Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica最新文献_第8页

KPC-2 and VIM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST39 high-risk clone isolated from a clinical sample in Volos, Greece. 从希腊沃洛斯的一份临床样本中分离出的产生 KPC-2 和 VIM-1 的肺炎克雷伯氏菌 ST39 高危克隆。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02226

Maria Chatzidimitriou, Pandora Tsolakidou, Chatzivasileiou Panagiota, Eleni Mylona, Stella Mitka

{"title":"KPC-2 and VIM-1 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST39 high-risk clone isolated from a clinical sample in Volos, Greece.","authors":"Maria Chatzidimitriou, Pandora Tsolakidou, Chatzivasileiou Panagiota, Eleni Mylona, Stella Mitka","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02226","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02226","url":null,"abstract":"Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major human pathogen, because it causes both community- and hospital-acquired infections. Several multidrug-resistant high-risk clones of K. pneumoniae have been reported worldwide, and these are responsible for high numbers of difficult-to-treat infections. In Greece, a K. pneumoniae ST39 high-risk clone was detected in 2019 in a survey of carbapenem- and/or colistin-resistant Enterobacteriacae. The present study included nine carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates collected during a retrospective analysis from October 2020 to December 2020. They were isolated from nine different patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital in Volos, Greece, and they were selected for analysis due to their phenotypic profile. In this study, we analyzed A165 strain K. pneumoniae ST39 isolated from a blood culture in November 2020. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed using Ion Torrent Platform, and resistance genes, virulence determinants, capsular types, insertion sequences, phage regions, and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) regions were detected by bioinformatic analysis. The molecular characterization revealed antimicrobial resistance genes, including sul2 for sulfamethoxazole; dfrA1 for trimethoprim; blaVIM-1 and blaKPC-2 for carbapenems; aac(6')-II for aminoglycosides; fosA for fosfomycin and aad1 for streptomycin, blaSHV-40, blaSHV-85, blaSHV-79, blaSHV-56, and blaSHV-89 for beta-lactams. Point mutations were identified in ompK36, and ompK37 and in acrR, gyrA, parC. Several replicons were found, including CoIRNA, IncC, IncFIB(K), IncFIB(pQiL), and IncFII(K). The capsular typing revealed that the strain was KL23, O2afg. The genome sequence of A165 was submitted to NCBI under PRJNA1074377 and have been assigned to Genbank accession number JAZIBV000000000.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"43-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140048528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Balkans: Clonal distribution and associated resistance determinants. 巴尔干地区耐碳青霉烯类肺炎克雷伯氏菌：克隆分布及相关耐药性决定因素。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02230

Maria Chatzidimitriou, Asimoula Kavvada, Dimitrios Kavvadas, Maria Anna Kyriazidi, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Sotirios Varlamis, Vassilis Papaliagkas, Stella Mitka

{"title":"Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Balkans: Clonal distribution and associated resistance determinants.","authors":"Maria Chatzidimitriou, Asimoula Kavvada, Dimitrios Kavvadas, Maria Anna Kyriazidi, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Sotirios Varlamis, Vassilis Papaliagkas, Stella Mitka","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02230","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02230","url":null,"abstract":"Carbapenems are considered to be among the last line antibiotics against extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has been frequently reported and its spread in Europe is indisputable and poses an enormous threat to hospitalized patients which is of growing concern. This review aims to record prevalence of CRKP in the Balkan region and to review the current knowledge about this life-threatening pathogen. In this review, we summarize data about clinical isolates of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae from Greece, Croatia, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Slovenia, Montenegro, Bosnia-Herzegovina and Albania from published reports between 2000 and 2023. Among Balkan countries, Greece and Romania are the ones with the most reports about CRKP. Since 2007, KPCs are the dominant carbapenemases in both countries. KPC-2 and NDM-1-producing K. pneumoniae strains have been identified as the most frequent CRKP in Croatia, Bulgaria, Serbia, and Slovenia. OXA-48 enzyme has been identified in most Balkan countries. In addition, since 2018, CRKP sequence type 11 (ST11) seems to have replaced ST258 in Balkan Peninsula, while ST15 continues to thrive throughout the years. Not only efficacy of colistin against CRKP has decreased dramatically during the last ten years but colistin resistance mechanism is based on alterations of chromosomal mgrB gene, rather than the already known mcr genes.Moreover, ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant CRKP were detected mostly in Greece. Emergence of CRKP poses a severe threat to the Balkan countries. Due to the narrow therapeutic window, it is essential to prevent the spread of multiresistant K. pneumoniae strains.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"10-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139911792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High rates of intestinal colonization with carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. 造血干细胞移植受者肠道中产碳青霉烯酶肠杆菌科细菌的高定植率。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02210

