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Magnetic Phase Transitions in FeRh-Based Alloys 铁氢基合金的磁相变
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S002713492570002X
A. S. Komlev
{"title":"Magnetic Phase Transitions in FeRh-Based Alloys","authors":"A. S. Komlev","doi":"10.3103/S002713492570002X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S002713492570002X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study of the first-order magnetic phase transition mechanisms is one of the key challenges in modern physics. The difficulty in identifying these mechanisms arises from the multitude of factors that play a significant role during the phase transition. FeRh-based alloys are among the most typical systems exhibiting a first-order phase transition from the antiferromagnetic to the ferromagnetic state. Despite the fact that the iron–rhodium alloy possesses a relatively simple crystal structure and does not change the symmetry of its crystal lattice during the phase transition, a number of features in the behavior of its physical properties are observed. This review presents present-day information on the influence of various external factors, the effects of crystalline defects, and dimensional characteristics on the static and dynamic properties of FeRh-based alloys.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theoretical Reconstruction of the Parameters of Gas Emitting in the Spectral Lines of the Optical Range of Hydrogen, Helium, and Calcium during the SOL2015-10-01 Flare SOL2015-10-01耀斑期间氢、氦、钙光谱线内气体发射参数的理论重建
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700110
V. A. Maliutin, Yu. A. Kupryakov, K. V. Bychkov, A. B. Gorshkov, O. M. Belova
{"title":"Theoretical Reconstruction of the Parameters of Gas Emitting in the Spectral Lines of the Optical Range of Hydrogen, Helium, and Calcium during the SOL2015-10-01 Flare","authors":"V. A. Maliutin,&nbsp;Yu. A. Kupryakov,&nbsp;K. V. Bychkov,&nbsp;A. B. Gorshkov,&nbsp;O. M. Belova","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700110","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The solar flare SOL2015-10-01 was observed at the Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences using the HSFA-2 horizontal solar research setup. After processing the spectra, the integral radiation fluxes were determined for the H<span>(alpha)</span>, H<span>(beta)</span>, and H<span>(varepsilon)</span> lines of hydrogen, the D3 line of helium, as well as the resonance <span>(lambda=3968)</span> Å and infrared <span>(lambda=8542)</span> Ålines of the CaII ion. The analyzed flare exhibited two characteristic cores, and during processing, the fluxes from each core were determined. Within the framework of the heated gas model, theoretical calculations of plasma parameters were performed, taking into account the physical conditions in the chromosphere, including self-absorption in the spectral lines. The simultaneous analysis of six lines from three atomic systems made it possible to reconstruct the temperature, density, and spatial structure of the emitting gas with high confidence. A strong temperature inhomogeneity in the emitting gas was revealed. The reconstructed theoretical gas concentration values exceed those for prominences by at least an order of magnitude, suggesting the chromospheric nature of the emitting gas.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"152 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rate Coefficients for Vibrationally Inelastic Transitions of the (mathbf{O}boldsymbol{(}{}^{textbf{3}}boldsymbol{P}_{boldsymbol{g}}boldsymbol{)+}mathbf{O}_{mathbf{2}}boldsymbol{(}^{mathbf{3}}{{Sigma}}^{boldsymbol{-}}_{boldsymbol{g}}boldsymbol{,v}boldsymbol{)}) System on the O({}_{mathbf{3}}) Ground Electronic State Potential Energy Surface at 100–1000 K 100 - 1000k 0 ({}_{mathbf{3}})基态势能面上(mathbf{O}boldsymbol{(}{}^{textbf{3}}boldsymbol{P}_{boldsymbol{g}}boldsymbol{)+}mathbf{O}_{mathbf{2}}boldsymbol{(}^{mathbf{3}}{{Sigma}}^{boldsymbol{-}}_{boldsymbol{g}}boldsymbol{,v}boldsymbol{)})系统振动非弹性跃迁的速率系数
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700109
A. Kurnosov, A. Kropotkin, A. Chukalovsky, A. T. Rakhimov, T. Rakhimova, G. G. Balint-Kurti, A. Palov
{"title":"Rate Coefficients for Vibrationally Inelastic Transitions of the (mathbf{O}boldsymbol{(}{}^{textbf{3}}boldsymbol{P}_{boldsymbol{g}}boldsymbol{)+}mathbf{O}_{mathbf{2}}boldsymbol{(}^{mathbf{3}}{{Sigma}}^{boldsymbol{-}}_{boldsymbol{g}}boldsymbol{,v}boldsymbol{)}) System on the O({}_{mathbf{3}}) Ground Electronic State Potential Energy Surface at 100–1000 K","authors":"A. Kurnosov,&nbsp;A. Kropotkin,&nbsp;A. Chukalovsky,&nbsp;A. T. Rakhimov,&nbsp;T. Rakhimova,&nbsp;G. G. Balint-Kurti,&nbsp;A. Palov","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700109","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The <span>(vrightarrow v^{prime})</span> rate coefficients for the vibrationally inelastic collisions of O atoms with O<span>({}_{2})</span> molecules are presented for vibrational quantum numbers <span>(v)</span> from 0 to 8 and temperatures from 100 K to 1000 K. The rate coefficients were computed theoretically using an ab initio <span>(mathrm{O}+mathrm{O}_{2})</span> interaction potential for the ground state of O<span>({}_{3})</span>. The rate constants obtained are compared with available results of quasi-classical calculations. The coefficients calculated are required in the modelling of many industrial processes such as plasma etching, surface treatment, plasma sterilization, and medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"141 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theory of Grazing Incidence X-Ray Scattering by Nanocomposite Structures 纳米复合结构的掠入射x射线散射理论
