结核病研究(英文)最新文献_第8页

Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Induced Liver Injury and Ursodeoxycholic Acid 抗结核药物肝损伤与熊去氧胆酸

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2020.82007

S. Lang, Emad Al-Nemnem, H. Schiffl

{"title":"Anti-Tuberculosis Drug Induced Liver Injury and Ursodeoxycholic Acid","authors":"S. Lang, Emad Al-Nemnem, H. Schiffl","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2020.82007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2020.82007","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatotoxicity induced by standard anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, \u0000rifampicin, pyrazinamide) can result in significant morbidity and, rarely, even \u0000mortality. This major adverse side-effect of anti-tuberculosis treatment has a \u0000negative impact on patient adherence and patient outcomes as well as on \u0000tuberculosis control. Early recognition and prompt withdrawal of the offending drugs are the most critical interventions in the \u0000management of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced \u0000liver injury. No drug or herbal extract has been shown until recently to \u0000prevent or reverse anti-tuberculosis drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Ursodeoxycholic acid is the only FDA approved drug for the treatment of \u0000primary biliary cholangitis and has also been successfully \u0000used in various cholestatic liver diseases. \u0000Although still experimental, recent controlled clinical studies suggested \u0000that oral administration of ursodeoxycholic acid may prevent the onset of \u0000anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury and accelerate the recovery of liver injury. These clinical data are \u0000supported by experimental models of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced \u0000hepatotoxicity. There is an urgent need for further randomized clinical trials \u0000to document the promising hepatoprotective properties of ursodeoxycholic acid.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":"08 1","pages":"66-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45776833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Patient Characteristics Associated with Non-Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review 与结核病治疗不依从性相关的患者特征:一项系统综述

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2020.82008

A. Ali, M. Prins

{"title":"Patient Characteristics Associated with Non-Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review","authors":"A. Ali, M. Prins","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2020.82008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2020.82008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A high level of adherence to treatment is essential for cure and prevention of tuberculosis \u0000(TB) treatment resistance. Methods: A Systematic review of 53 studies addressing the \u0000patient characteristics associated with TB medication non-adherence was \u0000performed. The publications were identified by searching the PubMed, World Health Organization \u0000(WHO), and Centers for Disease Control \u0000and Prevention (CDC) database, EmBase, Scopus database Arts, Humanities, Social Science \u0000database and Google scholar. Only English \u0000language publications were eligible. Potentially eligible studies were retrieved and the full articles were assessed. The potentially eligible studies were included if \u0000they concerned patients treated for tuberculosis, reported non adherence \u0000and reported on potential risk factors associated with non-adherence. Results: Factors that were most frequently consistently and \u0000statistically significantly related to \u0000non-adherence to tuberculosis treatment were: family income, patient movement and changing address or \u0000giving wrong address, tuberculosis relapse or multidrug-resistant TB \u0000(MDRTB), during intensive phase of treatment, \u0000history of default, treatment regimen (long course), response to \u0000treatment, homeless, stigma, seeking traditional healers, staff receptiveness, lack of directly observed therapy short course \u0000(DOTS), poor knowledge or lack of health education, side effects of drugs, \u0000feeling better, alcohol intake and lack of family and social support. Conclusions: Non-adherence to tuberculosis \u0000treatment was influenced by several factors.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43126561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Threefold Increase in the Number of Drug Resistant TB Cases after Introduction of Universal Drug Susceptibility Testing: Experiences from Two South India Districts 引入普遍药敏试验后耐药结核病病例增加了三倍:来自印度南部两个地区的经验

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2020.82005

Sanath Kumar Krishnamurthy, S. Nagaraja, T. Anand, K. Sagili, Cheluve Gowda, Shailaja, Basavaraj Poojar, S. Satyanarayana