Ikram Ayari, Yosra Chebbi, Anis Raddaoui, Dorra Belloumi, Siwar Frigui, Rim Werhni, Tarek Ben Othmen, Nour Abedejlil, Wafa Achour

{"title":"High rates of intestinal colonization with carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.","authors":"Ikram Ayari, Yosra Chebbi, Anis Raddaoui, Dorra Belloumi, Siwar Frigui, Rim Werhni, Tarek Ben Othmen, Nour Abedejlil, Wafa Achour","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02210","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02210","url":null,"abstract":"Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are major human pathogens because, these cause high number of difficult-to-treat infections. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) recipients are highly exposed to these type of bacteria. The aim of our study was to investigate prevalence of CRE colonization in AHSCT patients and to determine genes encoding carbapenem resistance. A retrospective study conducted between January 2015 and December 2019, involved 55 patients colonized with CRE strains. We determined the rate of antibiotic resistance according to European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and the carbapenem resistance genes by PCR assays for genes encoding most frequent β-lactamases namely, blaGES, blaKPC, blaIMI, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaIMP and blaOXA-48. Eighty-one episodes of CRE colonization were recorded in 55 patients, mainly suffering from acute leukaemia (30%) and aplastic anemia (26%). History of hospitalization was noted in 80 episodes. Prior antibiotic treatment, severe neutropenia and corticosteroid therapy were respectively found in 94%, 76% and 58% of cases. Among the 55 patients, six patients (11%) developed a CRE infection. The CRE responsible for colonization were carbapenemase producers in 90% of cases. They belonged mostly to Klebsiella pneumoniae (61/81) and Escherichia coli species (10/81). Antibiotic resistance rates were 100% for ertapenem, 53% for imipenem, 42% for amikacin, 88% for ciprofloxacin and 27% for fosfomycin. Molecular study showed that blaOXA-48 gene was the most frequent (60.5%), followed by blaNDM (58%). Thirty-five (43%) strains were co-producers of carbapenemases. In our study, we report a high rate of CRE intestinal colonization in AHSCT recipients of our center.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139911793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatric tuberculosis in Mexico and the COVID-19 phenomenon: Past and present. 墨西哥小儿结核病与 COVID-19 现象：过去与现在。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-02-15 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02212

Liliana Rivera-Espinosa, Chaak Castellanos-Carrizal, Sergio Montes

{"title":"Pediatric tuberculosis in Mexico and the COVID-19 phenomenon: Past and present.","authors":"Liliana Rivera-Espinosa, Chaak Castellanos-Carrizal, Sergio Montes","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02212","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02212","url":null,"abstract":"In endemic regions, tuberculosis in children constitutes a bigger fraction of total cases as compared to those in low endemic regions, regardless of the implications, this phenomenon has been historically neglected. Pediatric tuberculosis has an insidious onset and quickly develops into disseminated disease and the young are at a special risk for dissemination. Some studies suggest that measures to contain adult tuberculosis are not enough to manage tuberculosis in children, meaning that pediatric tuberculosis needs dedicated attention. Children are harder to diagnose than adults, because collecting samples is difficult, and their bacterial yield is low. In endemic countries, such as Mexico, where contact with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is common, immunological tests are inconsistent, especially in immunocompromised children. With the disruption of Mexican healthcare services by the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an uncertainty of how the situation has evolved, current data about tuberculosis indicates a drop in the national report of cases: 15.4 per 100,000 persons in 2021, compared with pre-COVID 2019 17.7 per 100,000 persons, a small increase in mortality: 1.7 per 100,000 in 2021 compared with 2019 1.6 per 100,000, a drop in treatment success: 80.4% in 2021 compared with 85.4% in 2019, and a decrease in national vaccination rates: an estimate of 86.6% children between 1 and 2 years-old were vaccinated in 2021 compared with 97.3% reported national rate in 2018-2019. There is a need for new research on regions with high tuberculosis incidence, to clarify the current situation of pediatric tuberculosis and improve epidemiological surveillance.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139734195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial enteropathogens in Crete, Greece, during 2011-2022. 2011-2022 年间希腊克里特岛细菌性肠道病原体的流行率和抗菌药耐药性。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02214

