Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Variable Bioproduction with Euglena gracilis: A Function of Light Flux or Carbon Source, Supplements, and Time.","authors":"Dominik Cholewa, Tulsi Wormuth","doi":"10.1007/10_2025_287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2025_287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Euglena gracilis is neither a plant nor an animal. It generates its energy from light and CO₂ purely photoautotrophically or it assimilates a carbon source chemoheterotrophically and transforms its chloroplasts into proplastids resulting in an animal cell structure. E. gracilis is a unicellular protist with a length of about 50 μm and developed by secondary endosymbiosis. For this reason, the chloroplasts have three membranes instead of a double membrane with a positive effect on the lipid content. It has no cell wall and is therefore easily bioavailable to humans. Euglena produces large amounts of vitamin E α-tocopherol and the β-1,3-glucan paramylon in granule form and has a good amount of lipids. Thanks to its contractile vacuole, Euglena is able to grow in a wide pH range from around pH 1-11. Cultivation in the acidic range thus simplifies cultivation on a technical scale under axenic conditions and enhances the solubility of solids and trace elements.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploitation of Biodiversity in Bioeconomy: Examples, Opportunities, and Challenges.","authors":"Alexander Grünberger, Emily Schepp, Selina Lang, Kevin Edward Schulz, Daniel Baron Diaz, Arabi Sivanesapillai, Andreas Diepold, Camilla Stolle, Kersten Rabe, Roland Ulber, Dirk Holtmann","doi":"10.1007/10_2025_288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2025_288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While bioprocesses using Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum, various species of Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, Clostridia, the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris, fungi such as Aspergillus niger, and Chinese hamster ovary cells are well established, the high level of microbial diversity has not yet been exploited industrially. However, the use of alternative organisms has the potential to significantly expand the process window of bioprocesses. These extensions include the use of alternative substrates (e.g., CO₂, syngas, or methane), unusual process conditions (e.g., temperatures, media conditions), or use of microbial diversity itself (e.g., biofilm growth, alternative electron transport systems, product secretion, surface presentation of enzymes). Bringing these hidden champions into application will enable more efficient processes with environmental and ecological benefits. Some of the most promising alternative microorganisms are described and discussed in detail in this book. The aim of this introductory chapter is to provide an overview of additional organisms and cultivation strategies. Finally, it addresses future challenges to bring the organism into technical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotechnological Applications of Cyanobacteria: Synechocystis and Synechococcus Strains.","authors":"Paul Bolay, Jörg Toepel, Bruno Bühler","doi":"10.1007/10_2025_282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2025_282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyanobacteria as phototrophic microorganisms bear great potential for biotechnological application and a truly sustainable bioeconomy. Besides production of biomass and natural compounds, CO₂-based production of diverse value-added compounds with engineered strains enjoys ever-growing interest. Representatives of the genera Synechocystis and Synechococcus are the most used cyanobacterial model organisms for this purpose, with studies ranging from basic research to their utilization as cell factories. For both genera, genetic tools become more and more established, being, however, still far less advanced compared to those available for heterotrophic workhorse strains. Production of CO₂-based compounds, typically established on a proof-of-concept basis, ranges from highly complex products such as pigments, proteins, and hormones to more simple bulk products such as biofuels and commodity chemicals. For some small molecules, e.g., isobutyraldehyde, 2,3-butanediol, L-lactic acid, sucrose, and ethanol, the gram per liter scale has been achieved. The general benefits of cyanobacterial photobiotechnology are the use of light as energy source and the capacity to use CO₂ via photosynthetic carbon fixation. Additionally, the photosynthetic apparatus offers the opportunity to directly utilize electrons derived from photosynthetic water oxidation for redox biotransformations. In this respect, several enzymes have successfully been implemented in cyanobacterial strains, and high specific rates comparable to those achieved with heterotrophs have been reached. Moreover, oxygenic photosynthesis provides an ideal framework to implement oxyfunctionalization reactions also benefitting from the intracellular in situ supply of O₂. This chapter summarizes the recent advances in cyanobacterial biotechnology with a focus on Synechocystis and Synechococcus strains, encompassing both biotransformation reactions and CO₂-based product formation. Additionally, we discuss advantages and limitations of cyanobacterial chassis strains and give perspectives for future research