American journal of preventive cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Coronary artery calcium burden across the pooled cohort equation versus the American Heart Association PREVENT risk calculator","authors":"Gabrielle S. Gershon ,&nbsp;Jaret R. Barr ,&nbsp;Alexander C. Razavi ,&nbsp;Yan Yang ,&nbsp;Eshan Momin ,&nbsp;Omar Dzaye ,&nbsp;Seamus P. Whelton ,&nbsp;Michael J. Blaha ,&nbsp;Roger S. Blumenthal ,&nbsp;Laurence S. Sperling ,&nbsp;Carlo N. De Cecco ,&nbsp;Marly van Assen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE) and the Predicting Risk of cardiovascular disease EVENTs (PREVENT) calculator assess atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring enhances ASCVD risk stratification beyond traditional risk factors, but CAC burden across PCE versus PREVENT risk groups remains unclear. This study evaluates the distribution of CAC burden across PCE and PREVENT risk groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 7610 asymptomatic patients who underwent clinically indicated CAC scoring between 2010 and 2023. Ten-year ASCVD risk was calculated using PCE and PREVENT (low&lt;5, borderline-intermediate 5–19, high≥20 %). CAC scores (0, 1–99, 100–299, ≥300) were compared across risk groups using Kendall Tau tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 57±9 years; 41 % of patients were women and 11 % identified as Black. PCE and PREVENT classified 52.5 % and 72.6 % as low-risk, 41 % and 27.1 % as borderline-intermediate risk, and 6.5 % and 3.7 % as high-risk, respectively. Higher PCE/PREVENT risk groups had increased median CAC <em>(p</em> &lt; 0.001). For borderline-intermediate risk, 71 % for PCE and 79 % for PREVENT had CAC&gt;0, while for low risk, 45 % and 51 %. Within the borderline risk group (5–7.5 %), 20.7 % of PCE and 35 % of ASCVD PREVENT group had CAC&gt;100.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A significant number of patients had non-zero CAC in low-risk stratification groups for both PREVENT and PCE. CAC distribution was heterogeneous in the borderline-intermediate groups for both PREVENT and PCE. These results emphasize the significance of CAC in further stratifying risk beyond the PCE and PREVENT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101301"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of high waist to hip ratio and its association with hypertension among married couples in India: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Rajeshwari A. Biradar ,&nbsp;Jang Bahadur Prasad ,&nbsp;Shiva S Halli","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101302","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101302","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aims to explore the prevalence of high waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and examine its association with hypertension and various socio-demographic factors among Indian couples with a focus on health implications. Data were extracted from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) - a comprehensive population-based, cross-sectional survey conducted from 2019 to 2021. A total sample of 51,797 couples was analysed using bivariate and multivariable techniques to address the study objectives. The prevalence of high WHR among Indian couples was 36.3%. After adjusting for significant background factors, both female and male spouses had higher odds of hypertension when one spouse had a high WHR (female: OR = 1.19, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI: 1.13–1.25; male: OR = 1.30, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI: 1.22–1.38), compared to those with normal WHR. The risk increased when both spouses had high WHR, with odds of 1.44 in female spouses (OR = 1.44, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI: 1.37–1.52) and 1.56 in male spouses (OR = 1.56, p &lt; 0.001, 95% CI: 1.47–1.66). The study highlights the significant health implications of high WHR in Indian couples. The findings emphasize the importance of monitoring WHR as an anthropometric measure for assessing hypertension risk and managing related health conditions in both clinical and public health settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101302"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular disease risk estimates using the new PREVENT Equation: The good, bad, and the ugly","authors":"Pooja V. Selvam ,&nbsp;Rahul Sharma ,&nbsp;Peter Ganz ,&nbsp;Roger S. Blumenthal ,&nbsp;Martha Gulati","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101288"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time in LDL cholesterol target range and major adverse cardiovascular events risk: A pooled analysis of two cohorts","authors":"Yezhou Liu ,&nbsp;Zhe Lv ,&nbsp;Hong Yan ,&nbsp;Yamei Liu ,&nbsp;Jiaheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenming Bian ,&nbsp;Yetong Liu ,&nbsp;Zhaojie Song ,&nbsp;Peng Han ,&nbsp;Tao Chen ,&nbsp;Chao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Traditional management of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) relies on single-point measurements, neglecting long-term magnitude and the duration of exposure to elevated LDL-C over time. This study aimed to evaluate the association between LDL-C time in target range (TTR) and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in two US cohorts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was a secondary analysis of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohorts. LDL-C TTR was defined as the percentage of the area under curve for LDL-C values below 100 mg/dL relative to the total area over the first 4 visits. Association between LDL-C TTR and MACE was estimated using adjusted Cox models and Fine-Gray competing risk models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over a mean follow-up of 21.2 ± 8.1 years, 3306 MACE occurred among 16,310 participants. The highest LDL-C TTR quartile was associated with a 25 % reduction in MACE (HR: 0.75, 95 % CI: 0.68 to 0.83), 42 % reduction in myocardial infarction (HR: 0.58, 95 % CI: 0.49 to 0.68), 24 % reduction in stroke (HR: 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.64 to 0.91), and 13 % reduction in CVD death (HR: 0.87, 95 % CI: 0.76 to 1.00; borderline significance). TTR remained significantly associated with MACE after adjusting for mean LDL-C or LDL-C variability, and were robust in competing risk analyses. TTR also outperformed mean LDL-C and LDL-C variability in prognostic value (Akaike information criterion, C-statistics).