Annals of blood最新文献

{"title":"Special series on platelet transfusion","authors":"Pilar Solves Alcaina","doi":"10.21037/aob-2021-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-2021-04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44773834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital and acquired disorders of primary hemostasis","authors":"Richard C Godby, Jori E. May, Jose L. Lima, Nirupama Singh, M. Marques","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-77","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44946492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on blood services operations: Korean experience","authors":"So‐Yong Kwon, N. Cho, Jin Sung Jang, C. M. Song, Guk-Jong Kim, Kyu-Jung Kim, Dae Seong Kim","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-54","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic had a profound impact on blood services operations in Korea. Blood collection was affected due to decrease in donor availability caused by avoidance of public places, social distancing policies, and cancellation of blood drives. The negative impact on blood collection was more pronounced with the COVID-19 pandemic than with other outbreaks experienced previously such as the influenza (H1N1) outbreak or the Middle East respiratory virus (MERS) pandemic. To cope with the blood shortage, campaigns to appeal for blood donation, raise public awareness on the importance of blood donation and gain donor's confidence in safe blood donation were implemented using mass communication media such as TV and radio broadcasting as well as postings on various social media platforms. Upon Korean Red Cross Blood Services's (KRCBS) request, the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MoHW) approved the relaxation of the geographical restrictions regarding indigenous malaria thus enabling collection of more than 23,000 units of whole blood. To mitigate even a theoretical risk of transfusion-transmission of SARS-CoV-2 via blood donation from pre-symptomatic COVID-19 donors, the KRCBS received the data on COVID-19 identified cases from the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) from the early get-go of the pandemic for cross referencing to donors for further recipient investigation and recall of blood products not transfused. Communication with donors, staff members, national health authorities, hospital customers and other stakeholders was and remains of utmost importance to respond to this unprecedented situation which is still ongoing.Copyright © Annals of Blood. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49346677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphocyte response and recovery to radiation therapy alone","authors":"G. Swanson, K. Hammonds, S. Jhavar","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42337196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe hemolytic disease of a newborn due to anti-E combined with anti-Mia, anti-Mur and anti-Hil","authors":"Ling Wei, Y. Liew, Brett Wilson, Ai-jun Huang, J. Wen, Zhen Wang, G. Luo, Y. Ji","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-35","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Common alloantibodies leading to severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) could vary among different ethnic groups. The MNS blood group hybrid glycophorin GP.Mur distributes with a high frequency in the regions of Southeast Asia. Alloantibodies against GP.Mur (anti-‘Mi a ’) often present as mixture of antibodies against several low frequency antigens. In this study, we first described a case of severe HDFN in Guangzhou, China, which was caused by alloantibodies of anti-E in combination with specificities to the GP.Mur including Mi a , Mur and Hil. Methods: Blood samples from the newborn boy and parents have been subjected to antibody screening and identification analysis followed by GYP*Mur genotyping. The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) and the eluate technique were also performed for the newborn. Results: The mother was group B, CCDee, Mur−, the father was group B, ccDEE, Mur+, and the newborn was group B, CcDEe, Mur+. Genotyping results showed the mother was absent for GYP*Mur , while the father and the newborn carried heterozygous GYP*Mur allele. DAT test of the newborn was strongly positive with anti-IgG. Anti-E and anti-‘Mi a ’ were detected in the maternal serum and the newborn’s eluate, whereas anti-E alone was detected in the newborn’s serum. The anti-‘Mi a ’ specificity was further identified as combination of anti-Mi a , anti-Mur and anti-Hil. Conclusions: Because alloantibodies to GP.Mur could cause severe HDFN, it is highly recommended to include GP.Mur red cells in antibody screening cells to avoid miss detection of the alloantibodies in the populations of Southeast Asia.","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46770079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycophorins and the MNS blood group system: a narrative review","authors":"G. Lopez, C. Hyland, R. Flower","doi":"10.21037/AOB-21-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/AOB-21-9","url":null,"abstract":"The MNS blood group system, International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) 002, is second after the ABO system. GYPA and GYPB genes encode MNS blood group antigens carried on glycophorin A (GPA), glycophorin B (GPB), or on variant glycophorins. A third gene, GYPE, produce glycophorin E (GPE) but is not expressed. MNS antigens arise from several genetic mechanisms. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs) contribute to the diversity of the MNS system. A new antigen SUMI (MNS50), p.Thr31Pro on GPA has been described in the Japanese population. Unequal crossing-over and gene conversion are the mechanisms forming hybrid glycophorins, usually from parent genes GYPA and GYPB. GYPE also contributes to gene recombination previously only described with GYPA. Recently, however, GYPE was shown to recombine with GYPB to form a GYP(B-E-B) hybrid. A GYP(B-E-B) hybrid allele encodes a mature GP(E-B) molecule expressing a trypsin-resistant M antigen but no S/s. Another novel glycophorin GP.Mot has been described carrying Mi, Mur, MUT, and KIPP antigens. GP.Mot is encoded by a GYP(A-B-A) hybrid allele. Newly reported cases of haemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR) or haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) due to antibodies to MNS antigens is a constant reminder of the clinical significance of the MNS system. In one HDFN case, anti-U and anti-D were detected in an Indian D–, S–s–U– mother. The S–s– U– phenotype is rare in Asians and Caucasians but it is more commonly found in the African populations. Several types of novel GYPB deletion alleles