Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis最新文献_第2页

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in multiple sclerosis: Recent findings of clinical studies and animal models. 经颅直流电刺激对多发性硬化症的影响：临床研究和动物模型的最新发现。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.55782/yt66ak85

Maedeh Hashemi, Mohammad Hassan Tajik, Parinaz Javanbakht, Fatemeh Taghizadeh, Davood Zarini, Sina Mojaverrostami

{"title":"Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation in multiple sclerosis: Recent findings of clinical studies and animal models.","authors":"Maedeh Hashemi, Mohammad Hassan Tajik, Parinaz Javanbakht, Fatemeh Taghizadeh, Davood Zarini, Sina Mojaverrostami","doi":"10.55782/yt66ak85","DOIUrl":"10.55782/yt66ak85","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting millions worldwide, leading to significant disability. Current treatments focus on symptom management and reducing disease exacerbations. Noninvasive brain stimulation techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have emerged as potential therapies due to their ability to modulate cortical excitability and neuroplasticity. This review explores the therapeutic potential of tDCS in MS patients by summarizing human and animal studies investigating its effects. Literature was systematically reviewed from inception to October 2024 using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Key findings include tDCS's ability to alleviate symptoms such as pain, fatigue, cognitive impairment, and motor dysfunction in MS patients. Mechanistically, tDCS is proposed to influence neurotransmitter modulation, inflammatory pathways, and neuronal networks, promoting neuroprotection and functional recovery. Moreover, preclinical studies in MS animal models suggest that tDCS may reduce inflammation, promote remyelination, and enhance neuronal survival. These insights underscore tDCS as a promising adjunctive therapy for MS, potentially improving quality of life and mitigating disease progression. Further research is warranted to elucidate optimal stimulation parameters, long‑term effects, and broader applicability in clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"86 2","pages":"76-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microglia up‑regulate thromboxane A2 synthesis genes in response to C6 glioma‑conditioned medium. 小胶质细胞对C6胶质瘤条件培养基的反应上调血栓素A2合成基因。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.55782/z4j0rp75

Michał Dąbrowski, Beata Kaza, Bartłomiej Gielniewski, Bartosz Wojtaś, Bożena Kamińska, Marta Maleszewska

{"title":"Microglia up‑regulate thromboxane A2 synthesis genes in response to C6 glioma‑conditioned medium.","authors":"Michał Dąbrowski, Beata Kaza, Bartłomiej Gielniewski, Bartosz Wojtaś, Bożena Kamińska, Marta Maleszewska","doi":"10.55782/z4j0rp75","DOIUrl":"10.55782/z4j0rp75","url":null,"abstract":"Microglia accumulate in malignant gliomas and play a pivotal role in tumor progression. Using single‑cell RNA sequencing studies researchers have probed gene expression in the myeloid cells in experimental gliomas at relatively late stages of the tumor development. Therefore, the early changes in gene expression in microglia in response to glioma are not fully characterized. We have previously reported distinct profiles of gene expression in the rat primary microglia cultures treated for 6 hours with either rat C6 glioma‑conditioned medium (GCM) or lipopolysaccharide. In the current study, using RNA‑seq, we characterized the transcriptional response of rat primary microglia to GCM in vitro at different time‑points: 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h, as compared to the control treated for 6 h with its own medium. We observed that during the GCM treatment gene expression changes in a biphasic, swing‑like pattern. This includes the genes involved in innate immune response, which are mostly down‑regulated at 6 h by the GCM treatment, as compared to the time‑matched control, and subsequently up‑regulated at 48 h, as compared to the earlier time‑points of the GCM treatment. Conversely, the genes involved in the cell cycle are up‑regulated at 6 h and down‑regulated at 48 h, which coincides with the induction of Tgfb1. Notable exceptions to this biphasic pattern include key genes activating immune response, such as Tlr9 and Myd88, which are down‑regulated early and persistently, while genes inhibiting immune activation, such as Trem1, and genes involved in a metabolic switch, such as Pfkl, are persistently up‑regulated. Most notably, the up‑regulated genes include Ptgs1 (alias Cox1) and Tbxas1, which encode the enzymes catalyzing the synthesis of thromboxane A2, a known inducer of T cell suppression. Further studies are needed to test the functional consequences of their up‑regulation.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"86 2","pages":"63-75"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LRRK2 mutations: at the crossroads of dopamine, iron, and calcium imbalance in Parkinson's disease. LRRK2突变：帕金森病中多巴胺、铁和钙失衡的十字路口

