Aging brain最新文献

{"title":"Apolipoprotein E loss of function: Influence on murine brain markers of physiology and pathology","authors":"Heather Buchanan ,&nbsp;Claire Hull ,&nbsp;Maria Cacho Barraza,&nbsp;Mirela Delibegovic,&nbsp;Bettina Platt","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The canonical role of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is related to lipid and cholesterol metabolism, however, additional functions of this protein have not been fully described. Given the association of ApoE with diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), it is clear that further characterisation of its roles, especially within the brain, is needed.</p><p>Therefore, using protein and gene expression analyses of neonatal and 6-month old brain tissues from an ApoE knockout mouse model, we examined ApoE’s contribution to several CNS pathways, with an emphasis on those linked to AD. Early neonatal changes associated with ApoE−/− were observed, with decreased soluble phosphorylated tau (p-tau, –40 %), increased synaptophysin (+36 %) and microglial Iba1 protein levels (+25 %) vs controls. Progression of the phenotype was evident upon analysis of 6-month-old tissue, where decreased p-tau was also confirmed in the insoluble fraction, alongside reduced synaptic and increased amyloid precursor protein (APP) protein levels. An age comparison further underlined deviations from WT animals and thus the impact of ApoE loss on neuronal maturation.</p><p>Taken together, our data implicate ApoE modulation of multiple CNS roles. Loss of function is associated with alterations from birth, and include synaptic deficits, neuroinflammation, and changes to key AD pathologies, amyloid-β and tau.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9c/bb/main.PMC9997145.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early memory deficits and extensive brain network disorganization in the AppNL-F/MAPT double knock-in mouse model of familial Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Christopher Borcuk ,&nbsp;Céline Héraud ,&nbsp;Karine Herbeaux ,&nbsp;Margot Diringer ,&nbsp;Élodie Panzer ,&nbsp;Jil Scuto ,&nbsp;Shoko Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Takaomi C. Saido ,&nbsp;Takashi Saito ,&nbsp;Romain Goutagny ,&nbsp;Demian Battaglia ,&nbsp;Chantal Mathis","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A critical challenge in current research on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is to clarify the relationship between network dysfunction and the emergence of subtle memory deficits in itspreclinical stage. The <em>AppNL-F/MAPT</em> double knock-in (dKI) model with humanized β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and tau was used to investigate both memory and network dysfunctions at an early stage. Young male dKI mice (2 to 6 months) were tested in three tasks taxing different aspects of recognition memory affected in preclinical AD. An early deficit first appeared in the object-place association task at the age of 4 months, when increased levels of β-CTF and Aβ were detected in both the hippocampus and the medial temporal cortex, and tau pathology was found only in the medial temporal cortex. Object-place task-dependent c-Fos activation was then analyzed in 22 subregions across the medial prefrontal cortex, claustrum, retrosplenial cortex, and medial temporal lobe. Increased c-Fos activation was detected in the entorhinal cortex and the claustrum of dKI mice. During recall, network efficiency was reduced across cingulate regions with a major disruption of information flow through the retrosplenial cortex. Our findings suggest that early perirhinal-entorhinal pathology is associated with abnormal activity which may spread to downstream regions such as the claustrum, the medial prefrontal cortex and ultimately the key retrosplenial hub which relays information from frontal to temporal lobes. The similarity between our findings and those reported in preclinical stages of AD suggests that the <em>AppNL-F/MAPT</em> dKI model has a high potential for providing key insights into preclinical AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/10/e4/main.PMC9997176.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9099901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymmetric amyloid deposition in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease: A PET study","authors":"Pernille L. Kjeldsen ,&nbsp;Peter Parbo ,&nbsp;Kim V. Hansen ,&nbsp;Joel F.A. Aanerud ,&nbsp;Rola Ismail ,&nbsp;Peter H. Nissen ,&nbsp;Rikke B. Dalby ,&nbsp;Malene F. Damholdt ,&nbsp;Per Borghammer ,&nbsp;David J. Brooks","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The typical spatial pattern of amyloid-β (Aβ) in diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is that of a symmetrical hemispheric distribution. However, Aβ may be asymmetrically distributed in early stages of AD. Aβ distribution on PET has previously been explored in MCI and AD, but it has yet to be directly investigated in preclinical AD (pAD). We examined how Aβ was distributed in individuals with pAD and MCI using ¹¹C-Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) PET.