Metals and Materials International最新文献_第2页

Slip Activity and Precipitation Behaviors of Al-Cu-Li Alloy During High Temperature Tensile Deformation 高温拉伸变形过程中Al-Cu-Li合金的滑移活性及析出行为

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01830-6

Jin Zhang, Dian Yang, Wei Xiong, Dongfeng Shi, Chenqi Lei, Zhen Jiang, Guoqing Wang

{"title":"Slip Activity and Precipitation Behaviors of Al-Cu-Li Alloy During High Temperature Tensile Deformation","authors":"Jin Zhang, Dian Yang, Wei Xiong, Dongfeng Shi, Chenqi Lei, Zhen Jiang, Guoqing Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01830-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01830-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present work investigates the deformation mechanisms of the Al-Cu-Li alloy from room temperature (RT) to 300°C by in-situ electron backscattering diffraction and slip trace analysis method. The Al-Cu-Li alloy ingot was rolled and annealed to achieve an average grain size of ~ 180µm. Tensile test results show that at 100°C, the sample has similar yield strength (203 MPa) as RT sample, but the elongation reaches a peak value of 33%. Upon further increasing the temperature, the yield strength and the elongation start to decline and the elongation is reduced to 9.5% at 300°C. Statistical analysis on the slip behaviors of multiple grains shows that more grains activate type II slip (multiple slip systems) at 100°C than at RT, which compensates for the yield strength loss due to softening and contributes to a higher ductility as it accommodates the stress from different directions. In addition, the increasing tensile temperature facilitates the growth of θ’ phase inside the grains and along grain boundaries, which leads to a significant decrease in elongation and introduces work hardening by forming dislocation rings.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1381 - 1391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling Evaporation of Sb from Molten Fe–C–S Alloys for Sustainable Steelmaking Supported by Experiment and Mechanisms Analysis 模拟Fe-C-S合金熔液中Sb的蒸发，并进行实验和机理分析

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01817-3

Won-Bum Park, Chanumul Jung, Youn-Bae Kang

{"title":"Modeling Evaporation of Sb from Molten Fe–C–S Alloys for Sustainable Steelmaking Supported by Experiment and Mechanisms Analysis","authors":"Won-Bum Park, Chanumul Jung, Youn-Bae Kang","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01817-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01817-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p> Sb is one of the tramp elements that remain in molten steel during the steelmaking process. It is generally known to be difficult to remove it from the molten steel. In order to develop a feasible process to remove Sb from molten steel, the evaporation reaction of Sb from molten steel was investigated by high-temperature liquid–gas experiments using an electromagnetic levitation melting technique and kinetic analysis. The evaporation rate of Sb was measured by varying the flow rate of incoming gas (<i>Q</i>), temperature (<i>T</i>), initial C content ([pct C]<span>(_0)</span>), and initial S content ([pct S]<span>(_0)</span>) in molten Fe–C–S–Sb alloys. It was found that the evaporation rate of Sb accelerated by S due to the formation of the sulfide gas species (SbS(g)) and by C due to increasing the activity coefficient of Sb (<span>(f_{textrm{Sb}})</span>) and S (<span>(f_{text {S}})</span>). On the other hand, the evaporation rate of Sb decelerated by S due to the blocking of the molten steel surface. Based on the established mechanism, a model of Sb evaporation from molten Fe–C–S–Sb alloy was developed in the present study, which considers (1) actual evaporating species, (2) surface blocking by S using ideal Langmuir adsorption, and (3) effect of C and temperature on <span>(f_{text {Sb}})</span> and <span>(f_{text {S}})</span>. With the established model, the extent of Cu, Sn, and Sb removal in the molten steel was assessed. It turned out that Cu has the fastest removal rate, followed by Sb, with Sn being the slowest for molten steel containing 0.1 pct C and 0.01 pct S at 1650 <span>(^circ )</span>C.</p>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"30 12","pages":"3497 - 3512"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective Laser Melting of a High-Strength, Miniature, Soft Magnetic Device with Complex Geometry 具有复杂几何形状的高强度、微型软磁器件的选择性激光熔化

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01827-1

Zhiqiang Xue, Weiming Yang, Yan Ma, Meng Fang, Xiang Zhang, Haishun Liu, Yucheng Zhao