and required measures to establish this unique group of bacteria in industrial biotechnology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum as Novel Production Host for Complex Substances.","authors":"Johann E Kufs, Christin Reimer, Lars Regestein","doi":"10.1007/10_2025_283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2025_283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this chapter, we discuss the necessity of novel chassis organisms for the production of natural products to steer away from petrochemical approaches and the usage of common model organisms. We present the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum as a novel host for the production of complex organic substances and exploration of cryptic biosynthetic routes of secondary metabolites. We shed light on the genetic repertoire of the amoeba in terms of natural product biosyntheses and give an overview of growth characteristics, genetic engineering tools, and cultivation methodologies from shake flasks to stirred-tank bioreactors. Finally, an outlook is made on the perspective of D. discoideum as the chassis for biotechnological production and discovery of novel active substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cable Bacteria and Their Biotechnological Application.","authors":"Judith Stiefelmaier","doi":"10.1007/10_2025_284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2025_284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cable bacteria grow as multicellular filaments several centimetres deep into the sediment of freshwaters and oceans. Hereby, cable bacteria show unique characteristics such as electrogenic sulphur oxidation, extremely high conductivity and ability for CO₂ fixation. This offers several possibilities of future applications in biotechnology with an outlook to sustainable processes. So far, research on cable bacteria is mostly concerning metabolism, electron transfer and effect on the surrounding sediment. Cultures are always performed on sediment from the natural habitat and in simple, small-scale reaction tubes, requiring further development for reproducible cultivation with scale-up capabilities. However, based on the known properties of cable bacteria, possible areas of application can already be derived. The use of cable bacteria in bioremediation is a promising approach, as the degradation of hydrocarbons has already been proven. Co-cultivation with plants could open up a further field of application, such as the described reduction of methane emissions from rice fields. Due to the extremely high conductivity of the filaments, cable bacteria are also very promising for incorporation into biodegradable microelectronics. By integrating electrodes into a suitable reactor system, bioelectrochemical processes could be implemented, either with the goal of electron uptake and product formation or for electricity generation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: The Human Gut Microbiota: A Dynamic Biologic Factory.","authors":"Alireza Minagar, Rabih Jabbour","doi":"10.1007/10_2024_253","DOIUrl":"10.1007/10_2024_253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Human Gut Microbiota: A Dynamic Biologic Factory.","authors":"Alireza Minagar, Rabih Jabbour","doi":"10.1007/10_2023_243","DOIUrl":"10.1007/10_2023_243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human body constitutes a living environment for trillions of microorganisms, which establish the microbiome and, the largest population among them, reside within the gastrointestinal tract, establishing the gut microbiota. The term \"gut microbiota\" refers to a set of many microorganisms [mainly bacteria], which live symbiotically within the human host. The term \"microbiome\" means the collective genomic content of these microorganisms. The number of bacterial cells within the gut microbiota exceeds the host's cells; collectively and their genes quantitatively surpass the host's genes. Immense scientific research into the nature and function of the gut microbiota is unraveling its roles in certain human health activities such as metabolic, physiology, and immune activities and also in pathologic states and diseases. Interestingly, the microbiota, a dynamic ecosystem, inhabits a particular environment such as the human mouth or gut. Human microbiota can evolve and even adapt to the host's unique features such as eating habits, genetic makeup, underlying diseases, and even personalized habits. In the past decade, biologists and bioinformaticians have concentrated their research effort on the potential roles of the gut microbiome in the development of human diseases, particularly immune-mediated diseases and colorectal cancer, and have initiated the assessment of the impact of the gut microbiome on the host genome. In the present chapter, we focus on the biological features of gut microbiota, its physiology as a biological factory, and its impacts on the host's health and disease status.