Accounts of materials research最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling Complex Structural Features of Thiolate-Protected Gold Nanoclusters: From Internal Core to External “Staple” Motifs and Overall Charge States","authors":"Wen Wu Xu*, Endong Wang and Xiao Cheng Zeng*, ","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0016610.1021/accountsmr.4c00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00166https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00166","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The revelation of numerous thiolate-protected gold nanocluster (TP-AuNCs) structures, achieved through a blend of theoretical predictions and experimental detection/validation, presents a vast amount of data for understanding the structural evolution of these nanoclusters. Typically, these clusters featured an internal gold core surrounded by external “staple” motifs SR[Au(SR)]<i><sub>x</sub></i> (<i>x</i> = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...) at various charge states. In this Account, we outline our Grand Unified Model (GUM) that elucidates the growth mechanism of the internal gold core, the bonding nature of outer “staple” motifs, and a ring model illuminating the intricate interfacial interactions between the motifs and the internal gold core, as well as a simple rule governing charge states.</p><p >In GUM, we integrate both the duet and octet rules into TP-AuNCs, and we treat the internal gold core as a combination of triangular Au<sub>3</sub> and tetrahedral Au<sub>4</sub> elementary blocks satisfying the duet rule (Au<sub>3</sub>(2e) and Au<sub>4</sub>(2e)), along with the icosahedral Au<sub>13</sub> secondary blocks following the octet rule (Au<sub>13</sub>(8e)). By combining different numbers of these blocks, a variety of gold cores of TP-AuNCs can be formed. Consequently, the high stability of many known nanoclusters can be attributed to the inherent stability of each block. By inspecting the “staple” motifs, we can describe their structural characteristics and unique bonding mechanisms with a 3-center 4-electron model, alongside the electron pair repulsion theory and valence bond theory. Our study shows that Au atom within “staple” motif SR[Au(SR)] exhibits hypercoordination, while surrounded by two pairs of bonding electron pairs. The repulsion among bonding electron pairs guarantees the stability of each three-atom center (S–Au–S) at quasi-linear configuration. Additionally, we propose a ring model to understand the intricate interactions between the “staple” motifs and the gold core. Within this framework, “staple” motifs and specific gold core atoms tend to form ring structures, with interactions between the gold core atoms and these rings crucial for the structural stability of TP-AuNCs. Finally, since charge states affect the number of valence electrons and the free electrons are dispersed over the inner-core elementary blocks of Au<sub>3</sub>(2e) and Au<sub>4</sub>(2e), correlating cluster charge states with their core structure through valence electrons can elucidate the nature of overall charge states in TP-AuNCs. These recently developed models allow us to understand generic structural features of the internal gold core, external “staple” motifs, and overall charge states of TP-AuNCs.</p><p >Considering the complex structural features of TP-AuNCs, four key factors contributing to their stability are identified: (1) Inherent stability of elementary blocks crucial for forming the gold cores, (2) aurophilic interactions among these elementary ","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"5 9","pages":"1134–1145 1134–1145"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Complex Structural Features of Thiolate-Protected Gold Nanoclusters: From Internal Core to External “Staple” Motifs and Overall Charge States","authors":"Wen Wu Xu, Endong Wang, Xiao Cheng Zeng","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00166","url":null,"abstract":"The revelation of numerous thiolate-protected gold nanocluster (TP-AuNCs) structures, achieved through a blend of theoretical predictions and experimental detection/validation, presents a vast amount of data for understanding the structural evolution of these nanoclusters. Typically, these clusters featured an internal gold core surrounded by external “staple” motifs SR[Au(SR)]<i>_x</i> (<i>x</i> = 0, 1, 2, 3, ...) at various charge states. In this Account, we outline our Grand Unified Model (GUM) that elucidates the growth mechanism of the internal gold core, the bonding nature of outer “staple” motifs, and a ring model illuminating the intricate interfacial interactions between the motifs and the internal gold core, as well as a simple rule governing charge states.","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C–H σ-Dopants Mediated n-Doping of Conjugated Polymers: Mutual Designs and Multiscale Characteristics","authors":"Yuan-He Li,&nbsp;Jie-Yu Wang and Jian Pei*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0013410.1021/accountsmr.4c00134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00134https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00134","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;Conjugated polymers have gained significant interest in recent decades, offering complementary advantages over traditional inorganic electronic materials in ways such as solution processability, mechanical flexibility, and structural diversity afforded via bottom-up organic synthesis. Doping is a crucial aspect for advancing these materials as it adjusts the energies, spatial distributions, and occupancies of the orbitals, affecting the carrier density and mobility. Compared to their p-doping counterparts, n-doping strategies lag behind in their performances. The combination of p-type and n-type polymers is essential for many organic optoelectronic applications, which signified the importance of developing novel n-doping solutions. Traditional electron transfer-type n-dopants, which rely on a low ionization potential for their reactivity, face challenges in processability, reversibility, and sensitivity to ambient conditions. In contrast, C–H σ-dopants operate through different mechanisms. This could open up new avenues to reconcile these conflicts.