IF 1.9 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.55782/kre63y59

Weronika Skarżyńska, Aleksandra Moskal, Jacek Kuźnicki

{"title":"LRRK2 mutations: at the crossroads of dopamine, iron, and calcium imbalance in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Weronika Skarżyńska, Aleksandra Moskal, Jacek Kuźnicki","doi":"10.55782/kre63y59","DOIUrl":"10.55782/kre63y59","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. The G2019S mutation in the leucine‑rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene is the most common genetic cause of familial and sporadic PD. In dopaminergic neurons, increased kinase activity caused by LRRK2‑G2019S mutation impairs synaptic vesicle recycling and dopamine storage, increasing cytosolic dopamine, which is prone to oxidation and generates reactive oxygen species. Simultaneously, the mutation alters iron metabolism through Rab misregulation, increasing iron uptake and lysosomal dysfunction, further amplifying oxidative stress and creating a pro‑ferroptotic environment. At the same time, dysregulated calcium signaling, driven by the enhanced activity of L‑type calcium channels and impaired mitochondrial calcium buffering via the mitochondrial calcium uniporter, enhances mitochondrial dysfunction. This minireview integrates current evidence linking LRRK2‑G2019S to these pathological pathways, highlighting this mutation's role in dopamine, iron, and calcium imbalance. Understanding this molecular interplay may provide novel insights into PD pathogenesis and guide the development of targeted neuroprotective therapies.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"86 2","pages":"93-108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic pinacidil attenuates the pentylenetetrazole‑induced kindling in rats. 慢性pinacidil可减弱大鼠戊四唑诱导的点火。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2026-02-27 DOI: 10.55782/d9kdzx42

Artur Teixeira Pereira, Erica Aparecida Gelfuso, Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho, Rene Oliveira Beleboni

{"title":"Chronic pinacidil attenuates the pentylenetetrazole‑induced kindling in rats.","authors":"Artur Teixeira Pereira, Erica Aparecida Gelfuso, Luiz Luciano Falconi-Sobrinho, Rene Oliveira Beleboni","doi":"10.55782/d9kdzx42","DOIUrl":"10.55782/d9kdzx42","url":null,"abstract":"Seizures in epilepsy result from excessive neuronal electrical discharges. Imbalances in potassium homeostasis can increase neuronal excitability and trigger epileptic seizures. Drugs that enhance potassium currents are expected to suppress seizures. Pinacidil, an ATP‑sensitive potassium channel opener, has shown anticonvulsant effects in acute seizure models in rodents. However, its effects following chronic systemic administration in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-kindled rats remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of long‑term pinacidil treatment in the PTZ‑kindling model of epilepsy. Male Wistar Hannover rats were treated intraperitoneally with pinacidil 30 min before each PTZ injection, administered intraperitoneally every other day for 27 days (14 injections). Behavioral responses were recorded for 30 min immediately after each PTZ injection. Twenty‑four hours after the last PTZ injection, animals underwent the rotarod test and were then euthanized for toxicological analysis of renal and hepatic biochemical markers in serum. Chronic pinacidil treatment prevented the development of PTZ‑induced kindling. Biochemical data showed that chronic pinacidil did not provoke changes in serum creatinine and urea levels or in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. These findings suggest that long‑term administration of pinacidil impairs the progression of PTZ‑induced kindling without causing nephrotoxic or hepatotoxic effects.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"86 1","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Projections from thalamic nucleus reuniens to medial septum enable extinction of remote fear memory. 从丘脑联合核到内侧隔的投射使远程恐惧记忆消失。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.55782/zd27ss41

Kamil F Tomaszewski, Olga Gajewska-Woźniak, Magdalena Ziółkowska, Kacper Łukasiewicz, Anna Cały, Narges Sotoudeh, Monika Puchalska, Ahmad Salamian, Kasia Radwańska

引用次数: 0

Pharmacological modulation of anxiety‑like and depression‑like behaviors in nerve‑ligated mice: regarding the effects of citicoline and bupropion. 神经结扎小鼠焦虑样和抑郁样行为的药理调节：关于胞胆碱和安非他酮的作用。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.55782/c6vq8k73

Bardia Hajikarimloo, Negar Raissi-Dehkordi, Nastaran Raissi-Dehkordi, Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast, Fatemeh Khakpai

