Acta Informatica Medica最新文献

{"title":"Durian and Sapodilla Extracts Enhance Chemotherapy Sensitivity and Promote Apoptosis in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Model in Vitro: Systematic Review.","authors":"Suyatno, Muhammad Rusda, Kamal Basri Siregar, Adi Muradi Muhar, Denni Joko Purwanto, Iqbal PahleviNasution, Selvi Nafianti, Ferryan Sofyan, Muhammad Al Anas","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.64-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.64-70","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with main option for therapeutic is chemotherapy. Natural compounds, such as durian (Durio zibethinus) and sapodilla (Manilkara zapota) extracts, have demonstrated anticancer properties, including apoptosis induction and the potential to overcome chemotherapy resistance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review evaluates the effects of these extracts on TNBC cells, focusing on their ability to enhance chemotherapy sensitivity with induced apoptosis and decreased chemotherapy resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Literature searches in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar identified studies investigating the effects of durian and sapodilla extracts on breast cancer. Data extraction focused on study design, cell lines, preparation and concentrations of extracts, and outcomes such as apoptosis, chemotherapy sensitivity, and molecular marker expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Included studies demonstrated that durian and sapodilla extracts significantly enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy agents such as paclitaxel and doxorubicin. Both extracts contained bioactive that reduced Fas, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and XIAP expression. The combination treatments were shown to synergistically enhance chemotherapy-induced cytotoxicity while reducing resistance mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bioactive compounds in durian and sapodilla extracts target multiple pathways involved in TNBC apoptosis, progression and chemotherapy resistance. These findings suggest their potential as natural adjuvants to enhance chemotherapy efficacy. Further studies are needed to validate these results in vivo and explore their clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"64-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and Clinical Factors Associated with COVID-19 Mortality in India: a Retrospective Study.","authors":"Lokesh Parashar, Himanshu Shekhar, Hina Arya, Shankar Lal Vig, Jagdish Prasad, Girish Gulab Meshram","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.23-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.23-29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted global health, with India experiencing one of the highest case and death tolls. However, data specific to India's sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing COVID-19 mortality remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study analyzed medical records of 4961 adult COVID-19 patients admitted to a tertiary care center in North India, from April 2020 to December 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical data were captured using a structured proforma. Univariate analysis (chi-square test) and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed to identify factors associated with mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4961 patients, 557 (11.2%) died, and 4404 (88.8%) survived. Increased age, rural residency, professional occupation, and comorbidities (diabetes and hypertension), multimorbidity, increased disease severity, cold and flu symptoms, breathlessness, and the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and ventilator support were significantly (P <0.05) associated with higher COVID-19 mortality. While some associations were observed with sociodemographic factors like religion, education level, and monthly family income in univariate analysis, these were not significant in survival analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this cohort of COVID-19 patients in India, advanced age, rural residency, professional occupation, comorbidities, multimorbidity, severe symptoms, and the need for ICU admission and ventilator support were identified as significant risk factors for mortality. Early identification and intervention for these high-risk groups may improve survival rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Value of High-Sensitivity Troponin I for Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Tran Nguyen Phuong Hai, Nguyen Minh Kha, Do Nguyen Tuong Dat, Nguyen Nhat Tai, Truong Phi Hung, Hoang Van Sy","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.40-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.40-46","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>According to the World Health Organization's 2021 statistics, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), particularly coronary artery disease (CAD), remain among the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality, affecting both high-income and low-income countries like Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a major cause of mortality and cardiovascular complications, with a poor prognosis in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) is a specific biomarker of myocardial injury linked to infarct size and LVSD. However, its role in predicting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is underexplored. This study investigates the correlation between hs-cTnI and LVSD in NSTEMI patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 117 patients with first-time NSTEMI treated at Cho Ray Hospital from February 2024 to April 2024. Admission hs-cTnI levels were measured and correlated