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p &gt;In this Account, we present our recent efforts to establish a multiscale model for understanding the determinants of n-doping conjugated polymers with C–H σ-dopants. Central to the doping process are the molecular structures of the dopant and the polymer repeating unit, as their interactions dictate reaction kinetics and lay the foundation for the electronic structures of the doped polymers. Backbone conformation is pivotal for orbital delocalization and π–π stacking, affecting the intrachain charge transport process and interactions between polymer backbones. Beyond single-molecule behaviors, achieving ordered polymer–polymer stacking structures is crucial for enhanced electrical performance. This requirement coexists with the need for solubility and efficient doping, influenced by polymer-dopant or polymer–solvent interactions. Fine-tuning these interactions involves considerations of the polymer conformation, side-chain structure, dopant design, and solvent selection. Induced disorders in the side-chain packing region can accommodate the orderly arrangement of polymer backbones, while tolerating dopant molecules, preventing phase segregation, and reducing the tendency for the cationic dopant byproducts to interact with the oppositely charged polymer backbones. We also demonstrated that polarized side chains could minimize transport barriers caused by electrostatic interactions and reduce the impact of dopant cations on backbone packing. Finally, we explored the effects of polymer microstructures including phase segregation and crystallization behaviors. The practical importance of considering these multifaceted factors is illustrated through the construction of some of the best-performing flexible thermoelectric generators. From theories and molecular designs to characterizations and applications, this Account provides a comprehensive framework for further exploration in the field of n-d","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"5 9","pages":"1059–1071 1059–1071"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142325958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C–H σ-Dopants Mediated n-Doping of Conjugated Polymers: Mutual Designs and Multiscale Characteristics","authors":"Yuan-He Li, Jie-Yu Wang, Jian Pei","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00134","url":null,"abstract":"Conjugated polymers have gained significant interest in recent decades, offering complementary advantages over traditional inorganic electronic materials in ways such as solution processability, mechanical flexibility, and structural diversity afforded via bottom-up organic synthesis. Doping is a crucial aspect for advancing these materials as it adjusts the energies, spatial distributions, and occupancies of the orbitals, affecting the carrier density and mobility. Compared to their p-doping counterparts, n-doping strategies lag behind in their performances. The combination of p-type and n-type polymers is essential for many organic optoelectronic applications, which signified the importance of developing novel n-doping solutions. Traditional electron transfer-type n-dopants, which rely on a low ionization potential for their reactivity, face challenges in processability, reversibility, and sensitivity to ambient conditions. In contrast, C–H σ-dopants operate through different mechanisms. This could open up new avenues to reconcile these conflicts.","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141877769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-Controlled Macrocyclic Supramolecular Assemblies and Luminescent Behaviors","authors":"Shuangqi Song, Hengzhi Zhang, Yu Liu","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00157","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent supramolecular assemblies can respond well to external stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, electricity, magnetism, and enzymes to achieve not only reversible topological morphology changes and assembly/disassembly processes but also special physical and chemical properties, which are successfully applied to biological imaging, cancer treatment, luminescent materials, anticounterfeiting, sensing, molecular switch in chemical, materials, as well as biological research fields. Among all stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies, light-controlled supramolecular assemblies have always attracted intense attention because light is a kind of clean and eco-friendly energy. In this Account, we focus on light-controlled supramolecular assemblies formed by four types of photoresponsive molecules and macrocyclic hosts such as cucurbit[n]urils, cyclodextrins, and crown ethers, and their regulations in luminescent materials and bioimaging. The assemblies and cascade assemblies between photoisomerization or photoreaction molecules and macrocyclic hosts mainly include: 1) light-controlled supramolecular assemblies based on macrocycles and diarylethene. As molecular switches, the open-ring and closed-ring configurations of diarylethenes can be reversibly controlled to achieve tunable fluorescence resonance energy transfer (&lt;b&gt;FRET&lt;/b&gt;) process and further regulate luminescent behaviors to construct intelligent response cell-imaging, anticounterfeiting, and multicolor luminescence systems. 