{"title":"Artificial neural network based stamping process design for three-point bending","authors":"Thamer Sami Alhalaybeh, Yilihaer Muhamaiti \u0000 (, ), Hongchun Shang \u0000 (, ), Liucheng Zhou \u0000 (, ), Xiaoqing Liang \u0000 (, ), Yanshan Lou \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24895-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24895-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research encompasses three-point bending based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) for a simple accurate process design. Uniaxial tensile tests are carried out for 22 steel and aluminum sheet metals with different thicknesses to characterize their mechanical properties, such as the Young’s modulus, yield stress, strength, strain hardening, etc. Approximately 20–30 three-point bending tests are conducted for each sheet metal with different gaps and punch strokes to obtain different bending angles before and after spring-back ranging from 60° to 165°. The angles after spring-back are modeled by an ANN as the output. The inputs for the ANN model include the mechanical properties obtained from uniaxial tensile tests, as well as gap and punch stroke used in three-point bending. The angles after spring-back predicted by the ANN model trained by 22 materials are compared with experimental results to evaluate its performance. The comparison shows that the trained ANN model can precisely predict the angle after spring-back with a maximum error of less than 3.7%. The trained ANN model is also tested for unseen gap and stroke, to design the processing parameters in three-point bending of advanced high-strength steel (DP980) and an aluminum alloy (AA6K21-T4). The application demonstrates that the trained ANN model can design the process parameters with high accuracy even for unseen data. This study shows that the ANN model is strongly suggested to be used in process and tool design/optimization of metal forming processes to achieve high accuracy and generalizability.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandro Peña-Trabalon, Maria Prado-Novoa, Luisa de Roy, Andreas M. Seitz, Salvador Moreno-Vegas, M. Belen Estebanez Campos, Ana Perez-Blanca
{"title":"Impact of applying traction in indentation tests for estimating axial compressive parameters for computational modeling of sutured meniscal horns","authors":"Alejandro Peña-Trabalon, Maria Prado-Novoa, Luisa de Roy, Andreas M. Seitz, Salvador Moreno-Vegas, M. Belen Estebanez Campos, Ana Perez-Blanca","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24717-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24717-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Currently, knee models often use meniscal horn material models based on pure compression indentation tests. The tissue has circumferential fibrils to withstand traction from the meniscal roots, besides tibiofemoral compression. This study explores whether incorporating fiber-directional traction in indentations improves meniscal horn modeling. To our knowledge, this is the first such analysis on fibril-reinforced biological tissue. Twenty-seven sutured human meniscal horns (65 ± 6 years old; 17 female, 10 male) were indented at 7 points each and subjected to 3 traction levels: unloaded, 10 and 20 N. Eighty-four FE models of one specimen simulated the 7 indentations under the 3 tensile levels, applying 4 different material models strategies derived from indentation outcomes of specific specimen unloaded, specific specimen at maximum traction, mean of 27 specimens unloaded and mean of 27 specimens at maximum traction. Indentations showed increases for both traction levels from the unloaded state in maximum force (<i>p</i> = 0.02 for 10 N; <i>p</i> = 0.007 for 20 N), instantaneous modulus (<i>p</i> = 0.002 for 10 N; <i>p</i> < 0.001 for 20 N) and relaxation modulus (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for 10 and 20 N). No differences were found between the loaded levels. FE models using properties from indentation tests under traction conditions similar to the simulated one provided more accurate predictions, being more precise when using specimen-specific data. Therefore, indentation outcomes of sutured meniscal horns are affected by fiber-directional traction. Simulations of combined stress states with axial compression and circumferential traction, over the toe-zone of the fiber-direction traction load-deformation curve, as occurs physiologically, are more accurate using material properties from traction-included rather than pure compression indentation tests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145142367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Higher-order topological states and magnetic field control in elastic metamaterials","authors":"Yuqi Tang \u0000 (, ), Weijian Zhou \u0000 (, ), Yangwei Mai \u0000 (, ), Yingjie Chen \u0000 (, ), Zheng Zhong \u0000 (, ), Weiqiu Chen \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s10409-024-24537-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-024-24537-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, the concept of higher-order topological insulators has aroused widespread attention and research interest. However, current studies have predominantly focused on the domain of acoustic waves. Compared to acoustic waves, elastic waves are vector waves, making their study more complex and challenging. Therefore, achieving higher-order topological states in elastic waves holds significant research value. In this paper, we proposed the design of an intelligent topological metamaterial, which is composed of magneto-rheological thin layers and an elastic substrate. First, by adjusting the topological structure, we successfully excited first-order topological states of Lamb waves in numerical simulations. Subsequently, we constructed a two-dimensional topological structure to excite zero-order topological corner states. Given the unique advantages of magnetic fields in regulating material properties and behaviors, we investigated the effects of magnetic fields as an external control mechanism on Lamb waves in magneto-rheological materials. Our analysis focused on the regulation of Lamb wave topological edge states and corner states via magnetic fields. The results demonstrate that by varying the magnetic field strength, we can precisely control the characteristics of the topological states. Magnetic field modulation of the topological states in Lamb waves enables the realization of non-contact, controllable phononic devices, which is of great significance for the development of topological acoustics.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145161871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thu Huong Nguyen Thi, Van Ke Tran, Pham Hoang Tu, Pham Hong Thao