{"title":"Threefold Increase in the Number of Drug Resistant TB Cases after Introduction of Universal Drug Susceptibility Testing: Experiences from Two South India Districts","authors":"Sanath Kumar Krishnamurthy, S. Nagaraja, T. Anand, K. Sagili, Cheluve Gowda, Shailaja, Basavaraj Poojar, S. Satyanarayana","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2020.82005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2020.82005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In India, tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health \u0000problem, and the advent of drug resistance TB (DR-TB) has worsened the \u0000situation. The Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP) has introduced \u0000universal drug susceptibility testing (UDST) for all diagnosed TB cases in \u00002018. We conducted this study to know the \u0000advantage of implementing UDST when compared to selective testing \u0000existent in 2017 on key diagnostic cascade parameters and to identify the \u0000challenges in the implementation of UDST. Methods: The study was conducted in two districts of Karnataka, India during \u0000January 2017-December 2018. The quantitative part consisted of before-and-after \u0000design and the qualitative part consisted of descriptive design. Results: In 2017 (during selective testing/“before” period) out of the 2440 TB patients, 80 (3%) were diagnosed with Isoniazid and \u0000Rifampicin resistance patients; in contrast \u0000in 2018 (during UDST/“after” period) of the 5129 TB patients 258 (5%) were diagnosed with Isoniazid and Rifampicin resistance. \u0000However, the proportion of eligible patients tested for rifampicin resistance during the “after” period was 60% when compared to \u0000100% during the “before” period and median turnaround time for testing \u0000was also longer during the “after” period when compared to the “before” period \u0000(32.5 days vs 27.5 days). Major reasons for \u0000these two gaps were found to be difficulties in collecting sputum \u0000specimens and transportation. Conclusion: The rollout of UDST has led to a three-fold increase in a number of DR-TB cases detected in the \u0000region. There is a need for the programme to increase the proportion \u0000tested for DST by increasing the laboratory capacity and address the challenges \u0000in sputum collection and transportation.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":"08 1","pages":"42-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41800175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Impact of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Activity on Exhaled Breath Markers Levels in the Egyptian Population 肺结核活动对埃及人群呼气标志物水平的影响

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2020.81003

A. Abumossalam, A. Ehab, Hanan Abdelsattar Elhalaby, Mohamad Darwish Mohamad, Tamer Elhadidy

{"title":"Impact of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Activity on Exhaled Breath Markers Levels in the Egyptian Population","authors":"A. Abumossalam, A. Ehab, Hanan Abdelsattar Elhalaby, Mohamad Darwish Mohamad, Tamer Elhadidy","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2020.81003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2020.81003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: \u0000Tuberculosis still characterizes till now a major respiratory insult with \u0000concurrent pulmonary manifestations and later disability. Aim of Work: To \u0000evaluate the level of exhaled fraction of nitric oxide (FENO) and fraction of \u0000exhaled carbon monoxide (FECO) as markers of pulmonary tuberculosis TB activity \u0000in patients under chemotherapy in comparison to healthy negative patients and \u0000latent TB patients. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was \u0000conducted on 130 patients recruited from the outpatient clinic of Mansoura \u0000Chest hospital during the period from May 2019 to December 2019. They were \u0000categorized into the three groups: 1) Pulmonary tuberculous patients PTB \u0000(group1) which included 48 cases with positive sputum for TB bacilli in the initiation \u0000phase after 1 month of starting anti-tuberculous chemotherapy; 2) Latent \u0000patients (group 2): included 40 patients with positive tuberculin skin test \u0000(Mantoux test) > 10 mm. 3) Control patients (group 3) which included 42 \u0000healthy volunteers with negative sputum for TB bacilli. They were subjected to \u0000portable spirogram as well as exhaled fractional NO and CO measurement. Results: FECO and FENO levels prevailed in pulmonary TB patients followed by \u0000Latent TB patients and lastly healthy volunteers (42 ± 12.32/5 ± 0.16 & 38 \u0000± 8.25/6 ± 2.25 and 23 ± 3.25/2 ± 0.40 respectively). Conclusion: Measurement \u0000of CO and NO level in expired air may correlate with active pulmonary TB \u0000infection in comparison to healthy negative tuberculous patients and latent \u0000tuberculous patients.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42875500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis (LTB) among Household Contacts of Newly Diagnosed Omani Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients 阿曼新诊断肺结核患者家庭接触者中潜伏性肺结核（LTB）的患病率