2) Light-controlled supramolecular assemblies based on macrocycles and spiropyran. Different from the diarylethenes, spiropyran can converse between positive charges in the ring-open merocyanie (&lt;b&gt;MC&lt;/b&gt;) state, which is amphiphilic and easy to bond with macrocycles like cucurbit[n]urils, and neutral/negative charges in the ring-closed spiropyran (&lt;b&gt;SP&lt;/b&gt;) state, which is more likely to self-assemble. Therefore, the differentiation of bonding affinities with macrocycles between &lt;b&gt;MC&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;SP&lt;/b&gt; can achieve light-driven molecular machines. 3) Light-controlled supramolecular assemblies between macrocycles and azobenzene, whether azobenzene is modified to the macrocyclic hosts or functional guests, supramolecular assemblies are formed through host–guest interactions, and the topological morphology and luminescence behavior of the assemblies can be regulated by photoisomerization to apply in catalytic activity modulation, induction of microtubule (&lt;b&gt;MT&lt;/b&gt;) assembly/disassembly, drug delivery, and others. 4) Light-controlled supramolecular assemblies based on macrocycles and anthracene, in which different bonding affinities between anthracene before and after photooxidation and macrocyclic hosts, as well as reversible dimerization, not only change the topological morphologies but also drive fluorescence phosphorescence dual imaging and the construction of photostimuli-driven luminescent lanthanide molecular switch. With the creation of macrocycles with n","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141877771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light-Controlled Macrocyclic Supramolecular Assemblies and Luminescent Behaviors","authors":"Shuangqi Song,&nbsp;Hengzhi Zhang and Yu Liu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0015710.1021/accountsmr.4c00157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00157https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00157","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;Intelligent supramolecular assemblies can respond well to external stimuli such as pH, temperature, light, electricity, magnetism, and enzymes to achieve not only reversible topological morphology changes and assembly/disassembly processes but also special physical and chemical properties, which are successfully applied to biological imaging, cancer treatment, luminescent materials, anticounterfeiting, sensing, molecular switch in chemical, materials, as well as biological research fields. Among all stimuli-responsive supramolecular assemblies, light-controlled supramolecular assemblies have always attracted intense attention because light is a kind of clean and eco-friendly energy. In this Account, we focus on light-controlled supramolecular assemblies formed by four types of photoresponsive molecules and macrocyclic hosts such as cucurbit[n]urils, cyclodextrins, and crown ethers, and their regulations in luminescent materials and bioimaging. The assemblies and cascade assemblies between photoisomerization or photoreaction molecules and macrocyclic hosts mainly include: 1) light-controlled supramolecular assemblies based on macrocycles and diarylethene. As molecular switches, the open-ring and closed-ring configurations of diarylethenes can be reversibly controlled to achieve tunable fluorescence resonance energy transfer (&lt;b&gt;FRET&lt;/b&gt;) process and further regulate luminescent behaviors to construct intelligent response cell-imaging, anticounterfeiting, and multicolor luminescence systems. 2) Light-controlled supramolecular assemblies based on macrocycles and spiropyran. Different from the diarylethenes, spiropyran can converse between positive charges in the ring-open merocyanie (&lt;b&gt;MC&lt;/b&gt;) state, which is amphiphilic and easy to bond with macrocycles like cucurbit[n]urils, and neutral/negative charges in the ring-closed spiropyran (&lt;b&gt;SP&lt;/b&gt;) state, which is more likely to self-assemble. Therefore, the differentiation of bonding affinities with macrocycles between &lt;b&gt;MC&lt;/b&gt; and &lt;b&gt;SP&lt;/b&gt; can achieve light-driven molecular machines. 3) Light-controlled supramolecular assemblies between macrocycles and azobenzene, whether azobenzene is modified to the macrocyclic hosts or functional guests, supramolecular assemblies are formed through host–guest interactions, and the topological morphology and luminescence behavior of the assemblies can be regulated by photoisomerization to apply in catalytic activity modulation, induction of microtubule (&lt;b&gt;MT&lt;/b&gt;) assembly/disassembly, drug delivery, and others. 4) Light-controlled supramolecular assemblies based on macrocycles and anthracene, in which different bonding affinities between anthracene before and after photooxidation and macrocyclic hosts, as well as reversible dimerization, not only change the topological morphologies but also drive fluorescence phosphorescence dual imaging and the construction of photostimuli-driven luminescent lanthanide molecular switch. With the creation of macrocycles wi","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"5 9","pages":"1109–1120 1109–1120"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142325959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Energy Dissipation Diamond MEMS","authors":"Guo Chen, Satoshi Koizumi, Yasuo Koide, Meiyong Liao","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00139","url":null,"abstract":"Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that integrate tiny mechanical devices with electronics on a semiconductor substate have experienced explosive growth over the past decades. MEMS have a range of wide applications from accelerometers and gyroscopes in automotive safety, to precise reference oscillators in consumer electrons to probes in atomic force microscopy and sensors for gravitational wave detection. The quality (<i>Q</i>)-factor is a fundamental parameter of a MEMS resonator that determines the sensitivity, noise level, energy efficiency, and stability of the device. MEMS with low energy dissipation have always been pursued. Despite the brilliant progress of silicon-based MEMS due to the mature technology in counterpart