{"title":"Finite element method for transient response of viscoelastic multi-directional FGP skew-nanoplate resting on visco-Pasternak foundation taking into account surface effect using nonlocal strain gradient theory","authors":"Thu Huong Nguyen Thi, Van Ke Tran, Pham Hoang Tu, Pham Hong Thao","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24824-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24824-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The finite element approach is used for the first time to simulate and examine the free oscillation and transient response of a visco-elastic multi-directional functionally graded porous (MFGP) skew-nanoplate, taking into account surface effects using nonlocal strain gradient hypothesis. The mechanical characteristics of the materials vary in all three directions of length, width, and thickness of the plate according to the exponential law. Additionally, it has viscoelastic behavior according to the Kelvin-Voigt model. The novelty of this paper lies in the incorporation of the spatial variability of nonlocal and length-scale factors as additional mechanical characteristics of the material. The overall equation of motion for the plate is derived by including the classical plate hypothesis and Hamilton’s principle. A quadrilateral plate element with four nodes and six degrees of freedom is created using a non-conforming <i>C</i><sup>2</sup>-level Hermitian function. This function offers precise results and rapid convergence for various forms and boundary conditions (BCs) that low-order elements cannot accomplish. The Newmark-beta direct integration technique is used to calculate the transient responses of the visco-elastic MFGP skew-nanoplate under various BCs. Furthermore, a thorough assessment of the impacts of several factors such as residual surface stress, grading indices, elastic foundation stiffness, skew angle, other geometrical parameters, and BCs on the transient responses of the viscoelastic MFGP skew-nanoplate has been uncovered.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaochen Mao (, ), Shiji Zhang (, ), Xia Tong (, ), Xinlei Fan (, ), Youheng Dong (, ), Huan Liu (, ), Lifeng Wang (, )
{"title":"Bandgap properties and optimization of a metamaterial structure with tunable resonators","authors":"Xiaochen Mao \u0000 (, ), Shiji Zhang \u0000 (, ), Xia Tong \u0000 (, ), Xinlei Fan \u0000 (, ), Youheng Dong \u0000 (, ), Huan Liu \u0000 (, ), Lifeng Wang \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24788-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24788-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a tunable elastic metamaterial structure with periodically arranged resonators. The resonator consists of two beams and a moveable lumped mass block. The dynamical model of the proposed structure is established in frequency domain. The frequency responses are obtained by applying the spectral element method and finite element method. The influences of the structural and material parameters on the wave properties are explored. It is shown that the movement of the mass blocks has great relationships with the bandgaps, such as frequency shift and broadening effects. The parameter optimization is given by using genetic algorithms in order to improve the obtained results. The optimal positions of the mass blocks are addressed and ultra-wide bandgaps are revealed. An experimental platform is designed and performed to validate the bandgap characteristics.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hang Zhou (, ), Xin Yang (, ), Zhengxi Ran (, ), Chuanjin Pu (, ), Dingjun Xiao (, ), Moujin Lin (, ), Han Zhao (, )
{"title":"Numerical study on blasting crack propagation and coalescence in granite rock","authors":"Hang Zhou \u0000 (, ), Xin Yang \u0000 (, ), Zhengxi Ran \u0000 (, ), Chuanjin Pu \u0000 (, ), Dingjun Xiao \u0000 (, ), Moujin Lin \u0000 (, ), Han Zhao \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24781-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24781-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Blasting-induced crack networks considerably impact the extent of rock fragmentation and the evaluative construction qualities of deep underground facilities. Based on the Hoek-Brown criterion, an integrated strategy of the Johnson-Holmquist (JH-2) model, failure criterion, and crack softening failure model was used to numerically explore the influences of borehole distance, time interval, and confining pressure on blasting crack propagation and coalescence. First, one-borehole blasting was used to reproduce the crack propagation results under free and non-reflecting boundaries, and the good results provided compelling evidence of the reliability of this strategy. For the two- and three-borehole blasting, it was discovered that high confining pressure paired with the large time interval was not favorable for crack coalescence. Therefore, simultaneous initiation is an optimal plan, which is not dependent on time interval and confining pressure. Simultaneously, if the borehole distance remains unvaried, the predominant influence on crack coalescence transitions from the time interval to the confining pressure as these two factors increase. Moreover, crack coalescence takes place when the tensile stress field of one crack is not converted into the compressive stress field of another crack, and crack coalescence has two key mechanisms: mutual and indirect modes. In addition, the dependence of controlling parameter on coalescence mode has been discussed.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuanxi Hu (, ), Heng Bao (, ), Bo Lu (, ), Yinhua Bao (, ), Yicheng Song (, ), Junqian Zhang (, )