{"title":"Pharmacological modulation of anxiety‑like and depression‑like behaviors in nerve‑ligated mice: regarding the effects of citicoline and bupropion.","authors":"Bardia Hajikarimloo, Negar Raissi-Dehkordi, Nastaran Raissi-Dehkordi, Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast, Fatemeh Khakpai","doi":"10.55782/c6vq8k73","DOIUrl":"10.55782/c6vq8k73","url":null,"abstract":"Neuropathic pain is a condition that results from nerve injury. There is a relationship between neuropathic pain and mood disorders. Citicoline, when used as a dietary supplement, exhibits neuroprotective, antidepressant, and anxiolytic properties. Moreover, bupropion is an atypical antidepressant with unique pharmacologic properties. We sought to investigate the effects of citicoline and bupropion as well as their possible interaction on the control of anxiety‑ and depression‑like behaviors in nerve‑ligated mice. Unilateral sciatic nerve ligation was performed on the right hind limb. Anxiety‑ and depression‑like behaviors were measured using the elevated plus‑maze and the tail suspension test, respectively. The results showed that sciatic nerve ligation decreased the percentage of time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus‑maze and increased the immobility time in the tail suspension test, displaying anxiogenic‑ and depressant‑like responses in the nerve‑ligated mice. Intraperitoneal administration of citicoline increased the percentage of time spent in the open arms and diminished the immobility time of the tail suspension test compared to the saline group, showing anxiolytic and antidepressant‑like responses. Additionally, the injection of bupropion induced antianxiety‑ and antidepressant‑like responses increasing the percentage of time spent in the open arms and reducing immobility time in nerve‑ligated mice. Co‑injection of bupropion and citicoline potentiated the antidepressant property of bupropion in nerve‑ligated mice. Additionally, we determined an additive effect between bupropion and citicoline on the generation of anxiolytic and antidepressant‑like behaviors in the nerve‑ligated mice. Based on these results, we concluded that there is a crosstalk between bupropion and citicoline in the control of anxiety‑ and depression‑like behaviors in the nerve‑ligated mice.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"86 1","pages":"53-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of adrenergic receptor modulators on nuclear LCC‑channels in Purkinje neurons. 肾上腺素能受体调节剂对浦肯野神经元核LCC通道的影响。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.55782/j42ygh03

Olena Kotyk, Serhii Nadtoka, Tetiana Vynohradova, Amelia Taghavi, Serhii Marchenko, Anna Kotliarova

{"title":"Effects of adrenergic receptor modulators on nuclear LCC‑channels in Purkinje neurons.","authors":"Olena Kotyk, Serhii Nadtoka, Tetiana Vynohradova, Amelia Taghavi, Serhii Marchenko, Anna Kotliarova","doi":"10.55782/j42ygh03","DOIUrl":"10.55782/j42ygh03","url":null,"abstract":"Large conductance cation channels (LCC‑channels), located in the nuclear membrane, are potential mediators of potassium (K+) countercurrent during calcium ion (Ca2+) release from intracellular stores. This study examined the effects of epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoprenaline, and propranolol on the electrophysiological properties of these channels to evaluate their potential as blocking agents in future studies of LCC‑channel involvement in Ca2+ release. The patch‑clamp method, using voltage‑clamp mode and a nucleus‑attached configuration, was employed to record currents passing through LCC‑channels in Purkinje cell nuclei. The effectiveness of Ca2+ blocking was estimated by analyzing changes in current amplitude and the probability of the channels being in an open state. All tested adrenergic receptor modulators decreased current amplitude through LCC‑channels at negative membrane potentials to varying extents, while no changes in amplitude were found for positive applied potentials for any compound. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and propranolol demonstrated blocking capabilities comparable to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) modulators under similar conditions. Notably, only norepinephrine significantly inhibited the open‑state probability of LCC‑channels, whereas isoprenaline increased this parameter and induced rapid flickering. Furthermore, isoprenaline produced a greater reduction in current amplitude through LCC‑channels than the other compounds.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"86 1","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Slow‑releasing CO donor CORM‑A1 modulates depression‑like behavior in experimental model of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. 缓释CO供体CORM - A1在慢性前列腺炎/慢性盆腔疼痛综合征实验模型中调节抑郁样行为

IF 1.9 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.55782/xngw5w23

Nikola Šutulović, Neriman Ezgin, Emilija Đjurić, Željko Grubač, Milena Vesković, Dušan Mladenović, Yavuz Dodurga, Aleksandra Rašić-Marković, Olivera Stanojlović, Dragan Hrncic