microelectronics, the intrinsic material properties limit the sensitivity and reliability, especially for the applications under extreme conditions. Diamond has emerged as the ideal semiconductor material for low-energy dissipation MEMS with high performance and high reliability, owing to its unparalleled material properties, such as extremely high mechanical strength, superelectrical properties, highest thermal conductivity, and chemical inertness. Diamond resonators are thus expected to exhibit high <i>Q</i>-factors, and high reliability, with low thermomechanical force noise and long coherence rate of mechanical quantum states, not only improving the performance of MEMS devices but also expanding to the quantum domain. Single-crystal diamond (SCD) is desirable to achieve the ultralow energy loss or high <i>Q</i>-factor MEMS resonator due to the nonexistence of grain boundaries and other carbon phases. However, micromachining for SCD is tough and heteroepitaxial growth of SCD on foreign substrates remains quite difficult.","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Energy Dissipation Diamond MEMS","authors":"Guo Chen,&nbsp;Satoshi Koizumi,&nbsp;Yasuo Koide and Meiyong Liao*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0013910.1021/accountsmr.4c00139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00139https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00139","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that integrate tiny mechanical devices with electronics on a semiconductor substate have experienced explosive growth over the past decades. MEMS have a range of wide applications from accelerometers and gyroscopes in automotive safety, to precise reference oscillators in consumer electrons to probes in atomic force microscopy and sensors for gravitational wave detection. The quality (&lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;)-factor is a fundamental parameter of a MEMS resonator that determines the sensitivity, noise level, energy efficiency, and stability of the device. MEMS with low energy dissipation have always been pursued. Despite the brilliant progress of silicon-based MEMS due to the mature technology in counterpart microelectronics, the intrinsic material properties limit the sensitivity and reliability, especially for the applications under extreme conditions. Diamond has emerged as the ideal semiconductor material for low-energy dissipation MEMS with high performance and high reliability, owing to its unparalleled material properties, such as extremely high mechanical strength, superelectrical properties, highest thermal conductivity, and chemical inertness. Diamond resonators are thus expected to exhibit high &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;-factors, and high reliability, with low thermomechanical force noise and long coherence rate of mechanical quantum states, not only improving the performance of MEMS devices but also expanding to the quantum domain. Single-crystal diamond (SCD) is desirable to achieve the ultralow energy loss or high &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;-factor MEMS resonator due to the nonexistence of grain boundaries and other carbon phases. However, micromachining for SCD is tough and heteroepitaxial growth of SCD on foreign substrates remains quite difficult.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p &gt;In this Account, we provide an overview of the recent research and strategies in SCD diamond MEMS for achieving high &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;-factors, focusing on those fabricated by the smart-cut method developed in our lab. We start with the concept of diamond MEMS, covering structure fabrication, fundamentals, and applications. A comprehensive discussion of the energy dissipation mechanisms on the &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;-factors in diamond MEMS resonators is provided. The approaches to enhance the &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;-factor of diamond resonators including (1) the growth of high crystal quality SCD epilayer on the ion-implanted substrate, (2) defects engineering, and (3) strain engineering by thinning the resonator to around 100 nm thick are presented. In the smart-cut method, the ∼100 nm thick defective layer contributes to the main intrinsic energy loss. By combing the growth of a high crystal quality diamond epilayer above the defective layer and the atomic scale etching of the defective layer, the &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;-factors could be improved from thousands to over one million at room temperature, the highest among all the semiconductors. The intrinsic high &lt;i&gt;Q&lt;/i&gt;-factors of SCD MEMS are also due to the well-controlled purity of the d","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"5 9","pages":"1087–1096 1087–1096"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascularization and Innervation for Bone Tissue Engineering","authors":"Shuo Chen, Xiaojun Zhou, Tao Li, Chuanglong He","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c00165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00165","url":null,"abstract":"In the rapidly evolving landscape of regenerative medicine, the field of bone tissue engineering stands as a beacon of innovative progress, pushing the boundaries of what is achievable in the realm of medical science. A pivotal leap forward in this domain involves the integration of vascularization and innervation into engineered bone tissues, propelling the field toward the realization of biomimetic and functionally superior bone constructs. In recent years, considerable significant progress has been made on this promising topic. Vascularization has been considered an essential strategy for bone regeneration. Meanwhile, innervation has emerged as a novel developmental trend in vascularized tissue engineered bone for the field of bone tissue engineering. The integration of