{"title":"Lithiation induced interfacial debonding in carbon fiber structural battery composites","authors":"Chuanxi Hu \u0000 (, ), Heng Bao \u0000 (, ), Bo Lu \u0000 (, ), Yinhua Bao \u0000 (, ), Yicheng Song \u0000 (, ), Junqian Zhang \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24867-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24867-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the interfacial debonding along the fiber-electrolyte interface induced by fiber lithiation in carbon fiber structure batteries using a shear-lag model, with the model validated through finite element simulations. The results demonstrate that as lithiation progresses, the interface transitio00ns from a purely elastic state to a cohesive damage phase, ultimately leading to interfacial debonding. Once debonding initiates, cracks propagate rapidly along the fiber-electrolyte interface, impeding ion and electron transport and significantly degrading the electrochemical performance and load-bearing capacity of the battery. To mitigate interfacial debonding, this study systematically examines the impacts of electrode length, modulus of carbon fiber and solid-state electrolyte, and cross-sectional size ratio. The findings indicate that electrode length and carbon fiber modulus have limited impacts on interfacial debonding, while reducing the modulus of solid-state electrolyte effectively decreases shear stress at the interface, thereby inhibiting debonding. Furthermore, a smaller cross-sectional size ratio alleviates interfacial stress, reducing the possibility of debonding. This research offers theoretical insights for the design of carbon fiber-based batteries, particularly in enhancing their structural stability and performance under electromechanical coupling environment.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linar Akhmetshin, Kristina Iokhim, Alexander Eremin
{"title":"Compression behavior of a cell of a tetrachiral metamaterial with regular and irregular structure","authors":"Linar Akhmetshin, Kristina Iokhim, Alexander Eremin","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24909-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24909-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metamaterials are materials whose unique properties are associated with their geometric structure rather than the chemical composition of the base material. These properties can be influenced at various scales but this work focuses on a cell’s topological defect. Samples for mechanical testing were printed using digital light processing lithography technology. One of the characteristics studied in this work is the rotation of the cell’s face under uniaxial loading. For both the regular cell and the cell with topological defect, the rotation was directed clockwise, which corresponds to the direction of twisting of the structures on the lateral faces. The maximum twisting angle of the regular cell is 0.84°. The introduction of topological defect reduced the twist angle of the cell by more than 30%. It was found that the force value in the cell with a topological defect is higher, indicating that the cell with the defect is more rigid than the cell without it.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144888080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plane-strain deformation of multilayer structures under normal surface loading","authors":"Wenxiao Zhou \u0000 (, ), Fuqian Yang \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24715-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24715-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The deformation of multilayer structures under external loadings provides both opportunities and challenges for modern manufacture. The stress and displacement fields are influenced by the structure’s geometrical configuration, material properties, and bonding conditions at the interfaces between adjoining layers. In this study, we investigate the mechanical response of a perfectly-bonded multilayer structure under normal loading using the Fourier transform. The normal loading is decomposed into symmetric and antisymmetric cases based on the linear superposition principle. Closed-form solutions are obtained in the formation of Fourier integrals with the associated coefficients being determined by the boundary conditions. The effects of Poisson’s ratio, shear modulus, and thickness on the stress distribution and maximum displacement are studied. For a two-layer structure, plastic deformation is most likely to initiate in the soft layer near the interface in the presence of a large shear moduli ratio between the two layers. Although the average normal displacement increases as the soft layer thickens, regardless of the shear modulus ratio, it may not increase monotonically with the total thickness, particularly when the shear modulus ratio is small. Under the thin film approximation, the response with uniform normal loading can be used to estimate the response of the indentation problem. The numerical model presented in this work provides a tool to analyze the deformation of multilayer structures under surface loadings.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144891372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huiqiang Guo (, ), Zhengguang Li (, ), Jiantao Bai (, ), Ran Zhang (, ), Wenjie Zuo (, )
{"title":"Continuous fiber paths optimization for composite structures with stress and manufacturing constraints using a parametric level set method","authors":"Huiqiang Guo \u0000 (, ), Zhengguang Li \u0000 (, ), Jiantao Bai \u0000 (, ), Ran Zhang \u0000 (, ), Wenjie Zuo \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1007/s10409-025-24849-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10409-025-24849-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fiber-reinforced composite materials are widely used in engineering fields. The design of curvilinear fiber paths is significant for improving the mechanical and manufacturing performances of the composite materials. Therefore, this paper presents an optimization method for curvilinear fibers with stress and manufacturing constraints. The membrane-embedded model is adopted to simulate the composite materials because it does not require extensive constitutive tests. Curvilinear fiber paths are described using the parametric level set method, which naturally avoids the crossing of fiber tows. The fiber optimization model is to minimize structural compliance with stress and manufacturing constraints. Adjoint method is used to obtain the sensitivity information of the objective and constraint functions. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method. The structural stiffness of the optimized composites has been significantly increased while satisfying the stress and manufacturing constraints.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":7109,"journal":{"name":"Acta Mechanica Sinica","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145170541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}