot diversion techniques, and bacterial detection in platelets, the rate of clinically significant septic reactions has decreased but not eliminated. Today it is known that the severity of a septic reaction will depend on various factors related to bacteria (gram-positive or gramnegative, the type of strain) and receptors (comorbidities, immune status, use of antibi","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45943025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special series on platelet transfusion","authors":"Pilar Solves Alcaina","doi":"10.21037/aob-2021-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-2021-04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44773834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital and acquired disorders of primary hemostasis","authors":"Richard C Godby, Jori E. May, Jose L. Lima, Nirupama Singh, M. Marques","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-77","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44946492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on blood services operations: Korean experience","authors":"So‐Yong Kwon, N. Cho, Jin Sung Jang, C. M. Song, Guk-Jong Kim, Kyu-Jung Kim, Dae Seong Kim","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-54","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic had a profound impact on blood services operations in Korea. Blood collection was affected due to decrease in donor availability caused by avoidance of public places, social distancing policies, and cancellation of blood drives. The negative impact on blood collection was more pronounced with the COVID-19 pandemic than with other outbreaks experienced previously such as the influenza (H1N1) outbreak or the Middle East respiratory virus (MERS) pandemic. To cope with the blood shortage, campaigns to appeal for blood donation, raise public awareness on the importance of blood donation and gain donor's confidence in safe blood donation were implemented using mass communication media such as TV and radio broadcasting as well as postings on various social media platforms. Upon Korean Red Cross Blood Services's (KRCBS) request, the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MoHW) approved the relaxation of the geographical restrictions regarding indigenous malaria thus enabling collection of more than 23,000 units of whole blood. To mitigate even a theoretical risk of transfusion-transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via blood donation from pre-symptomatic COVID-19 donors, the KRCBS received the data on COVID-19 identified cases from the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) from the early get-go of the pandemic for cross referencing to donors for further recipient investigation and recall of blood products not transfused. Communication with donors, staff members, national health authorities, hospital customers and other stakeholders was and remains of utmost importance to respond to this unprecedented situation which is still ongoing.Copyright © Annals of Blood. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49346677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphocyte response and recovery to radiation therapy alone","authors":"G. Swanson, K. Hammonds, S. Jhavar","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42337196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe hemolytic disease of a newborn due to anti-E combined with anti-Mia, anti-Mur and anti-Hil","authors":"Ling Wei, Y. Liew, Brett Wilson, Ai-jun Huang, J. Wen, Zhen Wang, G. Luo, Y. Ji","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-35","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Common alloantibodies leading to severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) could vary among different ethnic groups. The MNS blood group hybrid glycophorin GP.Mur distributes with a high frequency in the regions of Southeast Asia. Alloantibodies against GP.Mur (anti-‘Mi a ’) often present as mixture of antibodies against several low frequency antigens. In this study, we first described a case of severe HDFN in Guangzhou, China, which was caused by alloantibodies of anti-E in combination with specificities to the GP.Mur including Mi a , Mur and Hil. Methods: Blood samples from the newborn boy and parents have been subjected to antibody screening and identification analysis followed by GYP*Mur genotyping. The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and the eluate technique were also performed for the newborn. Results: The mother was group B, CCDee, Mur−, the father was group B, ccDEE, Mur+, and the newborn was group B, CcDEe, Mur+. Genotyping results showed the mother was absent for GYP*Mur , while the father and the newborn carried heterozygous GYP*Mur allele. DAT test of the newborn was strongly positive with anti-IgG. Anti-E and anti-‘Mi a ’ were detected in the maternal serum and the newborn’s eluate, whereas anti-E alone was detected in the newborn’s serum. The anti-‘Mi a ’ specificity was further identified as combination of anti-Mi a , anti-Mur and anti-Hil. Conclusions: Because alloantibodies to GP.Mur could cause severe HDFN, it is highly recommended to include GP.Mur red cells in antibody screening cells to avoid miss detection of the alloantibodies in the populations of Southeast Asia.","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46770079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycophorins and the MNS blood group system: a narrative review","authors":"G. Lopez, C. Hyland, R. Flower","doi":"10.21037/AOB-21-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/AOB-21-9","url":null,"abstract":"The MNS blood group system, International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) 002, is second after the ABO system. GYPA and GYPB genes encode MNS blood group antigens carried on glycophorin A (GPA), glycophorin B (GPB), or on variant glycophorins. A third gene, GYPE, produce glycophorin E (GPE) but is not expressed. MNS antigens arise from several genetic mechanisms. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) contribute to the diversity of the MNS system. A new antigen SUMI (MNS50), p.Thr31Pro on GPA has been described in the Japanese population. Unequal crossing-over and gene conversion are the mechanisms forming hybrid glycophorins, usually from parent genes GYPA and GYPB. GYPE also contributes to gene recombination previously only described with GYPA. Recently, however, GYPE was shown to recombine with GYPB to form a GYP(B-E-B) hybrid. A GYP(B-E-B) hybrid allele encodes a mature GP(E-B) molecule expressing a trypsin-resistant M antigen but no S/s. Another novel glycophorin GP.Mot has been described carrying Mi, Mur, MUT, and KIPP antigens. GP.Mot is encoded by a GYP(A-B-A) hybrid allele. Newly reported cases of haemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR) or haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) due to antibodies to MNS antigens is a constant reminder of the clinical significance of the MNS system. In one HDFN case, anti-U and anti-D were detected in an Indian D–, S–s–U– mother. The S–s– U– phenotype is rare in Asians and Caucasians but it is more commonly found in the African populations. Several types of novel GYPB deletion alleles that drive the S–s–U– phenotype have been recently described. Two large GYPB deletion alleles, over 100 kb, were identified as the predominant alleles in the African population. The use of advanced DNA sequencing techniques and bioinformatic analysis has helped uncover these large gene-deletion variants. Molecular typing platforms used for MNS genotyping are also discussed in this review. In conclusion, this review considers currently recognised MNS antigens and variants, new hybrid alleles and GYPB gene deletion alleles as well as clinical case studies. These new discoveries contribute to our understanding of the complexity of the MNS system to guide decision-making in genetic analysis and transfusion medicine.","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44426707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal and neonatal immune thrombocytopenia caused by maternal alloantibodies and isoantibodies in Caucasian and Asian populations: a narrative review","authors":"Xiuzhang Xu, Yongshui Fu, V. Kiefel, S. Santoso","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-47","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41539023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}