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"91-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139711174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to the Use of Microbial Communities.","authors":"Elias Hakalehto","doi":"10.1007/10_2024_265","DOIUrl":"10.1007/10_2024_265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbes are the third major group of biospheric organisms after plants and animals. They are responsible for many natural circulations, including the rotation of elements. They return organic carbon for plants' use and dissolve minerals into organic cycles. Microbes contribute to the global gas and water balances. In animal digestion, they partake in the degradation and assimilation of nutrients. Typically, they act as communities where some strains are the most active at a given time point in the prevailing conditions. But they also live in a continuous state of succession, which precludes the maintenance of changeable balances. Whether functioning in soil, in our alimentary tract, or elsewhere, the micro-organisms decisively contribute to the restoration of various balances. As the microbiological scale differs significantly from our comprehension, we must nurture our understanding of the microbiome wherever it occurs. For example, one spoonful of yoghurt contains approximately as many bacterial cells as there are humans residing on Earth. Therefore, flexibility and interaction are the most advisable modes of operation in microbial biochemistry and biotechnological applications. As microbes tend to form communities, this modus operandi is worth instigating in our process industries and production technologies. The use of microbial mixed cultures most appropriately corresponds to the natural systems [1]. As biocatalysts in human endeavours of biorefining and bioengineering, they have become the most utilizable and producible kind of microbial components. Cooperation with microbes is a prerequisite for the continuous development of sustainable industries and food and health production. The microbial communities can be used to prevent and clean up pollution. In the process design, the microbiological dynamic balances make the highest productivity, repeatability, controllability, and withstanding of entropy. Although their effects have been familiar to our societies, e.g. in the fermentation of foods, their total capacity remains to be put into service. Hopefully, this book could help turn the next page in the development.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142754528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selenium Removal from Wastewater by Microbial Transformation and Volatilization.","authors":"Tochukwu Ekwonna, Olusegun Akindeju, Brianna Amos, Zhi-Qing Lin","doi":"10.1007/10_2023_242","DOIUrl":"10.1007/10_2023_242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring trace element that is nutritionally essential for humans and animals, but becomes toxic at high concentrations. This laboratory study explored the role of microbes in Se removal from contaminated wastewater via biological transformation and volatilization processes. Microbes could immobilize water-soluble selenate (SeO₄^2-) and selenite (SeO₃^2-) to water-insoluble elemental Se (Se⁰) and transform Se into volatile Se compounds found in the atmosphere. Results of this laboratory study showed that Bacillus cereus, a bacterial strain isolated from wheat straw and biosolid-WTR-sand substrates showed a significant biotransformation ability of reducing selenate and selenite to elemental Se and forming volatile Se organic compounds in wastewater. Overall, microbial Se chemical reduction, methylation, and volatilization are important processes in bioremediation of Se-contaminated wastewater.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"125-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139711172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed Culture Cultivation in Microbial Bioprocesses.","authors":"Manisha Khedkar, Dattatray Bedade, Rekha S Singhal, Sandip B Bankar","doi":"10.1007/10_2023_248","DOIUrl":"10.1007/10_2023_248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mixed culture cultivation is well renowned for industrial applications due to its technological and economic benefits in bioprocess, food processing, and pharmaceutical industries. A mixed consortium encompasses to achieve growth in unsterile conditions, robustness to environmental stresses, perform difficult functions, show better substrate utilization, and increase productivity. Hence, mixed cultures are being valorized currently and has also augmented our understanding of microbial activities in communities. This chapter covers a wide range of discussion on recent improvements in mixed culture cultivation for microbial bioprocessing and multifarious applications in different areas. The history of microbial culture, microbial metabolism in mixed culture, biosynthetic pathway studies, isolation and identification of strains, along with the types of microbial interactions involved during their production and propagation, are meticulously detailed in the current chapter. Besides, parameters for evaluating mixed culture performance, large-scale production, and challenges associated with it are also discussed vividly. Microbial community, characteristics of single and mixed culture fermentation, and microbe-microbe interactions in mixed cultures have been summarized comprehensively. Lastly, various challenges and opportunities in the area of microbial mixed culture that are obligatory to improve the current knowledge of microbial bioprocesses are projected.</p>","PeriodicalId":7198,"journal":{"name":"Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology","volume":" ","pages":"9-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139989003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}