with LVEF, assessed via echocardiography. The predictive value and optimal cut-off points of hs-cTnI for LVSD (LVEF < 50% and ≤ 40%) were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hs-cTnI levels showed a significant inverse correlation with LVEF (r = - 0.569, p < 0.001). Patients with moderate-to-severe LVSD (LVEF ≤ 40%) had the highest median hs-cTnI levels (25,000 pg/mL, p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting LVEF < 50% was 0.78, with a cut-off of 12,344 pg/mL (sensitivity 68.5%, specificity 82.5%). For LVEF ≤ 40%, the AUC was 0.82, with a cut-off of 20,979 pg/mL (sensitivity 73.3%, specificity 88.5%, accuracy 84.6%). These findings underscore hs-cTnI's utility in identifying LVSD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hs-cTnI is inversely correlated with LVEF and serves as a reliable biomarker for predicting LVSD in NSTEMI patients, facilitating risk stratification and early management decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"40-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Gene Polymorphisms in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Patients Receiving Combination Therapy of Alpha Blocker (a-Blocker) and 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor (5-ARI).","authors":"Besut Daryanto, Taufiq Nur Budaya, Widodo, David Agustriawan, Edvin Prawira Negara, Reza Akbar Effendi","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.54-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.54-57","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Out of 25-30% of individuals do not respond to 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors (5-ARI) as a primary treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), 7% experience disease progression despite treatment. Personalized medicine, which leverages human genomics, offers an approach to tailor treatments based on individual genetic profiles, facilitating early detection of drug resistance and optimizing therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to advance personalized medicine in BPH by identifying genetic factors that influence treatment outcomes, thus improving therapeutic efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study involved patients responsive and resistant to treatment of BPH. After prostate resection, DNA was extracted and subjected to protein sequencing. The quality of the DNA was assessed, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed. The sequencing data analyzed using FastQC, Samtools, MuTect2, ANNOVAR, and VEP. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data were compared to the Human GRCh38 reference genome. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their positions were visualized through Integrated Genomics Viewer (IGV). Statistical analyses were conducted using R software.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Two genetic variants associated with BPH, was a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the NOS3 gene at rs1799983 (T>A/G), and an SNP at rs61767072 in the SRD5A2 gene. All samples that exhibited resistance to combination drug therapy showed mutations in SNP rs61767072, specifically a deletion at base A in the SRD5A2 gene. Strong correlation reported between SNP rs61767072 and resistance to BPH combination therapy while mutations involving base A and base G in the NOS3 gene did not exhibit any significant correlation with resistance to BPH combination therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Variations in genetic makeup significantly affect personalized medical care. Identification of specific SNPs such as rs61767072 may be the basis for the development of more personalized therapies. This study provides evidence that pharmacogenomic approaches are needed in urology practice to improve treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"54-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Dynamic Stability Study of VEGF Inhibitor in Patients with Bladder Cancer.","authors":"Ginanda Putra Siregar, Ida Parwati, Tjahjodjati Tjahjodjati, Ferry Safriadi, Gerhard Reinaldi Situmorang, Raden Yohana, Astrid Feinisa Khairani","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.50-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.50-53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role in bladder cancer progression. Brolucizumab, an anti-VEGF agent, has been studied in various diseases; however, its potential in bladder cancer remains largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the molecular docking and dynamic stability of Brolucizumab as a VEGF inhibitor in bladder cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Target protein and ligand data mining were conducted. Proteins were prepared by removing water molecules using Discovery Studio 2019. Ligand energy minimization was performed using Pyrx v.0.9.8. Protein-ligand docking was conducted, and protein-protein docking was performed using the HADDOCK server. The interactions between compounds and proteins were visualized with BioVia Discovery Studio 2019. Molecular dynamics simulations were carried out using the YASARA Dynamic program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brolucizumab binding induced smaller conformational changes compared to VEGFR2 binding. When VEGFR2 interacted with the VEGFA-Brolucizumab complex, significant conformational changes occurred, suggesting an inhibitory and blocking effect of Brolucizumab. Bond relaxation was observed when Brolucizumab bound to VEGFA and VEGFR, initiating conformational changes as part of its inhibitory activity. Brolucizumab demonstrated strong and competitive binding to VEGFA, with greater affinity than VEGFR2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Brolucizumab exhibits inhibitory and blocking activity against