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this PET study, 79 subjects were retrospectively enrolled, including 34 controls, 24 pAD, and 21 MCI. All subjects underwent <em>APOE</em> genotyping, ¹¹C-PiB PET, MRI, and cognitive testing. We explored differences in Aβ load, Aβ lateralisation, and Aβ distribution, as well as associations between Aβ distribution and cognition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The Aβ asymmetry index (AI) differed between groups, with pAD having the highest Aβ AI as compared to both controls and MCI. There was no clear Aβ lateralisation in pAD, but there was a non-significant trend towards Aβ being more left-lateralised in MCI. There were no correlations between the cognitive scores and Aβ AI or Aβ lateralisation in pAD or MCI.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The distribution of Aβ is most asymmetrical in pAD, as Aβ first starts accumulating, and it then becomes less asymmetrical in MCI, when Aβ has spread further, suggesting that more pronounced asymmetrical Aβ distribution may be a distinguishing factor in pAD. Longitudinal studies examining the distribution of Aβ across the AD continuum are needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100048"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/56/bf/main.PMC9997142.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9155242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep, Sirtuin 1 and Alzheimer’s disease: A review","authors":"Mehrane Mehramiz ,&nbsp;Tenielle Porter ,&nbsp;Simon M. Laws ,&nbsp;Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sleep plays a major role in brain health, and cognition. Disrupted sleep is a well-described symptom of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, accumulating evidence suggests suboptimal sleep also increases AD risk. The deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1), encoded by the <em>SIRT1</em> gene, impacts sleep via its relationship to wake-sleep neurotransmitters and somnogens. Evidence from animal and human studies supports a significant and complex relationship between sleep, Sirt 1/ <em>SIRT1</em> and AD. Numerous hypotheses attempt to explain the critical impact of Sirt 1/ <em>SIRT1</em> on wake- and sleep- promoting neurons, their related mechanisms and neurotransmitters. However, there is a paucity of studies assessing the interaction between sleep and Sirt 1/ <em>SIRT1</em>, as a principal component of sleep regulation, on AD pathology. In this review, we explore the potential association between Sirt 1/ <em>SIRT1</em>, sleep, and AD aetiology. Given sleep is a likely modifiable risk factor for AD, and recent studies suggest Sirt 1/ <em>SIRT1</em> activation can be modulated by lifestyle or dietary approaches, further research in this area is required to explore its potential as a target for AD prevention and treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100050"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/f6/main.PMC9997138.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9453772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the parietal cortex in inhibitory processing in the vertical meridian: Evidence from elderly brain damaged patients","authors":"Pedro J. Fernández ,&nbsp;Ana B. Vivas ,&nbsp;Magdalena Chechlacz ,&nbsp;Luis J. Fuentes","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We explored the effects of parietal damage on inhibitory effects of visuospatial attention, inhibition of return (IOR) and inhibitory tagging (IT), in the vertical meridian. We combined a vertical spatial cue paradigm with a Stroop task employing three different temporal intervals between the spatial cue and the target (700, 1200 and 2000 ms) in two groups of patients, one with damage to the parietal cortex and underlying white matter (the parietal patients group) and the other with damage in other brain areas not including the parietal lobe (the control patient group), and a healthy control group. Healthy controls showed the expected inhibitory effects, IOR at the 700 and 1200 intervals and IT at the 1200 interval (as evidenced in a reduction in the magnitude of Stroop interference at the cued location). On the other hand, only the group of parietal patients showed delayed onset of inhibitory effects, IOR and IT appeared at the 1200 ms and 2000 ms intervals, respectively. These findings provide evidence for a role of the parietal cortex, and the underlying fibre tracts, in inhibitory processing in the vertical meridian, with damage to the parietal cortex altering the time course of attention-dependent inhibition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/05/d5/main.PMC9997184.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional near infrared spectroscopy activation during an executive function task differs between healthy older and younger adults","authors":"Heather Kwan ,&nbsp;Vanessa Scarapicchia ,&nbsp;Drew Halliday ,&nbsp;Stuart MacDonald ,&nbsp;Jodie R. Gawryluk","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Healthy aging can include declines in processing speed and executive function. Further research is needed to characterize the neurobiological underpinnings of these cognitive changes in older adulthood. The current study used functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), an optical neuroimaging technique, to examine differences in cerebral oxygenation between healthy older adults (OA) and younger adults (YA) during a measure of cognitive interference.