农业科学与技术:B最新文献

{"title":"Mathematical Modeling of Drying in a New Concept of Silo-Dryer-Aerator and the Quality of Soybean Seeds (Glycine max (L.) Merrill)","authors":"Paulo Carteri Coradi, Ângelo Francisco Calegare Lemes, Jonatas Ibagé Steinhaus, Amanda Müller, Charline Zaratin Alves","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.002","url":null,"abstract":": The aim of this study was to model and validate a new concept of a silo-dryer-aerator for the drying of soybean seeds and determine the quality of the seeds in function of the air temperatures in the drying. Soybeans with water contents of 17% (w.b.) were dried and stored in a silo-dryer-aerator system that was designed with a drying chamber and four independent storage cells in the air drying temperatures at 30, 40 and 50 °C in silo-dryer-aerator. The drying in the air temperature at 30 °C in the cell C1 the diffusion approximation model was the one that best fit the data, in the cell C2 the Newton model prevailed and in the cells C3 and C4 the Midilli model. In the drying with air temperature of 40 °C in the cell C1 the Page model was the one that better adjusted the data, whereas in the cell C2 the model of diffusion approximation determined the best fit, while in the cells C3 and C4 the Page model obtained better fit. In the drying with air temperature of 50 °C in the cells C1, C2, C3 and C4 the logarithm model was the one that best represented the fit of the data. The increase in the drying air temperature to 50 °C decreased the quality of soybeans seeds. In the upper and middle part of the cells there was an increase in electrical conductivity (140.02 μ S/cm/g) and germination (53%) compared with the lower dryer position.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Agroecological Techniques by Smallholder Farmers to Improve Sorghum Productivity in Burkina Faso","authors":"Zomboudré Georges, Youma Issaka Abdoulaye, Batta Fatou, Kaboré Roger, Bourgou Tsuamba, Gubbels Peter","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth Rate of Kappaphycus striatum var cottonii at Different Positions of the Cultivation Lines to the Direction of Water Current","authors":"Cherry Nian, Jainal Akrim, Didang Shara Jumah, Rafsanjani Samimi","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.006","url":null,"abstract":": The study was conducted to determine the effects of different positions in cultivation lines towards the direction of water current on growth rate of Kappaphycus striatum var. cottonii for a duration of 45 d at 4°30 ′ 9.36 ″ N and 119°22 ′ 6.8 ″ E of Bungin Pondohan, Sitangkai, Tawi-Tawi. The experiment has three treatments; the parallel (T1), perpendicular (T2) and diagonal (T3) positions towards the direction of water current with five replicates in each treatment following the randomized complete block design (RCBD). Results showed that higher mean weight of 473 g and growth increment of 8.3 g/d were obtained from T3, although not significantly different from T1 and T2 with 431 g and 7.4 g/d, and 408 g and 6.8 g/d, respectively ( p > 0.05). However, results showed statistically similar growth rates of K. striatum var cottonii among all treatments. Thus, the positions of cultivation lines with respect to the direction of the current have no significant effect on the growth of the said seaweed species. Hence, the treatments used are viable in growing K. striatum var. cottonii in the selected study site.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance of the Eucalyptus Wood in Natura and Torrefied Exposed to the Attack of Cryptotermes brevis","authors":"Vinícius Resende de Castro, Matheus Perdigão de Castro Freitas Pereira, Paula Gabriela Surdi, Matheus da Silva Berger, José Cola Zanuncio, Angélica de Cássia Carneiro","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"The reduced natural durability and low energy density of eucalyptus wood hampers its use to generate energy. Torrefaction or pre-carbonization, treatment in low oxygenation with temperatures between 200 °C and 300 °C, accumulates carbon and lignin, decreases hygroscopicity, increases energy efficiency and reduces the wood attractiveness to xylophagous organisms, such as termites. Therefore, this work had as its main aim to study the influence of the roasting temperature on the endurance of the Eucalyptus urophylla wood in natura as well as roasted, both exposed to the attack of dry-wood termites. To the execution of this study, in natura wood chips and torrefied chips (torrefied for 20 min at the following temperatures: 180, 220 and 260 °C) were submitted to the dry-wood termite resistance test. In this experiment, termites of the Cryptotermes brevis species were used. After 45 d of exposure, it was possible to observe that the torrefied treatment presented a greater resistance that consequently increased the endurance when exposed to the termite’s attack, observing that the control sample, loss five times more than mass than the chips torrefied at 260 °C. Besides, in the treatment with in natura chips, was observed less mortality of the termites and greater visual damage, confirming the lower durability of such material compared to torrefied chips.