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700171
O. Yu. Yurakova, R. A. Baulin, M. A. Andreeva
{"title":"Theory of Grazing Incidence X-Ray Scattering by Nanocomposite Structures","authors":"O. Yu. Yurakova,&nbsp;R. A. Baulin,&nbsp;M. A. Andreeva","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700171","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700171","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The formula describing the scattering from a one-dimensional paracrystals (<i>Hosemann R.</i>, Zeitschrift für Physik. <b>128</b>, 465 (1950)) has been generalized for the case of X-ray scattering from a radial paracrystals in grazing geometry (GISAXS—grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering), taking into account the refraction and attenuation of radiation in the reflecting and scattering media. The formula is applicable for the description of GISAXS scattering maps on nanocomposite quasi-amorphous structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"127 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On Compton Ionization of Positronium by Twisted Photons 扭曲光子对正电子的康普顿电离
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700055
K. A. Bornikov, I. P. Volobuev, Yu. V. Popov
{"title":"On Compton Ionization of Positronium by Twisted Photons","authors":"K. A. Bornikov,&nbsp;I. P. Volobuev,&nbsp;Yu. V. Popov","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700055","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The process of Compton decay of positronium by a twisted photon is considered within the <span>(A^{2})</span> approximation. In the case of a Bessel cylindrical wave, the matrix element of such a process is closely related to a similar matrix element for a plane electromagnetic wave. Taking into account the momentum conservation law and within the framework of standard scattering theory, it is shown that in the expression for the probability of this process, virtually all key characteristics of the cylindrical wave of a twisted photon are lost. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the differential probability of positronium decay by a twisted photon equals the probability of decay by a plane wave photon with a certain momentum moving at a certain angle to the <span>(z)</span>-axis, averaged over the azimuthal angle of the incident photon.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"76 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Localized Electronic States of Graphene on a Substrate with a Terrace-Stepped Structure 阶梯结构衬底上石墨烯的局域电子态
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700092
G. A. Krasukov, O. V. Pavlovsky
{"title":"Localized Electronic States of Graphene on a Substrate with a Terrace-Stepped Structure","authors":"G. A. Krasukov,&nbsp;O. V. Pavlovsky","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700092","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The localized fermionic states arising in an effective field theory model of graphene on the substrate generating a spatially inhomogeneous mass gap were studied. It was shown that in the case of terrace-stepped structure of the substrate inhomogeneity in which the chiral mass has the opposite sign on different terraces, both massless and massive fermionic states are generated. The mass spectrum of such states depends on the size of the mass gap generated by the substrate, as well as the width of the terraces, the number of terraces in the substrate structure, and the width of the transition step.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"50 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modelling the Depth Sensitivity of a Setup for Rapid Measurement of Carbon Concentrations in Soil 土壤中碳浓度快速测量装置的深度灵敏度模拟
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700195
A. V. Andreev, N. A. Fedorov, T. Yu. Tretyakova, Yu. N. Kopatch, D. N. Grozdanov, I. N. Ruskov
{"title":"Modelling the Depth Sensitivity of a Setup for Rapid Measurement of Carbon Concentrations in Soil","authors":"A. V. Andreev,&nbsp;N. A. Fedorov,&nbsp;T. Yu. Tretyakova,&nbsp;Yu. N. Kopatch,&nbsp;D. N. Grozdanov,&nbsp;I. N. Ruskov","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700195","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700195","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The tagged neutron method is widely used for position sensitive elemental analysis of various substances and materials. One of the promising applications of this method is the rapid determination of carbon content in soil. The use of portable tagged neutron generators makes it possible to carry out field measurements without preliminary preparation of the samples under study. This article is devoted to the analysis of the possibility of using this method to measure depth profiles of carbon concentration in soil. A setup consisting of a tagged neutron generator ING-27 and 20 BGO-based <span>(gamma)</span>-ray detectors was simulated using GEANT4 and the sensitivity of the method to different layers with various carbon concentration was determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"85 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robustness of Radiotherapy Plans to Geometric Uncertainties in Irradiating Patients with High-Density Prostheses 高密度假体放射治疗方案对几何不确定性的鲁棒性