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirty-four participants were sampled from two age groups: YA (mean age = 28.1 years, SD = 2.8, F = 9) and OA (mean age = 70.9 years, SD = 5.4, F = 9). Participants completed the Multi-Source Interference Task (MSIT), a measure of executive function with high and low-demand conditions, while undergoing fNIRS recordings using a TechEn CW6 system with 34-source-detector channels, situated over the prefrontal cortex. Functional activation patterns, accuracy, and reaction time were compared between and within groups for each condition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Behaviourally, during the control condition, OA and YA had comparable accuracy, although OA had significantly slower reaction times than YA. During the interference condition, OA had significantly lower accuracy and slower reaction times than YA. Results demonstrated a significant difference between groups with an age-related increase in HbO for OA in both conditions (p &lt; 0.05). Within groups, OA showed greater activation during the control condition, while YA demonstrated greater activation during the interference condition.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings suggest that OA recruit additional neural resources to achieve similar behavioural performance during low-level cognitive interference, but that compensation in OA may be insufficient to support behavioural performance at higher levels of interference.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ba/49/main.PMC9997178.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gray matter network properties show distinct associations with CSF p-tau 181 levels and amyloid status in individuals without dementia","authors":"Luigi Lorenzini ,&nbsp;Silvia Ingala ,&nbsp;Viktor Wottschel ,&nbsp;Alle Meije Wink ,&nbsp;Henk JMM Mutsaerts ,&nbsp;Sven Haller ,&nbsp;Kaj Blennow ,&nbsp;John T. O'Brien ,&nbsp;B. Giovanni Frisoni ,&nbsp;Gael Chételat ,&nbsp;Pierre Payoux ,&nbsp;Pablo Martinez-Lage ,&nbsp;Adam Waldman ,&nbsp;Joanna Wardlaw ,&nbsp;Craig Ritchie ,&nbsp;Juan Domingo Gispert ,&nbsp;Pieter Jelle Visser ,&nbsp;Philip Scheltens ,&nbsp;Frederik Barkhof ,&nbsp;Betty M. Tijms","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gray matter networks are altered with amyloid accumulation in the earliest stage of AD, and are associated with decline throughout the AD spectrum. It remains unclear to what extent gray matter network abnormalities are associated with hyperphosphorylated-tau (p-tau). We studied the relationship of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) p-tau181 with gray matter networks in non-demented participants from the European Prevention of Alzheimer’s Dementia (EPAD) cohort, and studied dependencies on amyloid and cognitive status. Gray matter networks were extracted from baseline structural 3D T1w MRI. P-tau181 and abeta were measured with the Roche cobas Elecsys System. We studied the associations of CSF biomarkers levels with several network’s graph properties. We further studied whether the relationships of p-tau 181 and network measures were dependent on amyloid status and cognitive stage (CDR). We repeated these analyses for network properties at a regional level, where we averaged local network values across cubes within each of 116 areas as defined by the automated anatomical labeling (AAL) atlas. Amyloid positivity was associated with higher network size and betweenness centrality, and lower gamma, clustering and small-world coefficients. Higher CSF p-tau 181 levels were related to lower betweenness centrality, path length and lambda coefficients (all p &lt; 0.01). Three-way interactions between p-tau181, amyloid status and CDR were found for path length, lambda and clustering (all p &lt; 0.05): Cognitively unimpaired amyloid-negative participants showed lower path length and lambda values with higher CSF p-tau181 levels. Amyloid-positive participants with impaired cognition demonstrated lower clustering coefficients in association to higher CSF p-tau181 levels.</p><p>Our results suggest that alterations in gray matter network clustering coefficient is an early and specific event in AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/52/ca/main.PMC9997148.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9155243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiber Ball white matter modeling reveals microstructural alterations in healthy brain aging","authors":"Siddhartha Dhiman ,&nbsp;Stephanie Fountain-Zaragoza ,&nbsp;Jens H. Jensen ,&nbsp;Maria Fatima Falangola ,&nbsp;Emilie T. McKinnon ,&nbsp;Hunter G. Moss ,&nbsp;Kathryn E. Thorn ,&nbsp;William J. Rieter ,&nbsp;Maria Vittoria Spampinato ,&nbsp;Paul J. Nietert ,&nbsp;Joseph A. Helpern ,&nbsp;Andreana Benitez","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Age-related white matter degeneration is characterized by myelin breakdown and neuronal fiber loss that preferentially occur in regions that myelinate later in development. Conventional diffusion MRI (dMRI) has demonstrated age-related increases in diffusivity but provides limited information regarding the tissue-specific changes driving these effects. A recently developed dMRI biophysical modeling technique, Fiber Ball White Matter (FBWM) modeling, offers enhanced biological interpretability by estimating microstructural properties specific to the intra-axonal and extra-axonal spaces. We used FBWM to illustrate the biological mechanisms underlying changes throughout white matter in healthy aging using data from 63 cognitively unimpaired adults ages 45–85 with no radiological evidence of neurodegeneration or incipient Alzheimer’s disease. Conventional dMRI and FBWM metrics were computed for two late-myelinating (genu of the