Aging and health research最新文献

{"title":"Parenting style in childhood and depressive symptoms among family caregivers in middle and later adulthood in the United States: The role of perceived control","authors":"Yujun Liu ,&nbsp;M. Courtney Hughes ,&nbsp;Abby Baumbach ,&nbsp;Hongdao Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Childhood experiences with parents can impact family caregivers’ attitudes and well-being in middle and later adulthood. This study aims to examine the association between remembered parenting style of parents in childhood and depressive symptoms among family caregivers in middle and later adulthood.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Data were from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, a longitudinal national survey that included 7108 adult participants at baseline (1993). Conditional process modeling was conducted using data from 629 participants who had given personal care to their family members for one month or more in the second (2003) wave.</p></div><div><h3>Result</h3><p>The results showed the direct path between parental affection and depressive symptoms (direct effect: -0.105, 95% CI: -0.008, -0.116) and the direct path between parental discipline and depressive symptoms (direct effect: 0.027, 95% CI: 0.014, 0.037) were significant. Perceived control (indirect effect: 0.002, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.005, κ2= 0.001) significantly mediated the relationship between parental affection and depressive symptoms. The indirect effect between parental discipline and depressive symptoms through perceived control (indirect effect: 0.005, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.007, κ2= 0.011) was also significant.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings supported the mediation effects of perceived control on the association between parenting styles and depressive symptoms among family caregivers in their middle and later life. Knowledge about the impact of parenting styles on family caregivers may help in developing and targeting support interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 2","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41942138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors and outcomes of delirium in hospitalized older adults with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Nida Munawar ,&nbsp;Rubab Syed ,&nbsp;Maria Costello ,&nbsp;David Robinson ,&nbsp;Colm Bergin ,&nbsp;Elaine Greene","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Older adults with COVID-19 are more likely to present with atypical symptoms, notably delirium. The main objective of this meta-analysis is to identify risk factors for delirium and outcomes of delirium in hospitalized older adults (65 years or above) with COVID-19.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Comprehensive literature search of Embase, CINAHIL, Medline and Web of Science was performed for published literature until 31st August 2021. Two independent researchers evaluated study eligibility and assessed study quality using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies and Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools for case series. The association of various predisposing factors with delirium in this cohort was reported as odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 31 studies from 11 countries were included in this review. Most of the included studies investigated patients from non-ICU settings (<em>n</em> = 24; 77.4%). Frailty (OR 3.52, 95% CI: 1.96–6.31, <em>p</em>&lt;0.0001, I²=71.63%), cognitive impairment including dementia (OR 6.17, 95% CI: 2.92–13.07, <em>p</em>&lt;0.00001, I²=88.63%) and being nursing home residents (OR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.31–2.24, <em>p</em>&lt;0.0001, I²=0) were significantly associated with increased likelihood of developing delirium in older adults with COVID-19. The presence of delirium also significantly increases mortality risk in hospitalized older adults with COVID-19 (OR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.51–4.17, <em>p</em>&lt;0.0001, I²=89.3%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our review identifies key factors associated with increased risk of developing delirium in hospitalized older adults with COVID-19. Identification of patients at risk of delirium and attention to these factors early during admission may improve outcomes for this vulnerable cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9894681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9183850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood health conditions and insomnia among adults in mid-life","authors":"Connor Sheehan ,&nbsp;Phillip Cantu ,&nbsp;Danielle Powell ,&nbsp;Sydney Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Little is known regarding the influence of childhood health broadly and childhood health conditions specifically on insomnia throughout adulthood.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Baby Boomers born 1954–1965 were investigated. We fitted regression models predicting self-reported insomnia based on twenty-three retrospectively reported specific childhood health conditions (e.g., measles) and general childhood health measures and adjusted for demographics, childhood socioeconomic status, and adult socioeconomic status.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Nearly all the measures of childhood health significantly increased insomnia symptoms in adulthood. In a model where all measures were included, we found that respiratory disorders, headaches, stomach problems, and concussions were particularly strong predictors of insomnia.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings extend past work illustrating the “long arm” of childhood conditions for health, showing that specific health conditions in childhood may indelibly imprint insomnia risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ac/3f/nihms-1883030.PMC10065450.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9651025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of gut microbiota to Alzheimer's Disease (AD): Potential effects of probiotic in management of AD","authors":"Mahadev Dhami ,&nbsp;Khadga Raj ,&nbsp;Shamsher Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The gut microbiota consists of a group of microorganisms required to support the gastrointestinal system. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a dynamic bidirectional communication pathway that links cognitive and emotional perception with peripheral intestinal functions. The change in the architecture of gut microbiota increases the permeability of the intestine, activates the immune system, changes blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, increases proinflammatory mediators, and eventually causes neurodegeneration. The increased intestinal bowel upset and altered BBB permeability cause microbiota dysbiosis that leads to the release of amyloids and lipopolysaccharides. This further modulate NF-κB signaling and immense proinflammatory cytokines storm and cause loss of neurons. A growing body of experimental and clinical reports indicates the role of intestinal dysbiosis and microbiota-host interaction in neurodegeneration. The use of germ-free animals and animals with pathogenic infections and probiotics that affect the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) associated with gut microbiota is an ongoing developmental research area. The therapeutic indication of probiotics in modulating intestinal microbiota would be a therapeutic strategy in AD.  The purpose of the article is to explore how the gut-brain axis is linked to cognitive impairment and the use of probiotics to maintain gut microbial flora and prevent AD-like symptoms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47736842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of MCI patients using vergence eye movements and pupil responses obtained during a visual oddball test","authors":"Amin Hashemi ,&nbsp;Oleksii Leonovych ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Carolina Jiménez ,&nbsp;Alba Sierra-Marcos ,&nbsp;August Romeo ,&nbsp;Patricia Bustos Valenzuala ,&nbsp;Maria Solé Puig ,&nbsp;Joan Lopez Moliner ,&nbsp;Elisabet Tubau ,&nbsp;Hans Supèr","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) patients can be identified based on the analysis of vergence eye movements and pupil responses. We recorded vergence and pupil responses in MCI patients (<em>N</em> = 22) and cognitive healthy elderly (<em>N</em> = 18) while performing a visual oddball task. Based on selected features, a classifier model computed probability scores predicting MCI. MCI patients were re-evaluated in a follow-up visit of 12–18 months. For validating the model, patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) (<em>N</em> = 9) were tested. High classification accuracy was obtained (AUC: 0.93). In addition, the probability scores showed significant predictive power of MCI conversion into possible AD. Our results show that MCI can be detected by assessing vergence and pupil responses during a simple and short task. Therefore, these responses could potentially be used as a marker tool for MCI diagnosis and to identify the risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48662885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting age-friendly community of support and care in Japan's aging neighborhood: The Nagayama model","authors":"Leng Leng Thang ,&nbsp;Yoshimichi Yui ,&nbsp;Yoshiki Wakabayashi ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Miyazawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2022.100111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2022.100111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since 2007, Japan has been experiencing an aging and shrinking population as a consequence of rapid rate of aging and a persistently low birth rate. The impact of depopulation is apparent not only in rural areas, but also in new towns in the urban suburbs mostly built in the 1970 s to house the extensive flow of population to big urban centres. From the case study of a depopulated neighborhood in a new town in Tokyo suburb, this paper examines how the neighbourhood regeneration effort has resulted in a ground-up model of the community-based integrated care system promoting aging in place. Through fieldwork comprising participant observations and interviews, we examine the process and the neighbourhood services established that have led to the so-called ‘Nagayama method’. The involvement of multi-stakeholders from local government, non-profit and business sectors have shown concerted efforts in the care and support of older residents contributing towards a conducive environment for one to age safely and meaningfully in the community. In discussion, the case study is examined with reference to Fallov's concept of the ‘third way’ path in neighborhood regeneration recognizing the significance of local conditions and existing capabilities in contributing to the successful adoption of a ground-up system. By focusing on a depopulated urban neighbourhood through the lens of multi-stakeholders’ efforts in making a difference to the everyday lives of older adults in local community, the study brings attention to diversity in aging environments and implications for policy and practice for the Decade for Health Aging initiative.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46713742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inadequate functional capacity and health-related outcomes in older adults living in nursing homes in Greece","authors":"Vasilios Mitsiokapas ,&nbsp;Eleni Siarampi ,&nbsp;Virginia V Smixioti ,&nbsp;Evanthia Mitsiokapa ,&nbsp;Christina Karatzaferi ,&nbsp;Panayiotis Koulouvaris ,&nbsp;Andreas F. Mavrogenis ,&nbsp;Christoforos D. Giannaki ,&nbsp;Giorgos K. Sakkas","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Physical activity (PA) in older adults is essential for disease prevention, maintenance of independence and improvement of quality of life. However, nursing home residents spend their time mostly sedentary. In this study, the levels of PA among older adults living independently in the community and their matched counterparts in nursing homes were assessed. Participants’ body mass index, functional capacity and health-related quality of life aspects were evaluated. Quality of life scores (QoL) were similar between the two groups. However, the nursing home participants had lower functional capacity, lower