Sofia Maraki, Viktoria Eirini Mavromanolaki, Dimitra Stafylaki, Evangelia Iliaki-Giannakoudaki, Anna Kasimati

{"title":"Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial enteropathogens in Crete, Greece, during 2011-2022.","authors":"Sofia Maraki, Viktoria Eirini Mavromanolaki, Dimitra Stafylaki, Evangelia Iliaki-Giannakoudaki, Anna Kasimati","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02214","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02214","url":null,"abstract":"Diarrheal diseases are of great concern worldwide and are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the epidemiology and the antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial enteropathogens among diarrheal patients of all ages in Crete, Greece during 2011-2022. Stool specimens were tested by conventional cultural methods for Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (EPEC, STEC), Yersinia enterocolitica, Aeromonas species and Clostridioides difficile. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method for Enterobacterales, Campylobacter and Aeromonas, and by the gradient diffusion method for C. difficile. Of the 26,060 stool samples from patients of any age, 1,022 (3.9%) were positive for bacterial enteropathogens. Campylobacter spp. were the most commonly isolated bacteria (56.4%), followed by Salmonella enterica (32.3%), and E. coli (EPEC, STEC) (6.5%). Toxigenic C. difficile was isolated from 341 out of 8,848 diarrheal specimens examined (3.9%). Resistance to ampicillin was observed in 12.4% of Salmonella, 66.7% of Shigella and 34.8% of E. coli (EPEC, STEC) isolates. Resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was observed in 5.8% of Salmonella, 33.3% of Shigella, and 15.1% of E. coli (EPEC, STEC) isolates. High rates of ciprofloxacin resistance (77.3%) were detected among Campylobacter isolates, while resistance to erythromycin was observed in 2.4% of them. All C. difficile isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and metronidazole. Our findings suggest declining trends in prevalence of bacterial enteropathogens, except for Campylobacter spp. and changes in the susceptibility rates to antimicrobials. Continuous surveillance of prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial enteropathogens is mandatory for implementing targeted and effective prevention and infection control measures.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigations of carbapenem resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae. 对碳青霉烯耐药和高病毒性肺炎克雷伯氏菌的研究。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02207

El Mehdi Belouad, Elmostafa Benaissa, Nadia El Mrimar, Yassine Eddair, Adil Maleb, Mostafa Elouennass

{"title":"Investigations of carbapenem resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae.","authors":"El Mehdi Belouad, Elmostafa Benaissa, Nadia El Mrimar, Yassine Eddair, Adil Maleb, Mostafa Elouennass","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02207","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02207","url":null,"abstract":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging pathogen that has gained attention due to its increased ability to cause infections even in healthy individuals. The aim of this study is to investigate virulence factors in K. pneumoniae strains isolated from clinical specimens and their association with carbapenem resistance. The study was conducted on 260 isolates identified between 2018 and 2023 at the Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital in Rabat, Morocco. The isolates were categorized based on their susceptibility to antibiotics. The hypermucoviscosity was determined by a string test, while the presence of capsular serotypes and virulence genes were identified by PCR. Among our strains, 6.2% (n = 16) exhibited hypervirulent characteristics, 56% were resistant to carbapenem. Notably, 5.7% (n = 6) of carbapenem-resistant isolates expressed the hypermucoviscous phenotype, while 1.5% (n = 2) of carbapenem-susceptible K. pneumoniae isolates exhibited the same trait. In our study, we found that a total of 10 isolates (3.8%) had virulent capsular serotypes, with K2 being the most prevalent 40% (n = 4) and K20 in 30% (n = 3). Furthermore, we detected the presence of the Aerobactin gene in 1.5% (n = 4) of the isolates examined. Based on our findings, it appears that there was no correlation between the presence of virulence factors and carbapenem resistance. In conclusion, identifying hypervirulent K. pneumoniae in clinical specimens and assessing their antibiotic resistance profiles are crucial to ensure effective therapy and to prevent outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"52-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139574959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibiotic resistance and genomic characterization of Mycobacterium abscessus complex isolates from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Iran: A multi-center study (2010-2021). 伊朗肺结核患者脓肿分枝杆菌复合体的抗生素耐药性和基因组特征：一项多中心研究（2010-2021 年）。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02169