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700067
A. P. Zharkova, D. A. Tovmasian, A. P. Chernyaev, A. V. Nechesnyuk, S. M. Varzar, A. A. Loginova
{"title":"Robustness of Radiotherapy Plans to Geometric Uncertainties in Irradiating Patients with High-Density Prostheses","authors":"A. P. Zharkova,&nbsp;D. A. Tovmasian,&nbsp;A. P. Chernyaev,&nbsp;A. V. Nechesnyuk,&nbsp;S. M. Varzar,&nbsp;A. A. Loginova","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700067","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The concept of introducing additional target margins has proven effective in photon radiotherapy and, therefore, is a widely accepted method for ensuring the required dose distribution during planning. However, due to the specific interactions of photon radiation with matter in cases of significant tissue heterogeneity, radiotherapy planning necessitates assessing the robustness of the plan or developing a plan resilient to existing dose delivery uncertainties. This study tested the robustness of radiotherapy plans to geometric uncertainties using two irradiation technologies: CRT (conformal radiation therapy) and IMRT (intensity-modulated radiation therapy). A total of 15 patient plans with metallic prostheses were analyzed. The patient’s position relative to the isocenter of the irradiation beams was geometrically shifted to simulate potential patient setup errors. Data on actual displacements obtained during pretreatment visualization—approximately 25 000 treatment fractions for patients with various tumor localizations—were analyzed. According to the results of the study, the probability of not achieving the required dose distribution for the clinical target volume is no more than <span>(0.04pm 0.03%)</span> when using the CRT technique and no more than <span>(7pm 4%)</span> when using IMRT. Thus, the CRT plans demonstrated greater robustness with respect to the target compared to IMRT plans. When IMRT techniques are required for treating patients with prostheses, increased attention must be paid to the patient’s setup and plan robustness verification.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"145 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical Simulation of Retrograde Condensation of Binary Hydrocarbon Mixtures Using Direct Energy Minimization 二元烃混合物逆行缩聚的直接能量最小化数值模拟
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700079
A. V. Isaeva
{"title":"Numerical Simulation of Retrograde Condensation of Binary Hydrocarbon Mixtures Using Direct Energy Minimization","authors":"A. V. Isaeva","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700079","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, retrograde condensation is considered using binary mixtures of hydrocarbons as an example. The feasibility of numerical simulation of this phenomenon using the direct energy minimization is demonstrated. To verify the calculations, similar simulations are performed using the ‘‘classical’’ iterative algorithm for calculating vapor–liquid equilibria in hydrocarbon mixtures. A comparison of the simulation results with the data of physical experiments confirms the prospects of using the direct energy minimization method for phase transition calculations in hydrocarbon mixtures.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"174 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Periodic Inner Transition Layers in the Reaction–Diffusion Problem in the Case of Weak Reaction Discontinuity 弱反应不连续情况下反应扩散问题的周期内过渡层
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Moscow University Physics Bulletin Pub Date : 2025-05-11 DOI: 10.3103/S0027134925700146
E. I. Nikulin, V. T. Volkov, D. A. Karmanov
{"title":"Periodic Inner Transition Layers in the Reaction–Diffusion Problem in the Case of Weak Reaction Discontinuity","authors":"E. I. Nikulin,&nbsp;V. T. Volkov,&nbsp;D. A. Karmanov","doi":"10.3103/S0027134925700146","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0027134925700146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For a singularly perturbed reaction–diffusion equation with periodic coefficients, the structure of the inner transition layer in the case of a balanced reaction with a weak discontinuity is investigated. The existence of periodic solutions with an inner transition layers is proven, their stability is analyzed, and asymptotic approximations of solutions of this type are obtained. It is demonstrated that in the case of reaction balance, the presence of even a weak (asymptotically small) reaction discontinuity can lead to the formation of several periodic contrast structures of finite size, both stable and unstable.</p>","PeriodicalId":711,"journal":{"name":"Moscow University Physics Bulletin","volume":"80 1","pages":"66 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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