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LDL-C TTR independently predicts MACE and may offer a more comprehensive assessment of long-term LDL-C control than mean levels or variability, supporting its potential clinical utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101290"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of health misinformation and health literacy on the management of dyslipidemia","authors":"Heather M. Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death. The dissemination of health misinformation on management dyslipidemia, especially statin misinformation, is a significant threat to public health and to the delivery of cardiovascular preventive care. This brief report explores the intersection of health literacy and health misinformation, sources of misinformation, and the disproportionate impact of misinformation across communities, worsening health disparities. Additionally, interdisciplinary strategies are proposed to combat misinformation, and increase the dissemination of accurate, evidence-based information on dyslipidemia, with the goal of improving the delivery of equitable care and reducing cardiovascular events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101289"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From LDL-C to lipoprotein(a) - those who fail to learn from history are doomed to repeat it","authors":"Ashish Sarraju ,&nbsp;Steve E Nissen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels is a critical component of managing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. However, LDL-C goal attainment and the use of LDL-C lowering therapies, which include cost-effective statins and multiple non-statin therapies, have remained suboptimal. In this setting, ASCVD remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US and globally. Due to persistent ASCVD risk despite LDL-C lowering, there has been strong interest in approaches to identify factors contributing to residual ASCVD risk beyond LDL-C levels. In particular, lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] has emerged as a leading target for multiple ongoing development programs of novel, potent pharmacologic agents that decrease Lp (a) levels, with ongoing clinical trials evaluating their effects on ASCVD events. This review outlines key lessons learned from the suboptimal implementation of LDL-C therapies that may be relevant to better implementation of future residual ASCVD risk reduction strategies, particularly for Lp (a) therapies that may be proven in clinical trials and approved by regulatory authorities in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101280"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectopic Fat distribution and adverse muscle composition in South Asians: Findings from the UK biobank","authors":"Sanaa Tejani ,&nbsp;Jennifer Linge ,&nbsp;Ian Neeland ,&nbsp;Jason MR Gill ,&nbsp;Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard ,&nbsp;Naveed Sattar ,&nbsp;Anand Rohatgi","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>South Asians (SA) have higher risk of cardiometabolic disease compared to other ethnicities. However, detailed analyses of body compositional profile (BCP) in large cohorts with inclusion of ectopic fat depots and muscle composition is lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using MRI data from UK biobank, we compared body compositional data in South Asians (<em>n</em> = 397) relative to age, sex, height, and weight-matched white Europeans (EUR) (matched 5:1 to SA group). We also compared BCP in 66 SAs with type 2 diabetes (T2D) versus matched EUR (matched 3:1 to SA group).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SAs had higher overall levels of fat compared to EUR (mean difference in: visceral adipose tissue 0·20 L; subcutaneous adipose tissue 0·93 L; liver fat 0·92 pp; muscle fat infiltration (MFI) 0·59 pp, all <em>p</em> &lt; 0·001) and lower muscle volume (mean difference -0·61 L, <em>p</em> &lt; 0·001) (all adjusted for sex, age, height, and weight). The higher MFI and lower muscle volume resulted in a higher prevalence of adverse muscle composition in the SA group (19·9 % vs 7·9 %). Differences remained significant with further adjustment for lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. Notably, SA participants with T2D had similar BCP to sex-, age-, height-, and weight-matched EUR participants with T2D.