Mohammad Hashemzadeh, Aram Asareh Zadegan Dezfuli, AzarDokht Khosravi, Nazanin Ahmad Khosravi, Morteza Saki

{"title":"Antibiotic resistance and genomic characterization of Mycobacterium abscessus complex isolates from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Iran: A multi-center study (2010-2021).","authors":"Mohammad Hashemzadeh, Aram Asareh Zadegan Dezfuli, AzarDokht Khosravi, Nazanin Ahmad Khosravi, Morteza Saki","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02169","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02169","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred and eighteen sputum specimens suspected of Mycobacterium abscessus infection were collected. Species level identification of M. abscessus was performed by rpoB sequencing. Clonality analysis was done by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) for M. abscessus. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed for clarithromycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Altogether 128 isolates were obtained and were subjected to rpoB gene sequencing for definite identification. Among them 59 were identified as M. abscessus, and these included 22 (37.28%) isolates of M. abscessus subsp. abscessus, 22 (37.28%) isolates of M. abscessus subsp. massiliense, and 15 (25.42%) isolates of M. abscessus subsp. bolletii. All 59 M. abscessus complex isolates were analyzed by MLST in this study. Certain sequence types (STs) were identified among the 59 isolates and were specific for each subspecies. Two STs (ST40 and ST33) were specific to M. abscessus subsp. abscessus, one ST (ST20) was specific to M. abscessus subsp. bolletii, and one ST (ST15) was specific to M. abscessus subsp. massiliense. In antibiotic resistance, clarithromycin susceptibility testing of 22 M. abscessus subsp. abscessus strains detected 15 (68.18%) resistant strains, while among 22 M. abscessus subsp. massiliense strains 5 (22.72%) exhibited resistance, and among 15 M. abscessus subsp. bolletii 8 (53.33%) were resistant. Our study revealed a significant level of antibiotic resistance in isolates of the M. abscessus complex.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"82-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139569440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outbreak caused by pandrug-resistant blaOXA-69/blaOXA-23/blaGES harboring Acinetobacter baumannii ST2 in an intensive care unit. 耐潘生菌 blaOXA-69/blaOXA-23/blaGES 感染鲍曼不动杆菌 ST2 在重症监护病房爆发。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02202

Anis Raddaoui, Aymen Mabrouk, Yosra Chebbi, Siwar Frigui, Nazek Al-Gallas, Mohamed Salah Abbassi, Wafa Achour

{"title":"Outbreak caused by pandrug-resistant blaOXA-69/blaOXA-23/blaGES harboring Acinetobacter baumannii ST2 in an intensive care unit.","authors":"Anis Raddaoui, Aymen Mabrouk, Yosra Chebbi, Siwar Frigui, Nazek Al-Gallas, Mohamed Salah Abbassi, Wafa Achour","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02202","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02202","url":null,"abstract":"Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as a main nosocomial pathogen exhibiting high rates of resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics. Six pandrug-resistant A. baumannii (PDR-A. baumannii) were recovered from three patients in a Tunisian Intensive Care Unit (ICU) between 10th and 16th of May 2018 resulting in one fatal case and raising the possibility of an outbreak. On 18th of May environmental screening of ICU surfaces was carried out. On 22nd of May a fourth patient was infected with PDR-A. baumannii and died. A second investigation was carried out for environmental screening and PDR-A. baumannii was isolated from the respirator. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to EUCAST (2019) guidelines. MIC of colistin was determined by broth microdilution method. PCR was used to detect 14 beta-lactamases/carbapenemases and mcr (mcr-1 to mcr-5) genes. The genetic relatedness of PDR-A. baumannii isolates was determined by PFGE and MLST. Seven PDR-A. baumannii isolates were recovered from four patients, one MDR strain from wash basin, a PDR strain from hand sanitizer bottle and another PDR strain from respirator. All PDR-A. baumannii (n = 9) harbored blaOXA-69 gene and none carried mcr. Moreover, seven carried blaGES and blaOXA-23 genes. PFGE identified four pulsotypes (A, B, C, and D) with the pulsotype A gathering seven PDR-A. baumannii isolates: six from three patients and one from hygiene sample. MLST revealed that all PDR-A. baumannii isolates of pulsotype A belonged to the pandemic clone ST2. Systematic screening of MDR and PDR-A. baumannii is highly recommended to limit dissemination of such strains in ICUs.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139569485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First detection of a cefiderocol-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate in Bulgaria. 保加利亚首次发现耐头孢球蛋白和广泛耐药的鲍曼不动杆菌临床分离株。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Print Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1556/030.2024.02201

