农业科学与技术:B最新文献_第2页

Physicochemical and Thermal Characterization of the Spirulina platensis 螺旋藻的物理化学和热特性

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.05.004

Anny Manrich, J. Oliveira, M. A. Martins, L. Mattoso

引用次数: 3

Adoption Levels of Certain Tomato Cultivation Practices by Farmer Field Schools in Sudan 苏丹农民田间学校采用某些番茄栽培方法的水平

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.05.002

Simon Demaya Baka

引用次数: 2

Conception by a Process for Extruding Plastic Mulching Film with Cade Oil and Study of Snail Repellent and Anti-bacterial Adhesion Effects 凯德油挤出地膜工艺构想及驱螺抑菌黏附效果研究

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.05.001

Fatima Azzahra Louanjli, Bouchaib Bahlaouan, Asmaa Y. Fathi, Fatima Zahra Ozi, Meryem Hadidi, Souha Assaba, S. Antri, N. Boutaleb

引用次数: 0

Interference of Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase Gene QPT Affects Agronomic Traits and Leaf Quality in Nicotiana tabacum L. 喹啉酸磷酸核糖转移酶基因QPT的干扰对烟草农艺性状和叶片品质的影响。

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-08-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.003

Chun Wei, Zhixuan Du, L. Qin, De-gang Zhao

{"title":"Interference of Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase Gene QPT Affects Agronomic Traits and Leaf Quality in Nicotiana tabacum L.","authors":"Chun Wei, Zhixuan Du, L. Qin, De-gang Zhao","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRTase), a key enzyme in ensuring nicotinic acid is available for the synthesis of defensive pyridine alkaloids in Nicotiana species, also plays an important role in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis. In this study, the morphological traits, the quality characteristics and photosynthetic parameters in QPT-overexpressing/interfering tobacco plants were investigated, respectively. Results showed that the interference of QPT gene not only reduced significantly the morphological traits including plant height, stem girth, leaf number and leaf length, etc. at 20 days after transplanting (DAT), but the flowering period was delayed 10-15 d in interfered tobaccos compared with the overexpressed, control and wild-type counterparts. However, at 40 DAT and 60 DAT, only three indexes (plant height, stem girth and leaf number) in QPT-interfering plants appeared significant difference in comparison with other three types of tobacco lines. Meanwhile, the determination results from nicotine, sugar, K and Cl content showed the nicotine content in interfered plants was always significantly lower than that in overexpressed plants, control and the wild-type ones respectively whatever toppling or not. At the same time, the toppling treatment also caused the increasement of K content among the four different tobacco lines, but the maximum increase amplitude of K content was found in QPT-overexpressing tobaccos while the minimum appeared in QPT-interfering plants. Finally, QPT-interference in transgenic tobaccos likewise affected the photosynthesis by reducing net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomata conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr), while there was no significant difference between QPT-overexpressing plants and the controls and the wild-types.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49016084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Bioorganic Fertilizers on the Leaf Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Replanted Szechuan Pepper, Zanthoxylum simulans 生物有机肥对四川胡椒、模拟花椒复种叶片抗氧化酶活性及光合特性的影响

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-08-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.005

Shuheng Zhang, Jing He, Bin Wang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Qi Liu, Dedong Ding

{"title":"Effects of Bioorganic Fertilizers on the Leaf Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Replanted Szechuan Pepper, Zanthoxylum simulans","authors":"Shuheng Zhang, Jing He, Bin Wang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Qi Liu, Dedong Ding","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous cropping obstacles hamper the efficient growth and yield of Szechuan pepper, Zanthoxylum simulans. The current study investigated the impact of different levels of bioorganic fertilizer on the leaf physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of Z. simulans to provide a theoretical reference for continuous Z. simulans crop cultivation. A bioorganic fertilizer was used to treat seedlings growing in 25-year-old continuous cropping soil. Five fertilizer treatments were applied. The impacts of the treatments on the activity of defense enzyme and photosynthetic parameters of Z. simulans leaves were determined. The different concentrations of bioorganic fertilizer reduced to varying degrees the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and increased the activity of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), as well as the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of Z. simulans leaves. The results showed that most significant increases or decreases were achieved with 100 g/L bioorganic fertilizer (Y2). Thus, the application of bioorganic fertilizer at a rate of 100 g/L can significantly improve the activity of relevant defense enzymes and photosynthetic parameters of Z. simulans, and reduce the MDA content, enhancing the stress resistance of the plants, promoting their growth and addressing, to some extent, obstacles associated with continuous cultivation.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46424092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Association between Germination Vigour and Biochemical, Physiological, Subcellular Changes in Bambara Groundnut Seeds after Seed Scarification 斑节花生种子斯卡化后发芽活力与生化、生理、亚细胞变化的关系

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-08-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.002