{"title":"Slow‑releasing CO donor CORM‑A1 modulates depression‑like behavior in experimental model of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome.","authors":"Nikola Šutulović, Neriman Ezgin, Emilija Đjurić, Željko Grubač, Milena Vesković, Dušan Mladenović, Yavuz Dodurga, Aleksandra Rašić-Marković, Olivera Stanojlović, Dragan Hrncic","doi":"10.55782/xngw5w23","DOIUrl":"10.55782/xngw5w23","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic pain conditions are often linked with depression, a common chronic mental health disorder that severely impairs quality of life. This association is particularly present in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). CP/CPPS is a prevalent urological disorder characterized by pelvic pain accompanied by neuropsychiatric comorbidities such as depression, for which underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Recently, anti‑inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of carbon monoxide‑releasing molecules (CORMs) have been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CO releaser, CORM‑A1 could have beneficial effects on depressive‑like behavior in an animal model of CP/CPPS. Adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups (Sham‑PBS, Sham‑CORM, CP/CPPS‑PBS and CP/CPPS‑CORM), receiving intraprostatic injections of saline or λ‑carrageenan, followed by daily treatments with PBS or CORM‑A1 for seven days. Pain thresholds were measured by von Frey esthesiometer, while depression‑like behaviors were assessed by the forced swimming test (FST). CP/CPPS rats exhibited mechanical hyperalgesia which has been significantly diminished by CORM‑A1 administration. CORM‑A1 treatment caused a significant decrease in floating time and a significant increase in swimming time in CP/CPPS rats compared to those treated with vehicle (CP/CPPS‑PBS group). Correlation analysis showed a significant link between pain threshold and FST floating time as indicator of depressive‑like behaviors. These findings suggest that CORM‑A1 beneficially modulates pain perception and depressive‑like behaviors in CP/CPPS rats.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"86 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular and circuit mechanisms underlying interhemispheric communication in the mammalian brain. 哺乳动物大脑半球间通讯的分子和电路机制。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.55782/85vnmg24

Jan Jabłonka, Anna Sztencel, Magdalena Rucińska, Maria Kolas

{"title":"Molecular and circuit mechanisms underlying interhemispheric communication in the mammalian brain.","authors":"Jan Jabłonka, Anna Sztencel, Magdalena Rucińska, Maria Kolas","doi":"10.55782/85vnmg24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55782/85vnmg24","url":null,"abstract":"Interhemispheric communication is a fundamental feature of the mammalian brain, supporting the bilateral integration of sensory, motor, cognitive, and emotional processes. While the corpus callosum has long been recognized as the principal commissural pathway, recent advances have illuminated a far more complex molecular and circuit‑level architecture. This review synthesizes evidence from neuroanatomy, electrophysiology, molecular neuroscience, and neuroimaging to outline how interhemispheric signaling is organized and dynamically regulated. Fast excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission provides the scaffold for callosal transfer, while neuromodulatory systems, including dopaminergic, cholinergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic pathways, introduce a chemical layer of regulation that tunes excitability, synchrony, and hemispheric dominance. Developmental processes involving axon guidance molecules and neurotrophins shape the establishment of commissural networks, whereas activity‑dependent plasticity refines functional architecture of these networks across the lifespan. Importantly, interhemispheric interactions are not static but fluctuate dynamically according to behavioral demands, as demonstrated by recent models of dynamic laterality. Disruption of these lateralized processes is implicated in a broad spectrum of conditions, including stroke, dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and mood disorders. By bridging cellular, molecular, and systems‑level insights, this review highlights interhemispheric communication as a key organizing principle of brain function and a promising target for therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring interhemispheric balance.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"85 3-4","pages":"196-260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Astrocytic neurotransmitter receptors (astro‑glioreceptors) and their role in neuroplasticity. 星形胶质细胞神经递质受体及其在神经可塑性中的作用。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.55782/esvr6218

Monika Liguz-Lęcznar, Malgorzata Kossut

{"title":"Astrocytic neurotransmitter receptors (astro‑glioreceptors) and their role in neuroplasticity.","authors":"Monika Liguz-Lęcznar, Malgorzata Kossut","doi":"10.55782/esvr6218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55782/esvr6218","url":null,"abstract":"Astrocytes express a set of neurotransmitter receptors (glioreceptors) that enable them to regulate synaptic transmission and neuroplasticity, and to function as integral partners in synaptic signaling and the modification of neural circuits. This review presents the current understanding of how glioreceptors on astrocytes (astro‑gliorecptors) mediate bidirectional communication between neurons and glia across major neurotransmitter systems. The review focuses on receptors for glutamate, GABA, acetylcholine, monoamines, neuropeptides, opioids, and purines. Through these receptors, astrocytes can modulate synaptic strength, LTP and LTD expression, network dynamics, and state‑dependent modulation of arousal and reward circuits. Despite potentially having lower receptor density than neurons, astrocytes can amplify their functional impact through unique structural properties, such as extensive process arborisation, contact with thousands of synapses, and the formation of electrically coupled syncytia that propagate calcium waves across neural networks. Metabolic integration via glycogen regulation, lactate production, and gliotransmitter release modulates neuronal excitability and synaptic strength. Therefore, astrocytes can be viewed as integrators of neuronal activity patterns and gatekeepers of experience‑dependent plasticity, essential for maintaining synaptic homeostasis and enabling adaptive behavioral responses. Astro‑glioreceptors dysfunctions contribute to neurological and psychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and depression. Therefore, targeting specific glioreceptor subtypes represents a promising therapeutic strategy for modulating neural circuits while minimizing neuronal side effects.","PeriodicalId":7032,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis","volume":"85 3-4","pages":"158-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0