vascularization and innervation in bone tissue engineering goes beyond merely replicating the structural aspects of native bone. It opens new possibilities for creating biohybrid constructs that not only restore bone function but also actively participate in the dynamic interplay of the musculoskeletal system. The vascularized and innervated scaffolds could potentially accelerate healing processes, respond to mechanical stimuli, and exhibit enhanced biological compatibility with the host organism, making them highly desirable for researchers in this field. The concept of vascularized and innervated biomaterials is fundamental and important. It is expected to be extensive future work based on this Account in generalizing the work to other regenerative medicines. Thus, to elucidate the effect and mechanism of vascularization and innervation of tissue engineered bone not only has important theoretical significance but also provides a new idea for the design of bone repair materials. In this Account, we present recent progress of our group on vascularized and innervated scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, including the designing principle, preparation method, and involved biological mechanism. First, we provide a brief introduction of basic concept and importance for vascularization and innervation. Then, we summarize the design principle for scaffolds favorable for vascularization and innervation in bone tissue engineering by focusing on several aspects including material types, microstructure construction, and drug delivery. Subsequently, the biological strategies for promoting vascularization and innervation are classified with the introduction of the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, we developed novel evaluation strategy of osteogenesis based on in vivo imaging, which provides a new idea for continuous monitoring of osteogenic in vivo. Finally, we conclude by offering our perspective on open challenges and future development trends of this rapidly evolving field. This Account highlighting the vascularized and innervated scaffolds not only provides interesting insights into strategies for bone regeneration but also provides a new perspective for design and processing of bio","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141754512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vascularization and Innervation for Bone Tissue Engineering","authors":"Shuo Chen,&nbsp;Xiaojun Zhou,&nbsp;Tao Li and Chuanglong He*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/accountsmr.4c0016510.1021/accountsmr.4c00165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00165https://doi.org/10.1021/accountsmr.4c00165","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;In the rapidly evolving landscape of regenerative medicine, the field of bone tissue engineering stands as a beacon of innovative progress, pushing the boundaries of what is achievable in the realm of medical science. A pivotal leap forward in this domain involves the integration of vascularization and innervation into engineered bone tissues, propelling the field toward the realization of biomimetic and functionally superior bone constructs. In recent years, considerable significant progress has been made on this promising topic. Vascularization has been considered an essential strategy for bone regeneration. Meanwhile, innervation has emerged as a novel developmental trend in vascularized tissue engineered bone for the field of bone tissue engineering. The integration of vascularization and innervation in bone tissue engineering goes beyond merely replicating the structural aspects of native bone. It opens new possibilities for creating biohybrid constructs that not only restore bone function but also actively participate in the dynamic interplay of the musculoskeletal system. The vascularized and innervated scaffolds could potentially accelerate healing processes, respond to mechanical stimuli, and exhibit enhanced biological compatibility with the host organism, making them highly desirable for researchers in this field. The concept of vascularized and innervated biomaterials is fundamental and important. It is expected to be extensive future work based on this Account in generalizing the work to other regenerative medicines. Thus, to elucidate the effect and mechanism of vascularization and innervation of tissue engineered bone not only has important theoretical significance but also provides a new idea for the design of bone repair materials. In this Account, we present recent progress of our group on vascularized and innervated scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, including the designing principle, preparation method, and involved biological mechanism. First, we provide a brief introduction of basic concept and importance for vascularization and innervation. Then, we summarize the design principle for scaffolds favorable for vascularization and innervation in bone tissue engineering by focusing on several aspects including material types, microstructure construction, and drug delivery. Subsequently, the biological strategies for promoting vascularization and innervation are classified with the introduction of the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, we developed novel evaluation strategy of osteogenesis based on in vivo imaging, which provides a new idea for continuous monitoring of osteogenic in vivo. Finally, we conclude by offering our perspective on open challenges and future development trends of this rapidly evolving field. This Account highlighting the vascularized and innervated scaffolds not only provides interesting insights into strategies for bone regeneration but also provides a new perspective for design and processing of","PeriodicalId":72040,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of materials research","volume":"5 9","pages":"1121–1133 1121–1133"},"PeriodicalIF":14.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}