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Heat Treatment on Interaction of Green Tea Flavonoids with Milk Proteins","authors":"Zerrin Yüksel Önür, Elif Avcı","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"Several heat treatment norms are applied in the dairy industry during the manufacture of various products. The knowledge on the influence of temperature on the proteins-flavonoid binding is critical for optimization of process conditions. The aim of this study was to establish the effect of heat treatment on the interaction between milk proteins and flavonoids and also determine when to apply heat treatment. Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis revealed that free flavonoids decreased in the presence of milk proteins and a binding ratio (%) was calculated based on this decrease. Three different heat treatment norms were selected (80, 85 and 90 °C  10 min). Analyses were carried out in both sodium caseinate and skimmed milk samples to observe the possible effect of milk serum proteins on the interaction. The binding ratio between flavonoids and proteins was found to be higher in the samples where green tea extract (GTE) was added before heat treatment than in the samples where GTE was added after heat treatment in both the skimmed milk and sodium caseinate systems. Results of protein surface hydrophobicity (PSH) index and protein partition also demonstrated that heat treatment must be applied after the addition of GTE to improve the amount of GTE binding to milk proteins.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality and Antioxidant Properties of Black Carrot (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens Alef.) Fiber Fortified Flat Bread (Gaziantep Pita)","authors":"Hatice Pekmez, B. Yılmaz","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"Cereal-fruit and/or cereal-vegetable combined system has been increasing due to high antioxidant status of cereal products. In present study, the quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of Gaziantep pita (regional flat bread in Turkey) fortified with black carrot fiber (BCF) were evaluated. The changes of total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA), color, physical and sensorial characteristics of Gaziantep pita were examined the effect of BCF addition from 0% to 7.5% (w/w). There is a regular increase for TPC and AA of both outer and inner parts of the bread due to BCF level used. Physical properties were not affected by BCF addition up to 2.5% level. The higher the BCF level use resulted in the darker color of outer and inner parts of the bread. Overall acceptability bread containing all BCF levels is not different from control sample. BCF fortification of flat bread is a simple way to increase antioxidant content and provide more attractive appearance. It could be an alternative way to produce functional bread type for healthy diet.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Microsprinkler to Determine the Crop Coefficient in Tomato Seedling Cultivated with Hydroretentor","authors":"Catariny Cabral Aleman, Flávio Campos Bastos","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.08.004","url":null,"abstract":": The objective of this study was to obtain the weekly crop coefficient ( Kc ) for tomato seedlings in substratum with waterproofing polymer and irrigated by automatic system of localized irrigation. The experiment was conducted in an agricultural greenhouse located in the irrigation experimental area of the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Viçosa-MG, Brazil. The crop coefficient ( Kc ) for tomato seedlings was obtained for the conditions of the experiment (in plastic trays of 128 cells, in greenhouse, in Viçosa-MG, for the spring/summer season), using the substrates with and without hydrogel. The irrigation system was micro sprinkler, consisting of four emitters per tray of seedlings, so that each tray constitutes an individualized experimental unit. The method for estimation of reference evapotranspiration was Penman-Monteith FAO56. The weighing lysimetry was used to obtain the variation of the tray mass from the evapotranspiration of the culture. Two consecutive daily weights, spaced at intervals of 60 min (during the morning shift), were performed for five sample units (SU) arranged in a completely randomized design in the greenhouse. Each SU was composed of a tray of 128 cells. The values of Kc obtained were used to calibrate the crop evapotranspiration ( ETc ) estimates used in the later stages. Weekly Kc values were generated. Irrigation was managed so that the crop did not undergo water stress during the moulting phase. For the conditions tested it was possible to obtain Kc values between 0.72 and 2.86 for the substrate without hydrogel and 0.81 to 3.46 for the substrate with hydrogel. It should be considered that the production stage of seedlings is very demanding in water and in protected environment conditions it is possible to obtain high Kc values.