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2020.81002

J. Singh, L. Balushi, Nada Mahrazi, Esklid Peterson, O. Koole, F. Ajmi, P. Kurup

{"title":"Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis (LTB) among Household Contacts of Newly Diagnosed Omani Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients","authors":"J. Singh, L. Balushi, Nada Mahrazi, Esklid Peterson, O. Koole, F. Ajmi, P. Kurup","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2020.81002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2020.81002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oman is a high-income, low prevalent country for tuberculosis disease. Although the rates have remained static \u0000over the last decade, the country is aiming for Tuberculosis (TB) \u0000elimination. Household contacts of pulmonary TB (PTB) patients form a high-risk \u0000group of susceptible individuals who could \u0000remain reservoirs of active disease. Objective: A retrospective study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of latent \u0000TB infection by Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) \u0000or Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) screening tests among the \u0000household contacts of Omani patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Design: A cross-sectional survey conducted between 2017 and 2018 of TB cases and \u0000their contacts in Muscat Governorate, Oman. Results: Out of the 278 contacts identified, 188 contacts fulfilled the inclusion \u0000criteria and were enrolled into the study. \u0000The prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) was 22.8% (95% \u0000CI: 17.0 - 29.5) among household contacts. We found higher proportions of LTBI among \u0000females than males (28.7% vs. 15%, p = 0.027). Those who were exposed to \u0000Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear positive cases were more likely to be LTBI (28.7% \u0000versus 15% in smear negative cases; p = 0.047). We also found an increasing trend of infection (32.3%) in the oldest age \u0000group (46 - 80 years). Conclusion: Besides children, female household contacts and older age contacts should \u0000be prioritized for screening as they are more likely to be infected and develop \u0000active disease.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":"08 1","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49275623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Kill-TB” Drug Reminder Mobile Application for Tuberculosis Patients at Bengaluru, India: Effectiveness and Challenges “杀死结核病”药物提醒手机应用程序肺结核患者在班加罗尔，印度:有效性和挑战

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2020.81001

S. Nagaraja, Naveen S. Kotur, N. Murthy, Shilpashree Madhava Kunjathur, Nanda B Sappandi, Deepak Murthy, Arundathi Das, A. Singarajipur

{"title":"“Kill-TB” Drug Reminder Mobile Application for Tuberculosis Patients at Bengaluru, India: Effectiveness and Challenges","authors":"S. Nagaraja, Naveen S. Kotur, N. Murthy, Shilpashree Madhava Kunjathur, Nanda B Sappandi, Deepak Murthy, Arundathi Das, A. Singarajipur","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2020.81001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2020.81001","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in India. Newer digital technologies for treatment adherence have been tested for diseases with chronic medication. A mobile application (Kill-TB) that provides reminder to TB patients through alarm was tested for its effectiveness and challenges under programmatic settings. Methods: A cohort of TB patients initiated on treatment with and without mobile application at Bangalore city during January-March 2019 was observed for missed doses during their treatment period. Results: A total of 694 patients (347 patients with and without mobile application) were enrolled for the study. Among the patients with and without mobile application 1) loss to follow-up was 2% and 8%, 2) non-adherence rate to TB treatment was 1.5 and 3.3 per 100 person-months, 3) treatment success rate was 89% and 81%. Conclusion: The TB drug reminder mobile application benefits the patient’s treatment adherence and paves way for improved treatment outcomes despite the challenges in implementation. The programme should leverage mobile technologies as an additional monitoring tool to achieve the target of End-TB by 2025.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47095153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Diagnostic Capacity for Tuberculosis in Various Laboratories within Meru County, Kenya 肯尼亚梅鲁县各实验室的结核病诊断能力