Tanya Strateva, Slavil Peykov

{"title":"First detection of a cefiderocol-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolate in Bulgaria.","authors":"Tanya Strateva, Slavil Peykov","doi":"10.1556/030.2024.02201","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2024.02201","url":null,"abstract":"Cefiderocol (CFDC) is a first-in-class siderophore cephalosporin with potent activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria including carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The present study aimed to explore the CFDC resistance mechanisms of an extensively drug-resistant A. baumannii isolate from Bulgaria. The A. baumannii Aba52 strain (designated Aba52) was obtained in 2018 from a blood sample of a critically ill patient. The methodology included antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), multilocus sequence typing, and phylogenomic analysis. The isolate demonstrated high-level resistance to CFDC (MIC = 64 mg L-1), resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and tigecycline, as well as susceptibility only to colistin. WGS-based resistome analysis revealed the existence of blaOXA-23, blaOXA-66 and blaADC-73. Seven non-conservative missense mutations affecting iron transport-related genes were detected: exbD4 (p.Ser61Pro), tonB2 (p.Ala268Val), bauA (p.Thr61Ala), ftsI (p.Ala515Val), piuA (p.Gly216Val), and feoB (p.Ser429Pro and p.Thr595Ala). A variety of virulence factors associated with adherence, biofilm formation, enzyme production, immune invasion, iron uptake, quorum sensing, and two-component regulatory systems were identified, suggesting a significant pathogenic potential of Aba52. The performed RT-qPCR analysis showed diminished (0.17) and absent expression of the pirA and piuA genes, respectively, encoding TonB-dependent siderophore receptors. Aba52 belonged to the widespread high-risk sequence type ST2 (Pasteur scheme). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of CFDC-resistant A. baumannii in Bulgaria even though, CFDC has never been applied in our country. The emerging resistance highlights the crucial need for nationwide surveillance targeting the implementation of novel antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"25-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139519214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae: An update on epidemiology, detection and antibiotic resistance. 高致病性肺炎克雷伯菌:流行病学、检测和抗生素耐药性的最新进展。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica Pub Date : 2023-12-04 Print Date: 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1556/030.2023.02186

Béla Kocsis

{"title":"Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae: An update on epidemiology, detection and antibiotic resistance.","authors":"Béla Kocsis","doi":"10.1556/030.2023.02186","DOIUrl":"10.1556/030.2023.02186","url":null,"abstract":"Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major human pathogen as it is responsible for various infections. In the past years hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKP) emerged and disseminated worldwide. In this review a summary will be given about epidemiology, detection and antibiotic resistance of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae. A common feature of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae is a combined expression of several virulence factors. A mucoviscosus phenotype, certain capsulare serotypes (e.g.: K1, K2, K28, K47, K63) together with additional genetic markers namely, magA, rmpA or iucABCD, are needed in combinations to achieve the hypervirulent pathotype. Plasmid coded virulence determinants are also detected, that indicates horizontal gene transfer of hypervirulence factors in K. pneumoniae.Interestingly, infections caused by hypervirulent K. pneumoniae occur usually in the community in otherwise healthy people, and during these infections multiple infection sites are detected. Clinical pictures include both invasive infections and local abscess formation. Pyogenic liver abscess is the most frequently reported clinical manifestation and abscess formation in brain, spleen and lung are also diagnosed. Additionally, meningitis, endophthalmitis, trombophlebitis, pneumonia can also develop.In the early reports, hypervirulent K. pneumoniae strains exhibited enhanced virulence but these were susceptible to commonly used antibiotics. However, recently KPC, VIM, NDM and OXA-48 carbapenemase producing hypervirulent K. pneumoniae strains are increasingly reported, furthermore, well-known high-risk K. pneumoniae clones (e.g.: ST11, ST147, ST307) can develop hypervirulent pathotype, that poses an even more alarming challenge.","PeriodicalId":7119,"journal":{"name":"Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica","volume":" ","pages":"278-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138476542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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