VEGFR2, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent in bladder cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"50-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Carbonic Anhydrase-II Expression Across Undescended Testes Sprague Dawley Model with Coenzyme Q10 Treatment.","authors":"Pradana Nurhadi, Besut Daryanto, Athaya Febriantyo Purnomo, Kusworini, Tommy Nazwar Alfandy","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.11-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.11-15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study investigates the expression of Carbonic Anhydrase-II (CA-II) antibodies in both blood and tissue samples to understand their systemic and local effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The research aims to identify effective dosages and assess the differences in antibody levels across various treatment groups of undescended testes Sprague Dawley model. To measure and compare the levels of CA-II antibodies in blood and tissue samples, determine the most effective dosage for reducing tissue CA-II levels, and analyze the systemic versus local impacts of these antibodies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study employed immunohistochemistry to assess CA-II antibody expression in undescended testes model of Sprague Dawley tissue and blood, with brown-colored cells indicating positive expression. Levene's test confirmed homogeneity of variance (p=0.660), allowing for ANOVA to identify significant differences in CA-II levels among groups (p=0.000). Tukey's post hoc test was used to pinpoint specific group differences. <b>Results:</b> The analysis revealed significant differences in CA-II expression between groups. The dosage of 10 mg/KgBB was found to be most effective in reducing tissue CA-II levels. Blood CA-II concentrations were consistently higher than tissue levels across all groups, indicating a strong systemic presence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the significant distinctions in CA-II antibody levels between blood and tissue samples. It underscores the importance of dosage in managing CA-II levels and the need to consider both systemic and local impacts in clinical settings. These findings provide a basis for future research into targeted therapies for conditions mediated by CA-II.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"11-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and Validity of the Vietnamese Cyberbullying Scale (CBS) Among University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University Students.","authors":"Thang Tran Quoc, Kim Chi Le Thi, Thuy Hoang, Son Dao Anh, Ly Tran Thi","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.58-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.58-63","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The proportion of individuals utilizing the Internet has increased rapidly, and as a result, cyberbullying has garnered significant attention across various communities, emerging as a critical public health concern.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to validate the Vietnamese version of the Cyberbullying Scale (CBS) within the Vietnamese context.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 257 students at University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University (VNU-UMP) in Hanoi , Vietnam, from November 2023 to March 2024. The Cyberbullying Scale was administered through the RedCap software platform.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Among the 257 students, 64.9% were female. The average time spent using social networks per day was 5.6 ± 3.3 hours. The factor loadings for all items ranged from 0.76 to 0.92. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was calculated to be 0.98. The final measurement model of the CBS-M demonstrated good fit with the data, yielding acceptable fit indices: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.93, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.91, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.03, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.06.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Cyberbullying Scale was identified as a reliable and valid instrument for assessing cyberbullying in Vietnam.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"58-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic Completion Cholecystectomy for Symptomatic Remnant Gallbladder Following Subtotal Cholecystectomy: a Report of Two Cases.","authors":"Fatima M Alsinan, Ali I Alaqoul","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.79-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.79-81","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subtotal cholecystectomy (SC) is considered a safe option for a bailout in the presence of a difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a low incidence of complications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This report aims to describe the challenges in diagnosing and managing remnant gallbladder.