American journal of preventive cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Blood pressure control among Veterans with high cardiovascular disease risk","authors":"Aseel Zghayer ,&nbsp;Meghan O'Halloran ,&nbsp;Kevin Stroupe ,&nbsp;Zhiping Huo ,&nbsp;Frances Weaver ,&nbsp;Ashley Hughes ,&nbsp;Talar Markossian ,&nbsp;Raveen Neddy ,&nbsp;Holly Kramer","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Blood pressure (BP) control reduces risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the major cause of disability and mortality among the nine million U.S. Veterans receiving care in Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers. This study examined BP control, defined as a systolic BP &lt; 130 mmHg and diastolic BP &lt; 80 mmHg, among U.S. Veterans with hypertension at high risk for primary or secondary CVD events.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We utilized data from the VA Informatics and Computing Infrastructure Corporate Data Warehouse on primary care visits within the eight Great Lakes VA medical centers for Veterans with at least one visit between January 1, 2019, and February 28, 2020 and a documented visit within the 12 months prior to study initiation date. Analyses focused on Veterans with diagnosed hypertension and one or more of the following: age ≥65 years, and/or diagnosis of CVD, diabetes mellitus (DM) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). BP control was based on the last recorded BP measurement during the study period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of 83,633 Veterans with hypertension was 71.6 years (10.4) years, 96.4 % were male and race/ethnicity was reported as non-Hispanic White in 74.8 %, non-Hispanic Black or African American in 18.4 %, non-Hispanic Asian in 0.3 %, Alaskan Indian or Pacific Islander in 2.6 % and Hispanic in 2.5 %. Mean SBP and DBP based on vital signs at the last clinic visit were 130.8 mmHg (standard deviation [SD] 11.6) and 73.7 mmHg (SD 8.8), respectively. Overall, BP was controlled to &lt; 130/80 mmHg in 38.7 % (95 % Confidence Interval [CI] 38.4, 39.1) and &lt;140/90 mmHg in 76.9 % (95 % CI 76.7, 77.2). Among subgroups, BP was controlled to &lt; 130/80 mmHg in 39.8 % (95 % CI 39.4, 40.2) of the Veterans aged ≥65 years, 45.3 % (95 % CI 44.7, 45.9) with CVD, 39.8 % (95 % CI 39.2, 40.3) with DM, 42.8 % (95 % CI 41.9, 43.6) with CKD and 47.1 % (95 % CI 45.5, 48.6) with CVD +DM +CKD. In contrast, BP control &lt;140/90 mmHg was noted in over 75 % of Veterans within all subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this group of Veterans with hypertension and high risk for CVD events, less than half had BP controlled to &lt; 130/80 mmHg. Future studies should investigate strategies to improve BP control such as team-based care with home BP monitoring, education of clinicians on hypertension management, and increased utilization of automated office BP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The community health worker model for cardiovascular kidney metabolic syndrome: A new paradigm for high value care","authors":"Sanjay Rajagopalan ,&nbsp;Jeshurun Adarquah-Yiadom ,&nbsp;Fonda Mcclain ,&nbsp;John Pastor Ansah ,&nbsp;Heidi Osborne ,&nbsp;Kimberly Nicholson ,&nbsp;Zoe Landskroner ,&nbsp;Kyia Mountain ,&nbsp;Elke Eaton ,&nbsp;Jodi Porges ,&nbsp;Rita Horvitz ,&nbsp;Ian J. Neeland ,&nbsp;Peter Pronovost ,&nbsp;Robert D. Brook ,&nbsp;Jackson T. Wright Jr. ,&nbsp;Sadeer Al-Kindi ,&nbsp;Phillip D. Levy","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Access and adherence to prevention and therapeutic lifestyle change programs remain largely aspirational for many low resource and minority communities. Given the importance of prevention and the high cost of care in complex medical conditions such as cardiovascular kidney and metabolic syndrome (CKM), new models of care delivery that enhance value are needed. Community health workers (CHWs) may serve as an innovative link between healthcare systems and the community, improving last mile delivery of services for “at risk” community members through education, outreach, informal counseling, social service support, and advocacy. The impending new Center for Medicare Medicaid Services (CMS) reimbursements for Community Health Integration, Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) assessment, and Principal Illness Navigation services in medically necessary care, represents a major shift in reimbursement models. In this review, we explore four overarching barriers to widespread adoption of CHWs, current roles of CHWs in CKM care, including outcomes and data confirming economic viability and sustainability of engaging CHW's in CKM care. We explore problems with existing financial models for CHW involvement, and forthcoming reimbursement pathways and solutions. CHW's are frontline health workers who could be