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SAs have greater visceral, liver, and muscle fat accumulation, but lower muscle volume compared to EUR. These findings may underlie their greater risk for T2D and atherothrombotic outcomes. Lifestyle changes to prevent or reduce weight gain can help offset cardiometabolic risks in SAs by facilitating favorable changes in body composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101284"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between simultaneous exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages and cardiovascular health of Brazilian adolescents","authors":"Priscila Bárbara Zanini Rosa ,&nbsp;Felipe Vogt Cureau ,&nbsp;Beatriz D. Schaan ,&nbsp;Juliana Sena de Souza ,&nbsp;Michele Drehmer","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Socioeconomic inequities affect cardiovascular outcomes in adults, but their cumulative effect in adolescents remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between simultaneous exposure to different socioeconomic disadvantages and cardiovascular health (CVH) in Brazilian adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The sample consisted of 34,831 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years, participants of the Brazilian Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents Study (ERICA), a national, school-based, cross-sectional, multicenter study. CVH was assessed using the Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) score, which ranges from 0 to 100 points and is composed of eight metrics grouped into two domains: health behaviors (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, and sleep duration) and health factors (body mass index, non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure). Simultaneous exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages was assessed using five variables: parental education, family structure, possession of goods, type of school, and skin color. The total number of exposures ranged from 0 to 5. Linear regression models adjusted for sex and age were used to evaluate the association between simultaneous exposure to socioeconomic disadvantages and CVH.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The simultaneous exposure to at least two socioeconomic disadvantages was 80.7 %, while the average LE8 score was 75.9 (95 % CI 75.5–76.4). The higher the number of simultaneous exposures to the investigated socioeconomic disadvantages, the worse the CVH of Brazilian adolescents. Those exposed to all the investigated disadvantages simultaneously had a reduction of 4.5 points in the LE8. Physical activity and smoking were the LE8 components most impacted by socioeconomic disadvantages. Belonging to a fragmented family structure appeared to have the greatest impact on CVH.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Simultaneous exposure to multiple socioeconomic disadvantages was associated with poorer CVH in Brazilian adolescents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101285"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is spontaneous preterm delivery associated with impaired arterial stiffness at 6 months postpartum?","authors":"Margo B. Minissian ,&nbsp;Sarah Kilpatrick ,&nbsp;Odayme Quesada ,&nbsp;Jo-Ann Eastwood ,&nbsp;Kathryn J. Sharma ,&nbsp;Chrisandra L. Shufelt ,&nbsp;Janet Wei ,&nbsp;Lynn V. Doering ,&nbsp;Leah Spiro ,&nbsp;Michael Luu ,&nbsp;Galen Cook Wiens ,&nbsp;C. Noel Bairey Merz","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Spontaneous preterm delivery (sPTD) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the mechanistic pathways are not understood.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Assess arterial wave reflection and stiffness over time in women with sPTD compared to term delivery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective study comparing women with sPTD (gestation age [GA] ≤ 34 weeks) to matched controls (GA ≥ 39 weeks). Data collected at 24–72 hours (<em>n</em> = 40) and 6 months postpartum (<em>n</em> = 33) compared arterial wave reflection and stiffness by heart rate corrected augmentation index (AIx75), central pulse pressure (CPP), and pulse wave velocity (PWV).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean GA for sPTD and controls were 30.8 weeks and 39.6 weeks, respectively. Mean maternal age for sPTD was 33 ± 6 years, controls was 32 ± 6 years. Change in vascular function among controls demonstrated significantly lower AIx75 at 6 months postpartum compared to 24–72-hour postpartum [Δ: -14.10, 95 % CI: -21.41- (-6.78), <em>p</em> = 0.001]. There was no change in AIx75 among sPTD cohort at 6 months postpartum (5.15, 95 % CI: -0.99 -11.30, <em>p</em> = 0.118). No significant differences in AIx75 at 6 months postpartum were seen between sPTD and controls (26.27 ± 9.79 vs. 26.94 ± 12.95,).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Women with sPTD had no significant change in AIx75 while term delivery demonstrated significant decreases at 6 months postpartum. This may contribute to mechanistic pathway and future CVD risk understanding for women with sPTD. Further research is warranted to assess if the physiology of full-term pregnancy is beneficial in augmenting vascular function, demonstrating that the timing of delivery is not a confounding variable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101286"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health disparities; is there progress?","authors":"Clyde W. Yancy ,&nbsp;Heather M. Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contemporary history of health disparities dates to 1984 with the release of the Heckler Report. The differences in outcomes as a function of race were declared striking and not in keeping with the excellence of American Medicine and with a subsequent call to action that would eliminate health disparities. Forty years later, the gaps have widened. Root causes include economic disparity, social determinants of health and elements of bias, both implicit and explicit. Reframing the challenge and noting the extent to which disparities persist across multiple cohorts is the new call to action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101079"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}