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2019.74023

D. Nakitare, Patrick Mutharia Ndiba, F. Onyambu, S. Wandili

{"title":"Diagnostic Capacity for Tuberculosis in Various Laboratories within Meru County, Kenya","authors":"D. Nakitare, Patrick Mutharia Ndiba, F. Onyambu, S. Wandili","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2019.74023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2019.74023","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Division of Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Lung Disease reported a notification rate of 217/100,000 in Meru County. This study aimed at determining diagnostic capacity for tuberculosis in various medical laboratories within Meru County. Objective: To determine the diagnostic capacity for tuberculosis in various laboratories within Meru County. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey which utilized quantitative techniques to establish the potential and capacity of TB diagnostic laboratories in selected medical institutions. Observational checklist was used to determine essential requirements for sample processing. Data entry was done through use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Data analysis was done using Chi-square. Results: Results indicated that there was significant difference in laboratory diagnostic capacity at [χ2 (1 df, N = 26) = 18.49, p = 0.000 < 0.05] for Florescence microcopy and [χ2 (1 df, N = 26) = 18.49, p = 0.000 < 0.05] for Gene Xpert Assay. There were significant differences in the diagnostic capacity of TB between public and private/commercial laboratories in relation to availability of the resources. Conclusion: Public operated laboratories had enhanced Tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic capacity as compared to the private laboratories.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45337264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tubercular Uveitis in the Event of HIV Infection about a Case 一例感染HIV的结核性葡萄膜炎

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2019.74025

A. Traoré, H. Cissé, N. Tolo, D. Traoré, Condé Lassana, A. Kaya, A. Sanogo, B. Berthé, I. Dembélé, M. Saliou, D. Sy, N. Doumbia, S. M. Cissé, Boubacar Zana Cisse, M. Dembélé, A. Traoré, H. Traoré

{"title":"Tubercular Uveitis in the Event of HIV Infection about a Case","authors":"A. Traoré, H. Cissé, N. Tolo, D. Traoré, Condé Lassana, A. Kaya, A. Sanogo, B. Berthé, I. Dembélé, M. Saliou, D. Sy, N. Doumbia, S. M. Cissé, Boubacar Zana Cisse, M. Dembélé, A. Traoré, H. Traoré","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2019.74025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2019.74025","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This disease is the second leading cause of infectious mortality in the world after infection with the human immunodeficiency virus. We report a case of multifocal tuberculosis with neuromuscular and ocular localization in an HIV-1 immunosuppressed patient in clinical and virological failure following therapeutic discontinuation due to non-compliance. This is a 43-year-old immunocompromised HIV1 patient with a history of cerebral toxoplasmosis in 2016 who consulted for right hemiplegia. These symptoms would go back to about 3 days marked by a deficit of progressive installation of the right hemicorps preceded by diffuse headaches, of moderate intensity without triggering factor radiating to the eyes associated with an intermittent fever with periods of spontaneous remissions, night sweats and chills, non-selective anorexia, non-increasing physical asthenia and unquantified weight loss. Management was 8-month antituberculous treatment, combining the first two months isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), pyrazinamide (PZN) and ethambutol (EMB), then the next 6 months (INH) and rifampicin (RMP). The reintroduction of the same antiretroviral protocol and a reinforcement of the therapeutic education made it possible to observe a decrease of the viral load. Treatment of ocular involvement was instituted with Timosol 1 drop in the eyes morning and evening and Diclocid 1 mg/ml: 1 drop in the eyes in the morning.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49559182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Tuberculosis among Smokers: Secondary Analysis of an Active Case Finding Project 评估吸烟者中的结核病：一个活跃病例发现项目的二次分析