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Antibacterial Potential of Plant Extracts and in Vivo Ilex paraguariensis Effect on Oreochromis niloticus Physiology and Resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila","authors":"Micheli Becker, Maria Alice Nunes, Vanessa Gomes da Silva, Carlos Jose Raupp Ramos, Silvia Romão, Luciano Tormen, Luisa Helena Cazarolli","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to investigate the antibacterial potential of garlic (Allium sativum), pinus (Pinus elliottii), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.), yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and guava tree (Psidium guajava Linn.) in vitro and the effect of yerba mate supplementation on Oreochromis niloticus physiology and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila. The in vitro antibacterial potential of the plants was verified by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method and by the antimicrobial sensitivity test (TSA). The in vivo assay was performed using diet supplementation with yerba mate and challenge with A. hydrophila. After the supplementation and challenge periods biochemical, immune and physiological parameters were evaluated. The in vitro assays showed that only yerba mate presented antibacterial potential against A. hydrophila and no one of the plant extracts were effective against Streptococcus agalactiae. The use of yerba mate in the diet did not influence the immune and metabolic status of O. niloticus. Also, the supplementation did not act as a growth promoter for the fishes. Considering the challenge of O. niloticus with A. hydrophila, the yerba mate did not improve the resistance of the fishes to the bacteria. The yerba mate extract presented potential to be used as an antibacterial agent for fish diseases. Also, more detailed studies are necessary to stablish effective doses and times required for fish treatments.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Analysis of the Economic Benefits of Ochroma pyramidale: A Case Study of Forest Planting in Brazil","authors":"Ricardo Hideaki Miyajima, Vitória Castro Santos Barreto, Paulo André de Oliveira, Gislaine Cristina Batistela, Danilo Simões","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.07.004","url":null,"abstract":": The forest investment projects, analyzed through the application of simulation techniques, allow measuring more accurately the benefits or losses, considering the systemic uncertainties related to forest plantation. In this perspective, the objective of this study was to identify the relative importance of sources of uncertainties in determining the net present value (NPV) of planting of Ochroma pyramidale on a forested property located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Thus, it assigns probability distributions to the parameters with uncertainties and applies the Monte Carlo technique to obtain the stochastic behavior of the NPV, of the modified internal rate of return (MIRR) and the profitability index (PI). The probabilistic results of the quantitative methods analyzed allowed us to conclude that for the planting O. pyramidale , with 5-year cutting age, indicated economic profitability. In addition, there is a probability that 84.6% of the project will add economic value to the invested capital.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Development and Germination of Immature Embryos of Sweet Oranges Parson Brown and Pineapple (Citrus sinensis)","authors":"Karim Mahmoudi, Najat Handaji, Mohammed Ibriz, Najat Arsalane, Tarik Aderdour, Kawtar Label, Hanae Ennaciri, Hamid Benyahya","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2018.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2018.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"Oranges are classified as the most traded fruit variety worldwide. The diversification of the varietal profile of this group is among the objectives of the Citrus breeding program. So, the creation of new triploid hybrids via immature embryos rescue, can lead to an increase in gene pool and produce seedless varieties. In addition, flow cytometry was successfully used for analyzing ploidy levels and genetic origin of triploid plants. The present study was aimed at optimizing immature embryos in vitro germination and plantlet development based on medium chemical composition of the two orange varieties, Pineapple and Parson Brown. When the fruit gets matured, they are harvested and the seeds extracted are classified according to their size. Only those which are small are cultured in a sterile Murashige and Tucker (MT) basal medium. The different concentrations of growth regulators are put to the test in order to gain the best medium for seeds development. M1 (MT + 1 mg/L gibberellic acid (GA3)), M2 (MT + 1 mg/L kenitin + 0.5 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 0.1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)), M3 (MT + 25 mg/L adenine sulfate (ADS)), M4 (MT + 0.5 mg/L kenitin + 0.5 mg/L BAP + 1 mg/L GA3). Percentage of germinated embryos (PGE) is the highest in M3 with 100% and 90% for both Pineapple and Parson Brown varieties, respectively. In addition, the germination interval average (GIA) is shorter in M1 for both varieties, which takes 6 d and 7 d, respectively. As regard to speed seedling growth (mm/week), both varieties undergo significant change in all four mediums. Similarly, the highest rate of acclimatization for the Pineapple and Parson Brown varieties is 80% and 90% in M1. In general, the smaller the embryos are, the more sensitive they are to culture medium composition. It is therefore essential to optimize the medium components in order to stimulate their in vitro development. Therefore, M1 (MT + 1 mg/L GA3) remains the best to promote short term good germination and produce a better rate of acclimatization.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67560044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}