that drive the S–s–U– phenotype have been recently described. Two large GYPB deletion alleles, over 100 kb, were identified as the predominant alleles in the African population. The use of advanced DNA sequencing techniques and bioinformatic analysis has helped uncover these large gene-deletion variants. Molecular typing platforms used for MNS genotyping are also discussed in this review. In conclusion, this review considers currently recognised MNS antigens and variants, new hybrid alleles and GYPB gene deletion alleles as well as clinical case studies. These new discoveries contribute to our understanding of the complexity of the MNS system to guide decision-making in genetic analysis and transfusion medicine.","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44426707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal and neonatal immune thrombocytopenia caused by maternal alloantibodies and isoantibodies in Caucasian and Asian populations: a narrative review","authors":"Xiuzhang Xu, Yongshui Fu, V. Kiefel, S. Santoso","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-47","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41539023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convalescent plasma special series","authors":"M. Franchini","doi":"10.21037/aob-2021-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-2021-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46108556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CD36 immunization causing platelet transfusion refractoriness: narrative review","authors":"Mia J. Sullivan, J. P. Botero","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-36","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This narrative review aims to describe the clinical and laboratory approach to patients with platelet transfusion refractoriness (PTR) from CD36 immunization. Background: The most common cause of PTR is non-immune and within the immune-mediated causes, antibodies against CD36 are rare but clinically significant. CD36 deficiency is more common in African, African American, Chinese and Japanese populations. Immune-mediated PTR from CD36 antibodies almost exclusively affects individuals with type I deficiency, affecting both platelets and monocytes. Methods: We describe a general approach to identify and manage patients with CD36 immunization as the cause of PTR. An overview of cases reported in the literature with emphasis in the clinical characteristics and outcomes is presented. Conclusions: Approaching patients systematically, with post-transfusion counts, antibody screening and confirmatory testing to identify the antigen(s) involved is key in selecting the platelet units that are most likely to provide an adequate transfusion yield. Due to the high frequency of CD36 in the general population, CD36 negative platelet units are not readily available, and procurement of these units relies on related donors or units from reference blood banks around the world. Even when CD36 negative platelet units are available, other immune and non-immune mediated causes of PTR can be present simultaneously making platelet transfusions of little clinical utility. Additional interventions to increase transfusion yield such as administration of polyvalent immunoglobulin and addition of immunosuppression have also been described. The management of patients with PTR from CD36 antibodies remains challenging despite wider access to testing and antigen negative platelet units.","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43457744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is prior antithrombotic use protective against COVID-19 infection? A cross-sectional study of the University of California Health patient population","authors":"K. Yale, C. Nguyen, Seraphim Telep, A. Ghigi, Kai Zheng, I. Subramanian, C. Feeney, N. Mesinkovska","doi":"10.21037/aob-21-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-75","url":null,"abstract":"© Annals of Blood. All rights reserved. Ann Blood 2022 | https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aob-21-75 As COVID-19 infection rates rise worldwide and hospital capacities fall nationwide, increased attention is focused on determining who is most at risk for severe disease (1). While some patients are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms when diagnosed with a COVID-19 infection, those who are older, males, or have pre-existing comorbidities (obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or pulmonary disease) are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 and have higher mortality rates (2). This population overlaps significantly with patients who are taking antithrombotics; since they are typically older and have comorbidities (coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, venous thromboembolism, cerebral vascular attack, or peripheral artery disease) that further increase their risk of severe COVID-19. COVID-19 has been associated with a prothrombotic state, leading to increased risk of microvascular thrombosis, arterial, or venous thromboembolic disease. In critically ill patients, in addition to causing acute respiratory distress syndrome, COVID-19 results in a hypercoagulable state, with extensive thrombosis of the small vessels of the lungs, causing diffuse alveolar damage, and extrapulmonary organs (3,4). Coagulation factor X (FX) is a serine protease that is synthesized by the liver, with increased levels reported in patients with cardiopulmonary disease. Interestingly, these FX levels have resulted in an increased tendency to have higher infection rates, increased coagulation and inflammation activation, and fibrosis development (2). Over the past year, preliminary observations on anticoagulant therapy show an association with better outcomes in moderate and severe COVID-19 patients who require mechanical ventilation and have signs of coagulopathy. The use of various regimens of antithrombotics in disease management has been implemented; however, the benefit of prior use of antithrombotic medications has not been fully elucidated. We investigate whether patients with prior antithrombotic use for pre-existing conditions influences COVID-19 infection rates or disease mortality in a California-based population. This cross-sectional study utilized the University of California COVID-19 Research Data Set (UC CORDS), a HIPAA-limited database of medical records for patients tested for COVID-19 across UC medical centers (5). Information regarding patient demographics, COVID-19 testing results, and mortality rates after COVID-19 testing Letter to the Editor","PeriodicalId":72211,"journal":{"name":"Annals of blood","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47169868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}