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2019.74024

R. Fatima, Aashifa Yaqoob, K. Siddiqi, O. Dogar, Sarwat K Shah, A. Ikram

{"title":"Assessing Tuberculosis among Smokers: Secondary Analysis of an Active Case Finding Project","authors":"R. Fatima, Aashifa Yaqoob, K. Siddiqi, O. Dogar, Sarwat K Shah, A. Ikram","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2019.74024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2019.74024","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Previous case-control studies and a small number of cohort studies in high-risk populations have found an association between smoking and tuberculosis, but limited studies are available in the general population that predicts association of smoking and TB. Objectives: To investigate the association between smoking and tuberculosis in a cohort of a general population. Methods: Four districts of Punjab province (Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad and Islamabad) were randomly selected. In routine, household contact investigation is practiced by the National TB Control Programme. For two years from July 2013-June 2015, all people who were living within 50 metres from the household of smear positive TB patients were screened for tuberculosis. Those found presumptive TB were investigated through smear microscopy and those found smear negative; the Xpert MTB/RIF test was done. All the diagnosed TB patients were referred to nearest basic health unit for further treatment and care. Results: A total of 783,043 contacts were screened for tuberculosis, of whom 19,815 (2.53%) were smokers. Smoking was common among men, in diabetic & teenage, elderly age population and in household contact of smear positive TB patients. Smoking was associated with an increased risk of tuberculosis (odds ratio [OR], 2.43; 95% confidence interval, 2.27 - 2.60) in household contact of smear positive TB patients. The association was stronger among those greater than 45 years of age (OR, 11.09) than those between 25 - 44 years of age (OR, 5.83) and diabetic persons (OR, 2.0). Conclusions: Smoking was associated with a twofold increased risk of active tuberculosis in a cohort of general population.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43259291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Prevalence of Hyponatremia in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients, a Tertiary Care Hospital Experience from Pakistan 肺结核患者低钠血症的流行，来自巴基斯坦三级医院的经验

结核病研究(英文) Pub Date : 2019-10-28 DOI: 10.4236/jtr.2019.74026

Afshan Nisar, Amanullah Lail, Darkhshan Nisar, S. Waheed, Nausheen Saifullah, G. Lail

{"title":"The Prevalence of Hyponatremia in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients, a Tertiary Care Hospital Experience from Pakistan","authors":"Afshan Nisar, Amanullah Lail, Darkhshan Nisar, S. Waheed, Nausheen Saifullah, G. Lail","doi":"10.4236/jtr.2019.74026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jtr.2019.74026","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems in Pakistan. Our country ranks fifth in tuberculosis high-burden countries worldwide. Hyponatremia is considered as one of the most common and important electrolyte abnormality in Pulmonary TB (PTB) patients. This study will show the prevalence of hyponatremia in PTB in our population. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of hyponatremia in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Study Design: Cross-sectional, descriptive study at Jinnah postgraduate medical centre Karachi from August 2017 to August 2018. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all patients with TB admitted in chest ward were enrolled. Patients having tuberculous meningitis, syndrome of inappropriate Ant diuretic hormone (SIADH), Renal failure, pneumonia, Cirrhosis taking medicines (diuretics, ACEI, and ARBs) were excluded. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to assess hyponatremia and its potential causes other than TB. Chi-square or Fischer exact test was used to identify factors associated with hyponatremia. Results: Ninety-six patients with mean age were 40.14 ± 13.02 years (ranging 18 - 65 years). Predominantly, patients were females 50 (52.08%). Overall Serum Na, Mean ± SD was 130.53 ± 6.99 (Ranging 110 - 146). Sixty one patients (63.5%) were younger than 40 years. Forty patients (41.66%) were smokers: 16 (16.7%) had diabetes mellitus (DM), and 15 (15.6%) had hypertension. Sixty-nine (71.87%) patients had hyponatremia of which 45 (73.77%) were less than 40 years (p = 0.375). Diabetes mellitus, female gender, smoking, hypertension and duration of disease were not associated with increased risk of hyponatremia having P Values: p = 0.082, p = 0.39, p = 0.57, p = 0.20 and p = 0.45 respectively. Conclusion: Hyponatremia is associated with tuberculosis and is more common with diabetes, hypertension, smoking and young age.","PeriodicalId":70603,"journal":{"name":"结核病研究(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46306354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3