{"title":"Selective Laser Melting of a High-Strength, Miniature, Soft Magnetic Device with Complex Geometry","authors":"Zhiqiang Xue, Weiming Yang, Yan Ma, Meng Fang, Xiang Zhang, Haishun Liu, Yucheng Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01827-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01827-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Micro-unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are developing rapidly in many fields, demanding their motors to meet various requirements, such as being lightweight and efficient. Additionally, the motor components must also have high strength to avoid quality problems. Conventional methods are insufficient to satisfy the manufacturing of micromotor components, so additive manufacturing is employed. This paper fabricated a series of Fe-80%Ni micromotor cores using selective laser melting (SLM) and investigated the effects of annealing on their microstructures, magnetic properties, and mechanical performance. The samples exhibited a single face-centered-cubic FeNi<sub>3</sub> phase before and after annealing. The grains were uniformly distributed and corresponded to the size of the raw powders. The fine grains, along with residual stress, resulted in a considerably high yield strength of the as-printed SLM samples with a tensile yield strength of 690 MPa. Subsequent annealing of the SLM samples released the residual stress, enhancing the magnetic properties, with a saturation magnetization of 115 emu/g and an increase in the effective magnetic permeability to 214. The excellent combined mechanical and magnetic performances of the annealed SLM samples demonstrate the capability of SLM to enhance their properties while fabricating miniature complex-shaped magnetic devices, laying the foundation for the additive manufacturing of micro-UAVs motors.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1496 - 1507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Study of Structural Evolution during Tensile Deformation of Direct Additive Manufactured 17 − 4 PH Steel 原位同步加速器x射线衍射研究直接增材制造17−4 PH钢拉伸变形过程中的结构演变

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01825-3

D. Gatões, P. Freitas Rodrigues, L. M. Cacho, B. Alves, F. M. Braz Fernandes, M. T. Vieira

{"title":"In-Situ Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction Study of Structural Evolution during Tensile Deformation of Direct Additive Manufactured 17 − 4 PH Steel","authors":"D. Gatões, P. Freitas Rodrigues, L. M. Cacho, B. Alves, F. M. Braz Fernandes, M. T. Vieira","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01825-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01825-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are revolutionising the production of complex and customised components. Despite these geometric innovations, the microstructure of these ‘new’ materials has posed a major obstacle to the widespread adoption of these technologies in novel applications. However, understanding the microstructural evolution during mechanical loading is necessary to elucidate the mechanisms and implications of using AM 3D objects in critical applications. This study uses in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) during tensile testing to clarify the deformation mechanisms and microstructural transformations in additively manufactured 17 − 4 PH stainless steel (AISI 630). Controlled tensile loading was applied to the tensile specimens, enabling the simultaneous capture of XRD, thereby providing real-time insights into material response. The analysis highlighted the structural evolution and phase transformations occurring during deformation, providing a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms that influence the unique mechanical properties resulting from Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF). The results demonstrate a clear correlation between microstructural attributes and mechanical performance, contributing to optimising the design vs. properties.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1369 - 1380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Applied Voltage on Melting and Wetting Behaviors of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slag on Alumina Substrate 施加电压对CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3渣在氧化铝基体上熔化和润湿行为的影响

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01816-4

Peiwang Liu, Yunming Gao, Xiaohang Liu, Qiang Wang, Guangqiang Li

{"title":"Effect of Applied Voltage on Melting and Wetting Behaviors of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slag on Alumina Substrate","authors":"Peiwang Liu, Yunming Gao, Xiaohang Liu, Qiang Wang, Guangqiang Li","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01816-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01816-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of applied voltage from 0 to 20 V on the melting and wetting behaviors of CaO-SiO<sub>2</sub>-MgO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> slag on single crystal alumina substrate was investigated using the sessile drop method. The spreading and shrinking phenomena of slag drop on conductive single crystal substrate were also observed online at 1561 °C by applying ±20 V voltages. The interface and reaction products were examined by SEM-EDS technique. It is found that the applied voltage has no obvious effect on the melting of the slag. Changes in apparent contact angle and spreading diameter were closely related to the magnitude and polarity of the applied voltage. Under experimental conditions, when applied voltages are 0, + 2, +5, + 20 and ±20 V, the final contact angles at 1561 °C were respectively 1.1 °, 3.5 °, 9.2 °, 14.4 ° and 1.5 °, and the final dimensionless spreading diameters of the last four applied voltages are respectively 1.94, 1.52, 1.35 and 2.21. Compared to the case without applied voltage, positive and negative voltages of 20 V can cause different results on the contact angle and spreading diameter of the molten slag on the substrate, which is considered to be mainly attributed to the effect that the applied voltage changes the interfacial tension between the molten slag and the substrate. The higher the applied positive voltage the greater the effect. Moreover, it is also found that high applied positive voltage significantly changes the distribution and the size of the particle phases with high melting point such as MgO⋅Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (MA) in the molten slag.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1405 - 1421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra-Light and High-Strength Mg-xLi-3Al-2Zn-0.2Y Alloy Produced by Warm Rolling Coupled Annealing Processes 热轧耦合退火制备超轻高强Mg-xLi-3Al-2Zn-0.2Y合金的组织与力学性能

