{"title":"Collaborative Optimization of Charge Carrier Dynamics and Energy Loss of Organic Solar Cells via Rational Morphology Regulation","authors":"Yue Xu, Hongyu Fan, Yue Wu, Xuncheng Zhu, Kewei Hu, Chaohua Cui, Yongfang Li","doi":"10.1002/agt2.70374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.70374","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Generally, the required dominant <i>J</i>-aggregation and ordered molecular stacking via morphology optimization gives rise to red-shifted absorption spectrum with lower optical energy bandgap (<i>E</i><sub>g</sub>), resulting in the adverse effect on the open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>oc</sub>) improvement in organic solar cells (OSCs). To maximize power-conversion efficiency (PCE), it is desirable to reduce the energy loss (<i>E</i><sub>loss</sub>) of OSCs to refrain from decreasing the <i>V</i><sub>oc</sub> via rational morphology optimization. Herein, we reveal the effect of solid additive treatment on collaboratively optimizing the charge carrier dynamics and <i>E</i><sub>loss</sub> to maximize short-circuit current density and fill factor without decreasing the <i>V</i><sub>oc</sub> of OSCs. In addition to improving the <i>J</i>-aggregation and molecular stacking of D18:N3 blend for efficient charge separation and transport, it is found that the biphenyl (BPh) additive treatment significantly reduces the <i>E</i><sub>loss</sub> to offset the lower <i>E</i><sub>g</sub> for maintaining the high <i>V</i><sub>oc</sub> of OSCs. As a result, the BPh additive treatment shows remarkable effect in boosting the PCE of OSCs. In particular, the BPh additive treatment for the D18:N3:L8-BO-4Cl-based device significantly elevates the PCE from 18.95% to 20.10%.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.70374","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148166961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Yu, Shihao Zhang, Qi Li, Pengchen Du, Hanshen Xin, Jie Xue, Tengfei Yan, Jianhua Zhang
{"title":"Azulene–BODIPY Hybrid Dyes as Non-Emissive, Wide-Gamut RGB Colorants for High-Resolution Color Filters","authors":"Bo Yu, Shihao Zhang, Qi Li, Pengchen Du, Hanshen Xin, Jie Xue, Tengfei Yan, Jianhua Zhang","doi":"10.1002/agt2.70377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.70377","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pursuit of high-performance color filters (CFs) for next-generation displays demands organic dyes with a wide color gamut, high color purity, low emissivity, and excellent processability. Herein, we report a rational molecular design strategy by integrating the nonalternant, polar azulene unit into the BODIPY scaffold to create three novel derivatives—AzBdpy-B, AzBdpy-G, and AzBdpy-R—tailored for blue, green, and red subpixel applications. By strategically varying the linkage sites (azulene 1-/2-positons to BODIPY <i>α</i>/<i>β</i> positions), we precisely modulate intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) strength and frontier molecular orbital hybridization. This achieves targeted absorption peaks at 621 nm (AzBdpy-B), 735 nm (AzBdpy-G), and 535 nm (AzBdpy-R), respectively. The incorporation of azulene not only enables broad spectral tunability but also effectively suppresses radiative decay, resulting in near-zero visible fluorescence—critical for minimizing background luminance in CFs. CFs fabricated from these materials demonstrate good photothermal stability (Δ<i>E</i><sub>ab</sub> < 3 after 150°C heating and UV exposure), high color purity, and wide sRGB coverage (81%), with photolithographic resolution down to 8.2–10.7 µm. Combined experimental and theoretical analyses—including single-crystal X-ray diffraction, hole-electron distribution, and Independent Gradient Model (IGM)—reveal how azulene–BODIPY electronic coupling governs both optical performance and structural robustness. This work establishes azulene-functionalized BODIPYs as a promising platform for high-resolution, low-emissivity RGB color photoresists, offering new insights into the molecular engineering of advanced dye-based optoelectronic materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.70377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148174664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"γ-Cyclodextrin-Based 2:2 Host–Guest Complexes With Emergent Circularly Polarized Luminescence","authors":"Shuang Jin, Songbo Qi, Liu-Pan Yang, Zihan Xu, Liulin Yang, Xiaoyu Cao, Guanglu Wu, Yibin Sun","doi":"10.1002/agt2.70375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/agt2.70375","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Discrete 2:2 host–guest complexes provide a well-defined platform for correlating supramolecular structure with emergent photophysical behavior. Although γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) is widely used in aqueous host–guest chemistry, structurally well-defined 2:2 complexes and their formation mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we report a γ-CD-mediated 2:2 host–guest complex formed with 1,3,6,8-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)pyrene tetrasodium salt (TCP) and systematically elucidate its structural, mechanistic, and photophysical characteristics. Combined <sup>1</sup>H NMR, 2D NMR, and DOSY analyses resolve the 2:2 architecture, while thermodynamic and kinetic studies reveal a multistep complexation network involving 1:1, 1:2, and 2:2 species, with dimerization providing the dominant thermodynamic driving force. The resulting 2:2 complex exhibits enhanced fluorescence emission and pronounced chiroptical responses, including circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence, arising from supramolecular chirality induced by the chiral γ-CD cavities. Importantly, analogous γ-CD-mediated 2:2 complexation and associated photophysical features are also observed for a tetraphenylethylene-based guest, indicating that this binding mode is not limited to a single chromophoric scaffold. This study clarifies how 2:2 host–guest complexes can form in γ-CD systems and provides mechanistic insight into the emergence of chiral photophysical properties in such complexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":72127,"journal":{"name":"Aggregate (Hoboken, N.J.)","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/agt2.70375","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148174761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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