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Case 1 is a 31-year-old male who presented with right upper quadrant abdominal pain ten years following SC. Abdominal ultrasound (US) and computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed a ruminant gallbladder. He underwent successful completion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Case 2 is a 40-year-old male who was admitted as a case of ascending cholangitis. He had a history of subtotal cholecystectomy one year prior to his presentation. CT scan, Magnetic resonance cholangiography (MRCP), and US all confirmed the presence of a remnant gallbladder. The patient underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), followed by the completion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recurring symptoms due to the remnant gallbladder are often challenging to diagnose and treat. Herein, we highlight the importance of adequate preoperative investigations and surgical planning prior to intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"79-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143951998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 Levels Following Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation in Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome: Implications for Fetal demise Prediction.","authors":"Nguyen Thi Thu Ha, Do Tuan Dat, Phan Thi Huyen Thuong, Nguyen Duy Anh","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.30-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.30-34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a severe complication in monochorionic twin pregnancies, leading to high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (FLP) is the gold standard treatment; however, fetal demiseremains a concern. The soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2, play a crucial role in regulating angiogenesis and vascular function. This study evaluates changes in sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 levels before and after FLP and explores their role in predicting fetal demise post-surgery.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Therefore, this study aims to evaluate pre- and post-surgical changes in sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 levels in TTTS cases treated with FLP and determine their predictive value for fetal demiseafter surgery. <b>Methods:</b> A prospective longitudinal study was done with 27 pregnant women with TTTS stage II-IV according to Quintero classification from 16 to 26 weeks of gestation undergoing FLS. Among them, 11 cases were carried out coagulation the placental vascular anastomoses, 16 cases were done ablation umbilical cord for the selective fetal reduction because of TTTS stage IV, selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) or proximate cord insertions. All the studies subject investigated the soluble levels of biomarkers. We quantified plasma levels of VEGF-R1, VEGF- R2 in twin pregnant with TTTS before and one week after surgery by ELISA. Many factors included maternal age, gestational age at surgery, stage of TTTS, placental location, level of polyhydramnios, FLS methods, sIUGR, amount of amniotic fluid drawn, duration of surgery, change of maternal circulating biomarker levels were analyzed to find out the association with fetal demise after FLS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistics showed that VEGF-R1 levels were significantly decreased after surgery and change in soluble VEGF-R1 levels after surgery had a difference between the group of fetal demise and non-fetal demise. ROC curve showed that degree of VEGF-R1 levels reduction after surgery were higher, the risk of fetal demise was bigger (AUC: 0.8472), in which, cut-off point of degree of VEGF-R1 levels reduction after surgery was 36.5% (sensitivity: 66.67%, specificity: 95.83%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggest that change in VEGF-R1 after surgery could play a prognostic role of fetal demise after fetoscopic laser surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"30-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Large Language Models in Generating Patient Education Materials: a Scoping Review.","authors":"Alhasan AlSammarraie, Mowafa Househ","doi":"10.5455/aim.2024.33.4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/aim.2024.33.4-10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient Education is a healthcare concept that involves educating the public with evidence-based medical information. This information surges their capabilities to promote a healthier life and better manage their conditions. LLM platforms have recently been introduced as powerful NLPs capable of producing human-sounding text and by extension patient education materials.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to conduct a scoping review to systematically map the existing literature on the use of LLMs for generating patient education materials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study followed JBI guidelines, searching five databases using set inclusion/exclusion criteria. A RAG-inspired framework was employed to extract the variables followed by a manual check to verify accuracy of extractions. In total, 21 variables were identified and grouped into five themes: Study Demographics, LLM Characteristics, Prompt-Related Variables, PEM Assessment, and Comparative Outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results were reported from 69 studies. The United States contributed the largest number of studies. LLM models such as ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, and Bard were the most investigated. Most studies evaluated the accuracy of LLM responses and the readability of LLM responses. Only 3 studies implemented external knowledge bases leveraging a RAG architecture. All studies except 3 conducted prompting in English. ChatGPT-4 was found to provide the most accurate responses in comparison with other models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review examined studies comparing large language models for generating patient education materials. ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 were the most evaluated. Accuracy and readability of responses were the main metrics of evaluation, while few studies used assessment frameworks, retrieval-augmented methods, or explored non-English cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7074,"journal":{"name":"Acta Informatica Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"4-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}