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01818-2

Qichi Le, Chen Zhou, Tong Wang, Yingbin Lin, Yatong Zhu, Qiyu Liao, Ruina Yu, Yan Tang

{"title":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ultra-Light and High-Strength Mg-xLi-3Al-2Zn-0.2Y Alloy Produced by Warm Rolling Coupled Annealing Processes","authors":"Qichi Le, Chen Zhou, Tong Wang, Yingbin Lin, Yatong Zhu, Qiyu Liao, Ruina Yu, Yan Tang","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01818-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01818-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of the strengthening mechanism on the tensile properties and microstructural evolution of Mg-xLi-3Al-2Zn-0.2Y (x = 5, 8, 11) alloy sheets during rolling and annealing at different temperatures was studied. The results indicated that, with the increase in temperature, the α-Mg matrix gradually softens, which is beneficial for improving the ductility of the Mg-5Li-3Al-2Zn-0.2Y (LAZW5320) and Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.2Y (LAZW8320) alloys. Shear bands were discovered in the α-Mg matrix of the as-rolled LAZW5320 and LAZW8320 alloys. The Al₂Y phase demonstrates remarkable heat resistance stability, while the AlLi phase is prone to decomposition and dissolution into the β-Li matrix with increasing annealing temperatures. TEM observations reveal that the black AlLi phase consists of numerous nano-phase clusters, with a small number of residual dislocations around them due to insufficient annealing time. Solution strengthening is identified as the main factor enhancing the strength and microhardness of the LAZW8320 and Mg-11Li-3Al-2Zn-0.2Y (LAZW11320) alloys. As the annealing temperature rises, the dissolved atoms of the AlLi phase in these alloys gradually incre ase, promoting the growth of interaction and deformation energy, which is beneficial for the improvement of strength and hardness. Additionally, the dissolved atoms in the AlLi phase pin the dislocation lines, impeding their smooth movement and increasing the pinning stress, thereby increasing the strength and microhardness.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1442 - 1459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Near Immersion Active Cooling Technology on the Formation and Microstructure of Directed Energy Deposition-Arc Inconel 718 Alloy 近浸没主动冷却技术对定向能沉积电弧Inconel 718合金形成及组织的影响

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01819-1

Pengcheng Huan, Fei Teng, Xiaonan Wang, Lijia He, Yawei Song, Zhentao Wang, Qingyu Zhang, Hongshuang Di

引用次数: 0

Improved Microstructural and Mechanical Properties Inhomogeneity of a Large-Scale AZ91D Magnesium Alloy Billet by Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Casting 低频电磁铸造改善AZ91D镁合金方坯组织和力学性能的不均匀性

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01823-5

Biaobiao Liu, Lei Song, Hongxia Wang, Jian Wang, Quanfu Zhang, Naidong Ren, Lifei Wang, Weili Cheng, Hua Hou, Kwang Seon Shin

{"title":"Improved Microstructural and Mechanical Properties Inhomogeneity of a Large-Scale AZ91D Magnesium Alloy Billet by Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Casting","authors":"Biaobiao Liu, Lei Song, Hongxia Wang, Jian Wang, Quanfu Zhang, Naidong Ren, Lifei Wang, Weili Cheng, Hua Hou, Kwang Seon Shin","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01823-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01823-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effects of low-frequency electromagnetic field on the homogeneity of microstructure and mechanical properties of Φ530 mm AZ91D magnesium alloy were investigated. Given the Lorentz force, velocity variations and temperature distribution under different electromagnetic conditions, the grain refinement mechanism and improving microstructure uniformity by low-frequency electromagnetic field were discussed in detail. Results show that the grain sizes decreased from 224.91–355.29 μm (direct-chill (DC) casting) to 203.91–235.56 μm at the frequency of 17 Hz, and the thick dendrites disappeared. The low-frequency electromagnetic field can increase the nucleation driving force of α-Mg and reduce the critical nucleus radius, thereby enhancing the nucleation rate. Additionally, forced convection could reintroduce fractured dendrites into the melt, thereby promoting heterogeneous nucleation. The precipitation of the β-Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub> was promoted as a result of the low-frequency electromagnetic field accelerating the cooling rate of the melt. Al<sup>3+</sup> moved in a helical trajectory towards the edge of the ingot under the influence of the magnetic field, resulting in a significantly higher content of the β-Mg<sub>17</sub>Al<sub>12</sub> at R/2 and the edge of the ingot. In addition, the application of a low-frequency electromagnetic field enhanced the mechanical properties of the alloy while diminishing the performance disparity between different regions of the casting.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1479 - 1495"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Initial Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of AA1050/AA2024 Laminated Metal Composite Fabricated by Accumulative Roll Bonding Process 初始显微组织对累积辊焊工艺制备AA1050/AA2024复合材料力学性能的影响