corpus callosum and association tracts) and two early-myelinating regions (splenium of the corpus callosum and projection tracts). We examined the associations between age and these metrics in each region and tested whether age was differentially associated with these metrics in late- vs. early-myelinating regions. We found that conventional metrics replicated patterns of age-related increases in diffusivity in late-myelinating regions. FBWM additionally revealed specific intra- and extra-axonal changes suggestive of myelin breakdown and preferential loss of smaller-diameter axons, yielding <em>in vivo</em> corroboration of findings from histopathological studies of aged brains. These results demonstrate that advanced biophysical modeling approaches, such as FBWM, offer novel information about the microstructure-specific alterations contributing to white matter changes in healthy aging. These tools hold promise as sensitive indicators of early pathological changes related to neurodegenerative disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d6/fe/main.PMC9624504.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9072374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisensory integration precision is associated with better cognitive performance over time in older adults: A large-scale exploratory study","authors":"Rebecca J. Hirst ,&nbsp;Annalisa Setti ,&nbsp;Céline De Looze ,&nbsp;Rose Anne Kenny ,&nbsp;Fiona N. Newell","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Age-related sensory decline impacts cognitive performance and exposes individuals to a greater risk of cognitive decline. Integration across the senses also changes with age, yet the link between multisensory perception and cognitive ageing is poorly understood. We explored the relationship between multisensory integration and cognitive function in 2875 adults aged 50 + from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Multisensory integration was assessed at several audio-visual temporal asynchronies using the Sound Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI). More precise integration (i.e. less illusion susceptibility with larger temporal asynchronies) was cross-sectionally associated with faster Choice Response Times and Colour Trail Task performance, and fewer errors on the Sustained Attention to Response Task. We then used k-means clustering to identify groups with different 10-year cognitive trajectories on measures available longitudinally; delayed recall, immediate recall and verbal fluency. Across measures, groups with consistently higher performance trajectories had more precise multisensory integration. These findings support broad links between multisensory integration and several cognitive measures, including processing speed, attention and memory, rather than association with any specific subdomain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/e7/main.PMC9997173.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9095537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between cardiovascular risk and lifestyle activities on hippocampal volumes in normative aging","authors":"Vanessa Scarapicchia ,&nbsp;Stuart MacDonald ,&nbsp;Jodie R. Gawryluk","doi":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite the life-course perspective of popular aging models, few studies on healthy aging to date have examined both younger and older adulthood. The current study examined how cumulative vascular risk factors and self-reported levels of physical, social, and cognitive activity are associated with differences in hippocampal volumes in healthy younger and older adults.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>34 neurologically healthy participants were separated into two age cohorts: a younger adult group (age 25–35, n = 17) and an older adult group (age 65–82, n = 17). Participants underwent a 3 T T1 MRI and completed a series of questionnaires. Voxel-based morphometry examined whole-brain grey matter density differences between groups. Hippocampal volumes were computed. Analyses examined the association between hippocampal volumes, cumulative vascular risk, and self-reported levels of physical, social, and cognitive activity, both within and across groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Between-group comparisons revealed greater cortical atrophy in older relative to young adults in regions including the left and right hippocampus and temporal fusiform cortex. Across-group analyses revealed a significant negative association between cardiovascular risk scores and bilateral hippocampal volumes across age groups. A significant negative association was identified between frequency of social activities and bilateral hippocampal volumes in older adults only. No significant associations were found between left or right hippocampal volumes and total, cognitive, or physical activities in both within- and across-group analyses.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Greater cumulative vascular risk is associated with smaller hippocampal volumes across age cohorts. Findings suggest that social activities with low cognitive load may not be beneficial to structural brain outcomes in older age.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72131,"journal":{"name":"Aging brain","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/5a/main.PMC9999441.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9102678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}