cognitive function and reduced PA levels, compared to their counterparts. PA was strongly correlated with cognitive function and QoL, whereas QoL, fatigue, depression and quality of sleep were negatively correlated. Older adults living in nursing homes have lower levels of PA which in turn could potentially affect cognitive function, QoL and functionality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42641076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delirium education for geriatric patients and their families: A quality improvement initiative✰","authors":"Serena P. Wong ,&nbsp;Jennifer Tu ,&nbsp;Stuart Downie ,&nbsp;Mitchell T. Heflin ,&nbsp;Shelley R. McDonald ,&nbsp;Mamata Yanamadala","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Delirium affects up to 50% of hospitalized older adults, contributing to poor outcomes. Family members can be engaged in delirium identification, prevention, and management. Rapid cycle improvement methodology was utilized to create a new educational handout on delirium. Using this handout, we taught family caregivers about delirium in a geriatric preoperative clinic. During the patient's postoperative recovery in the hospital, we evaluated family members’ knowledge about delirium and application of concepts learned in the handout. All participating family members reported applying at least one prevention strategy. We implemented a new delirium educational handout for family members that resulted in robust knowledge of delirium and self-report of strategies taken to prevent delirium. All respondents engaged in at least one delirium prevention strategy. This was used in a preoperative setting, but it could also be implemented in other situations prior to an event that might lead to increased delirium risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49528921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does pain matter in the Australian Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety? A text mining study","authors":"Mustafa Atee ,&nbsp;Matthew Andreotta ,&nbsp;Rebecca Lloyd ,&nbsp;Daniel Whiting ,&nbsp;Marie Alford ,&nbsp;Thomas Morris","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pain is often poorly documented, assessed and managed in the Australian aged care sector. The Australian Government called for the Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety (RC) to investigate the serious concerns, neglects and abuses including the inadequate pain management seen in the sector. This study examined the degree to which the RC discussed the issue of pain in their published reports and recommendations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A text mining study with a computer-assisted term frequency analysis identified mentions of the word “pain” in the text of two key reports produced by the RC: the Interim Report and the Final Report. Main outcome measures included frequency of mentions of “pain”, cumulative percentile rank of the word “pain”, proportion of words that were “pain”, and frequency of mentions of the word “pain” in quotes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The word “pain” was mentioned often in the Interim Report (<em>n</em> = 10, 0.03% of all words, 87th percentile) and the Final Report (<em>n</em> = 218, 0.05% of all words, 97th percentile). However, the word “pain” was absent from final recommendations of the RC.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although the RC discussed pain in their reports, the topic was omitted from recommendations, reflecting a lack of attention to the presented evidence. Without specific recommendations for pain management, a disconnection may arise between targeted polices, programs and funding schemes, and the clinical practice. Thus, older adults living in the community and residential aged care homes may remain vulnerable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47656973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital technology use, in general and for health purposes, by older adults in Singapore","authors":"Abhijit Visaria ,&nbsp;Seema Aithal ,&nbsp;Rahul Malhotra","doi":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Existing research indicates that the use of digital technology among older adults varies across subgroups defined by demographic and health characteristics. We study the prevalence and correlates of digital technology use in general and for health purposes in Singapore, a rapidly aging country, where digital technology use in everyday lives is actively promoted.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used data on digital technology use in general (use of a digital device either every day or most days of the week) and health-related digital technology use (use of the internet and/or any app in the past month for seeking information on one's health or help with management of a health condition), pertaining to 2887 respondents aged ≥62 years participating in a national survey conducted in 2019. Andersen's behavioural model of health service use guided selection of potential correlates.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The prevalence of digital technology use was 66.2%. Our multivariable logistic regression analysis shows that those older, of Malay and Indian ethnicity, unemployed, with physical function limitations, and vision impairments were less likely to use digital technology in general whereas those with higher education, in larger housing, physically active, and with strong social networks were more likely. The prevalence of health-related digital technology use was 21.4% among digital technology users, and more likely among females, those with higher education, strong social networks, and with more depressive symptoms but less likely among those older, Malay, and with physical function limitations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Policies and interventions that promote digital technology use among older adults should focus on specific sub-groups and their access and usage barriers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72129,"journal":{"name":"Aging and health research","volume":"3 1","pages":"Article 100117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48087842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}