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01822-6

P. Satjabut, V. Uthaisangsuk

{"title":"Effects of Initial Microstructure on Mechanical Properties of AA1050/AA2024 Laminated Metal Composite Fabricated by Accumulative Roll Bonding Process","authors":"P. Satjabut, V. Uthaisangsuk","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01822-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01822-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, effects of initial microstructures on tensile properties and bending performances of AA2024/AA1050 laminated metal composite (LMC) produced by accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process at elevated temperature were investigated. The AA2024 alloy was primarily subjected to T3 and annealing treatments. Instead of Al<sub>2</sub>Cu phase in the annealed alloy, the T3 aged alloy contained Al<sub>2</sub>CuMg precipitate, which effectively impeded grain growth during the ARB. Moreover, two initial conditions of the AA1050 alloy were considered, namely, annealing prior to cold-rolling and reverse step, resulting in elongated and recrystallized structures, respectively. The precipitates in the AA2024-T3 alloy provided layers with finer grains and greatly increased high angle grain boundaries, leading to laminates having the highest yield and tensile strength which were 56% and 20% larger than those composed of the annealed alloys, respectively. On the other hand, elongations and toughness of LMCS produced by ultimately annealed AA1050 alloy were 3.6 and 2.5 times higher than those consisted of the aged and rolled alloys, accordingly, due to lower layer waviness and reduced strength incompatibility between constituent layers. In bending test, the achievable stresses of LMCs were governed by stronger layers, while stress decline state and resulted bending toughness were attributed to crack onset at the bottom layer. Combining with the softer annealed AA2024-T3 alloy caused more uniform stress transfer, strain distribution and thus delayed crack initiation, whereas bending strength of LMCs could be increased up to 96% when using the aged and rolled alloy sheets.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"31 5","pages":"1460 - 1478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reaction Mechanism of MgAl2O4 Refractories in Contact with a Liquid Ferromanganese Metal MgAl2O4耐火材料与液态锰铁金属接触的反应机理

IF 3.3 3区材料科学

Metals and Materials International Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1007/s12540-024-01820-8

Jaewoo Myung, Jiwon Park, Kyung-Ho Kim, Hiroyuki Shibata, Yunki Byeun, Yongsug Chung

{"title":"Reaction Mechanism of MgAl2O4 Refractories in Contact with a Liquid Ferromanganese Metal","authors":"Jaewoo Myung, Jiwon Park, Kyung-Ho Kim, Hiroyuki Shibata, Yunki Byeun, Yongsug Chung","doi":"10.1007/s12540-024-01820-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12540-024-01820-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A reaction mechanism is suggested for two types of MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> refractories; a MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and a MgO-rich MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, which were reacted with a liquid ferromanganese metal. The finger rotating test (FRT) technique was adopted and experiments were carried out at 1873 K. After the experiments, each refractory was analyzed by X-ray computed tomography, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. When the MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was in contact with the liquid ferromanganese metal, complex (Mg,Mn)(Mn,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> layers were formed at the surface of the refractory. It acted as a passive layer since manganese ions did not penetrate into the bulk of the refractory with increasing reaction time. However, when the MgO-rich MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was in contact with liquid ferromanganese metal, manganese ions selectively penetrated through the MgO grains, which led to the formation of a (Mg<sub>x</sub>Mn<sub>1-x</sub>)O solid solution. The penetration depth increased both with increasing reaction time and rotating speed. The characteristics of the reaction layers were analyzed by XRD and EDX and, a possible mechanism to form these layers was suggested based on thermodynamic consideration.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":703,"journal":{"name":"Metals and Materials International","volume":"30 12","pages":"3513 - 3522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142778556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0