critical in enhancing value for CKM. However current reimbursement models and restructuring of payments needs to occur rapidly to embrace a new cadre of health workers in our fight against adverse CKM health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Under-recognized cardiovascular risk enhancers in women: A call to rethink clinical assessment on risk stratification","authors":"Albertina M. Ghelfi ,&nbsp;Gustavo J. Staffieri ,&nbsp;Mildren A. Del-Sueldo ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Miranda ,&nbsp;Nicolás F. Renna ,&nbsp;Rosana M. Quintana ,&nbsp;Melisa N. Lassus ,&nbsp;María-Rosa Galván ,&nbsp;Romina Maldonado ,&nbsp;Flavia A. Passarino ,&nbsp;Lautaro N. Fierro ,&nbsp;Lautaro L. Velez ,&nbsp;Laura Graziani ,&nbsp;Boris Kisluk ,&nbsp;Leonel A. Berbotto ,&nbsp;Romina Nieto ,&nbsp;Rubén F. Mamprin D´andrea ,&nbsp;Guillermo A. Berbotto ,&nbsp;Jorge O. Galindez","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Traditional cardiovascular risk (CVR) stratification does not consider CVR enhancers (CVRE). Women present under-recognized CVRE factors that may lead to arterial stiffness (AS). AS is associated with long-term cardiovascular disease. AS can be determined by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV). In women with low-CVR and a CVRE, our objective was to determine cf-PWV values and AS, and to compare with a control group.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><div>Multicentric cross-sectional study, from 2022 to 2024 in Argentina. Included women between 18 and 59 years-old, without traditional CVR-factors, low (&lt;5 %) 10-year CVR, and office blood-pressure (BP) &lt;140/90 mmHg. Inclusion criteria: Group 1: presence of a CVRE (history of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia; autoimmune rheumatic or hematological disease in clinical remission; previous oncological treatment in current complete remission; history of abortions; early menopause or menarche; anxiety or depression disorder; human immunodeficiency virus infected virally suppressed). Group-2: women who attended routine control. Exclusion criteria: hypertension; diabetes; target organ damage; chronic kidney disease; current smoking; history of CV-event; statins, aspirin, or antihypertensive treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Included 280 women: Group-1 (N = 174); Group-2 (N = 106). Group-1 showed higher cf-PWV: 7.02±1.20 vs. 5.71±0.86 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) and higher AS frequency: 52.9 % vs. 0.9 % (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). A sub-analysis performed in the 199 women with office-BP &lt;130/85 mmHg and central (aortic) systolic-BP was &lt;121 mmHg also showed higher cf-PWV 6.70±1.07 vs. 5.62±0.78 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) and higher AS: 43.4 % vs. 0.0 % (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) in Group-1. cf-PWV values maintain related with CVRE presence (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) at multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Women with CVRE showed greater cf-PWV and higher frequency of AS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unhealthy alcohol use and risk of coronary heart disease among young and middle-aged adults","authors":"Jamal S. Rana ,&nbsp;Felicia W. Chi ,&nbsp;Isaac Acquah ,&nbsp;Stacy A. Sterling","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the associations between unhealthy alcohol use and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) among women and men aged 18–65 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An observational study in an integrated healthcare system with systematic alcohol screening. We identified 432,265 primary care patients aged 18–65 years who, in 2014–2015, reported weekly alcohol intake levels. Weekly alcohol intake, categorized into below (≤14/week men; ≤7/week women) and above limits (≥15/week men; ≥ 8/week women) per U.S. guidelines, and heavy episodic drinking (HED, ≥5/≥4 drinks any day in past 3 months for men/women, respectively). Main outcome was CHD during 4-year follow-up, based on inpatient ICD diagnoses of myocardial infarction and CHD. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cohort comprised 44 % women, mean age (standard deviation) of 43.5 years (±13.1). Weekly alcohol intake above limits was associated with higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, and a 26 %, 19 % and 43 % higher risk on the overall, men- and women-specific risk of CHD after adjusting for these risk factors (hazard ratio [95 % confidence interval] = 1.26[1.13 -1.40], 1.19[1.04–1.35] and 1.43[1.20–1.71], respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In a large, real-world, diverse population with a systematic alcohol screening program, having weekly alcohol intake above limits was associated with increased risk of CHD among young and middle-aged men and women. Increased CHD risk due to alcohol intake above limits warrants particular awareness and interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of payer rejections and out-of-pocket costs on patient access to bempedoic acid therapy","authors":"Jimin Hwang ,&nbsp;Eric Peterson ,&nbsp;Anand Gupta ,&nbsp;Evelyn Sarnes ,&nbsp;Kristin Gillard ,&nbsp;Ann Marie Navar","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early uptake of novel cholesterol-lowering therapies was limited by extensive utilization management practices and high cost. Whether similar challenges affected access to bempedoic acid (BA) is unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For all patients prescribed BA from the date of FDA approval (February 2020) through 12/31/2022 identified using nationwide pharmacy transaction data, we assessed whether their first prescription was approved or rejected. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess factors associated with approval. Among those approved, prescription fill rates were evaluated by out-of-pocket cost. For those with rejected prescriptions, changes in lipid-lowering therapy after rejection were described.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 116,176 patients (median age 67 years; 56.6 % women) initially prescribed BA, 80,056 (68.9 %) received approval. Factors associated with approval included: commercial insurance (odds ratio [OR] 1.62 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.56, 1.68] vs. government insurance, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), cardiology specialty prescriber (OR 1.39 [1.34, 1.44] vs. primary care physicians, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and prescriber volume (OR 1.44 [1.38, 1.51] for fourth [highest] quartile vs. first [lowest] quartile prescribers, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Of those who received approval, 82.4 % (<em>n</em> = 65,969) filled the prescription, while 17.3 % (<em>n</em> = 14,087) abandoned the prescription. Abandonment rates increased with increasing patient OOP costs. Escalation in an alternative lipid-lowering therapy over the subsequent year was observed in 36.2 % and 33.3 % of patients with rejected and abandoned prescriptions, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nearly half of patients prescribed BA failed to receive therapy due to a combination of payer rejections and prescription abandonment. Arduous utilization management criteria or high OOP costs put patients at high risk for failure of therapy initiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100940"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory markers and calcification of coronary arteries, aorta and cardiac valves: Findings from the atherosclerosis risk in communities study","authors":"Vennela Avula ,&nbsp;Yejin Mok ,&nbsp;Kentaro Ejiri ,&nbsp;Jeremy Van't Hof ,&nbsp;Seamus P. Whelton ,&nbsp;Ron C. Hoogeveen ,&nbsp;Christie M. Ballantyne ,&nbsp;Matthew J Budoff ,&nbsp;Michael J Blaha ,&nbsp;Kunihiro Matsushita","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. However, inflammatory biomarkers have only been weakly associated with coronary artery calcium (CAC), a representative measure of subclinical atherosclerosis. Moreover, few studies explored extra-coronary calcium (ECC) in this context.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To characterize the association of two inflammatory markers, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and galectin-3, at middle age with CAC and ECC at older age in a community-based cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cardiac CT was performed among 1,930 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants (age 73–95) without coronary heart disease at visit 7 (2018–19). We examined the associations of hs-CRP and galectin-3 measured (age 53–74 years) at visit 4 (1996–98) by quartile with the presence of CAC and ECC (Agatston score &gt;0 vs. 0) using multivariable logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher hs-CRP was associated with the presence of calcifications in the ascending aorta, aortic valve ring, mitral valve, left main, left anterior descending, left circumflex, right coronary artery, and total CAC in the demographic (race, sex, age, and ARIC center) adjusted model. These associations were mostly attenuated after adjusting for potential confounders, but the associations with ascending aorta and right coronary artery calcifications remained significant (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.45 [95 % CI 1.02–2.07]) and 1.55 [1.12–2.16]) for the highest vs. lowest quartiles, respectively. Galectin-3 was also independently associated with right coronary artery calcification after adjusting for potential confounders of interest (aOR 1.48 [1.02 – 2.01]) for the highest vs. lowest quartiles. These associations were generally consistent in demographic subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both hs-CRP and galectin-3 were associated with calcification of some but not all vascular beds tested, suggesting potentially unique atherosclerotic pathophysiology across different vascular beds. Robust associations of inflammatory markers with right coronary artery calcification deserve further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite cardiovascular risk factor control in US adults with diabetes and relation to social determinants of health: The All of Us research program","authors":"Frances Golden,&nbsp;Johnathan Tran,&nbsp;Nathan D. Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Data are limited on composite cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to identify disparities in cardiovascular risk factor control based on most recent recommendations and relationships to social determinants of health in a large-scale real-world cohort of US adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from 88,416 participants with T2DM in the NIH Precision Medicine Initiative <em>All of Us</em> Research Program 2018–2022. We investigated the management of five key cardiovascular risk factors—glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and smoking status. Statistical methods included Chi-square tests for categorical comparisons, <em>t</em>-tests for mean differences, and multiple logistic regression to assess the impact of demographic and socioeconomic factors on risk factor control.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study revealed low risk factor control with only 27.7 % of participants achieving recommended levels for three or more risk factors (RFs) and 4.9 % for four or more RFs. Overall, while 81.0% were at target for HbA1c, only 37.9% were at target for BP and 10.4% for LDL-C. Notably, only 1.9 % and 6.9 % were at target for HbA1c, LDL-C, and BP together, based on current and prior recommendations, respectively. Significant disparities were observed across race/ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic lines with 43.1 % of Asian participants at control for ≥3 RFs compared to 21.1 % of non-Hispanic black participants. In logistic regression analysis, factors such as higher income, higher educational attainment, and health insurance were associated with better RF control, while higher polysocial risk scores linked to poorer control.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite some progress in managing individual CVD risk factors in T2DM, overall composite risk factor control remains poor, especially among underrepresented and socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. The findings highlight the necessity for integrated healthcare strategies that address both medical and social needs to improve control of CVD risk factors and outcomes in T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100939"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of adverse cardiovascular events following spinal cord injury in patients with osteoporosis: Real-world evidence","authors":"Shih-Kai Kao ,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Yu ,&nbsp;Ming-Hsien Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with increased cardiovascular risks, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death for individuals with SCI. Osteoporosis, a condition associated with SCI, has been linked to CVD. However, the cardiovascular risk profile of individuals with SCI with osteoporosis remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study by using data from the TriNetX Research Network. We included adults with osteoporosis with or without a diagnosis of SCI between 2015 and 2020: case (SCI group, <em>N =</em> 7,308) and control (non-SCI group, <em>N =</em> 843,235) cohorts. Propensity score matching was performed to balance baseline characteristics between the cohorts (<em>N =</em> 7,296 in each group). A Cox regression model was employed to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for the primary outcomes: the development of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), atrial fibrillation (AF), or heart failure (HF).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals with SCI with osteoporosis have a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular events (HR: 1.15, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–1.22)—including AMI (HR: 1.17 95 % CI: 1.02–1.33), AF (HR: 1.14, 95 % CI: 1.04–1.24), and HF (HR: 1.14, 95 % CI: 1.05–1.24)—than do those without SCI. Furthermore, mortality risk is higher in individuals with SCI, particularly those with pathological fracture. Subgroup analyses based on sex and age supported these findings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The complex interplay between SCI, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular health underscores the requirement for comprehensive management strategies for individuals with SCI who also have osteoporosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100938"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143369515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the association of novel Anthropometric and atherogenicity indices with all-cause, cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality in a general population of Iranian adults","authors":"Parisa Hajihashemi ,&nbsp;Noushin Mohammadifard ,&nbsp;Motahare Bateni ,&nbsp;Fahimeh Haghighatdoost ,&nbsp;Maryam Boshtam ,&nbsp;Jamshid Najafian ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Sadeghi ,&nbsp;Niloufar Shabani ,&nbsp;Nizal Sarrafzadegan","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The association of novel anthropometrics and novel atherogenicity indices with mortality remains uncertain.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the association of novel anthropometrics and atherogenicity indices with all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), and non-CVD mortality in Iranian adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Utilizing data from Isfahan Cohort Study, 5432 participants aged older than 35 years were enrolled. Three anthropometrics indices including a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI) and abdominal volume index (AVI), and three atherogenicity indices including atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Castelli risk index (CRI) and the cholesterol index (CI) were calculated. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to explore the association between indices and mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After a median follow-up of 11.25 years, the ABSI was independently associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR_Q4 _{vs. Q1} = 1.43, 95 % CI: 1.07, 1.92; P trend = 0.02). A positive, independent association was also observed between CRI-II (HR_Q4 _{vs. Q1} = 1.49, 95 % CI: 0.99, 2.25; P trend = 0.04) and AIP (HR_Q4 _{vs. Q1} = 1.81, 95 % CI: 1.92, 2.27; P trend = 0.01) and CVD mortality. For non-CVD mortality, despite a direct link for ABSI (HR_Q4 _{vs. Q1} = 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.32, 2.80; P trend = 0.001), an inverse association was found for CI (HR_Q4 _{vs. Q1} = 0.68, 95 % CI: 0.49, 0.95; P trend = 0.007).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Amongst various investigated anthropometric indices, ABSI was directly related to all-cause and non-CVD mortality. However, atherogenicity indices including CRI-II and AIP could predict the incidence risk of CVD mortality among Iranians. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the impact of obesity on cardiovascular risk for northern Colorado school children: Healthy hearts and minds program 2013–2023","authors":"Austin M. Pollack ,&nbsp;Tracy L. Nelson ,&nbsp;NaNet A. Jenkins ,&nbsp;Meghan W. Willis ,&nbsp;Paige C. Lueders ,&nbsp;Anna K. Kingman ,&nbsp;Landon D. Hamilton ,&nbsp;Gary J. Luckasen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in both children and adults and is predictive of poor cardiovascular outcomes. Prevalence of CVD risk factors among children has become more frequent and is often influenced by the family. The purpose of this study was to both cross-sectionally and longitudinally determine the prevalence and changes in CVD risk factors among northern Colorado students.</div><div>Data was collected from August 2013 to May 2023 as part of the UCHealth Healthy Hearts and Minds (HHM) program (51,882 students, 52.4 % female, 71.5 % White). Objective measures of total cholesterol (TChol), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), blood pressure, height, and weight were collected. Self-reported familial CVD risk factors from parents/guardians including overweight/obesity were collected.</div><div>CVD risk consistently rises with increasing BMI across grade levels. TChol was higher and HDL was lower as BMI increased, regardless of age or sex.</div><div>Students who maintained a healthy weight in elementary and high school (66.2 % males, 67.6 % females) or moved to a healthy weight after elementary school (7.4 % males, 5.0 % females) had lower CVD risk compared to students who were overweight/obese (17.4 % males, 14.7 % females) at both timepoints. Students with a healthy weight in elementary and high school were less likely to have a family member reporting overweight/obesity (26.5 % and 28.0 %) than students who were overweight in both grade levels (50.5 % and 56.7 %).</div><div>Given the increase in childhood obesity, there is a need for aggressive screening and treatment of obesity and CVD risk in children and their families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}