Silindile Miya, A. Modi

{"title":"The Association between Germination Vigour and Biochemical, Physiological, Subcellular Changes in Bambara Groundnut Seeds after Seed Scarification","authors":"Silindile Miya, A. Modi","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2020.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"Seed storage reserves and organelles after scarification (chemical, mechanical, control) of bambara groundnut with different seed coat colours (cream, light brown and brown) were examined in relation to germination vigour. Seed storage proteins, oil and sugar content, starch granules and protein bodies, germination vigour index (GVI) and mean germination time (MGT) were measured. There were significant (p < 0.05) effects of seed scarification on protein body diameter, seed oil content and sugar content. Chemical scarification resulted in seeds having larger starch granules, followed by the control and mechanical scarification that resulted in seeds having smaller starch granules. Mechanical scarification had the highest (p > 0.05) protein density, followed by chemical scarification and control seeds that had the lowest protein density. Seeds from the control had the highest oil content, followed by seeds from mechanical scarification and seeds from chemical scarification that had the lowest oil content. Seeds from the control and chemical scarification had larger diameter of protein bodies and sugar content. Seed coat colour significantly (p < 0.05) influenced the area and diameter of protein bodies, starch granule area, seed sugar content. Brown seeds produced larger protein bodies and the highest oil content, while light brown seeds had larger area of starch granules and the highest sugar content. Seed storage reserves had an influence on bambara groundnut germination vigour. While favouring dark coloured seeds such as light brown and brown, bambara groundnut seed users should adapt chemical seed scarification to enhance germination vigour of this crop.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48010292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Marine Fishermen’s Perception about Consequences of Climate Change on Fisheries in Tamil Nadu State, India 海洋渔民对气候变化对印度泰米尔纳德邦渔业影响的看法

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-06-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.007

Kapparapu Sai Susmitha Bhargavi, Nambali Valsalan Sujathkumar, R. Santhakumar, P. Jawahar

{"title":"Marine Fishermen’s Perception about Consequences of Climate Change on Fisheries in Tamil Nadu State, India","authors":"Kapparapu Sai Susmitha Bhargavi, Nambali Valsalan Sujathkumar, R. Santhakumar, P. Jawahar","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"Global climate change has become a critical barrier in the twenty-first century and it alarms the marine fishermen to respond and react until conditions become more adverse. Interaction with climate by humans occurs at all levels, but recent research has focused on industries, technological and demographic aspects. So far, less attention has been paid to investigate the factors which affect perception and decision-making at the individual level. The uncertain condition of climate on marine fisheries from the last two decades had created drastic change in ecosystems as well as in the fishers’ livelihood. Fishers are the group who first experiences the bitter conditions of climate change on marine fisheries because their livelihood depends highly on the marine resources. Therefore, the fishers’ perception about the consequences of climate change on fisheries may help to emerge the fisheries by implicating certain productive management measures. The research has been carried out in the two southern coastal districts of Ramanathapuram and Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu state to find out the fishers’ perception of the consequences of climate change on fisheries. A sample size consisting of 120 marine fishermen were randomly selected and interviewed. The results inferred that increase in cost of fishing, increase in fishing investments, decline in fishing days, reduction in fish diversity and fish catches were the major consequences faced by fishers due to the climate change.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46619057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of Leafy Vegetables Need in Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Using the Diviner 2000 and the Isotopes Techniques: Case of Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) 利用Diviner 2000和同位素技术测定叶类蔬菜的水分和氮利用效率——以苋（Amaranthucruentus）为例

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-06-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.002

N. Coulibaly, L. Fondio, Thierry Lekadou, I. Sijali, M. F. D. P. N’gbesso, C. Kibunja

{"title":"Determination of Leafy Vegetables Need in Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Using the Diviner 2000 and the Isotopes Techniques: Case of Amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus)","authors":"N. Coulibaly, L. Fondio, Thierry Lekadou, I. Sijali, M. F. D. P. N’gbesso, C. Kibunja","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted to determine how the nitrogen (N) in the fertilisers can be quantified and what amounts of fertilizers should be given to leafy vegetables to achieve their requirements. This study also aimed to determine the efficient use of water by the plant. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block with three replicates and three levels of urea (T0 = 0 kg/ha, T1 = 43.5 kg/ha, T2 = 65 kg/ha). Estimation of growth parameters and biomass yield revealed that the treatments produced statistically identical values. But numerically, T1 (43.5 kg of urea/ha) gave the highest yields and T2 (65 kg of urea/ha) produced the lowest. It was the same for the determination of the water use efficiency (WUE) by the plant where T1 produced the highest values compared to T2. The yield curve as a function of the applied urea dose allowed the identification of the urea dose that corresponds to optimal yield in amaranth. From the dose of 65 kg of urea/ha, any increase becomes harmful to the plant. This results in a decrease in yield in the amaranth plant.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47965201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal Variable Combinations of Co-pelletization of Eucalyptus Sawdust and Natural Forest Sawdust 桉树木屑与天然林木屑共制粒的最佳变量组合

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-06-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.005

Weizhen Li, Yanqin Huang, Lin Lang, Yang Jiang, Yan Wang, Xiuli Yin

{"title":"Optimal Variable Combinations of Co-pelletization of Eucalyptus Sawdust and Natural Forest Sawdust","authors":"Weizhen Li, Yanqin Huang, Lin Lang, Yang Jiang, Yan Wang, Xiuli Yin","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"Eucalyptus sawdust is a residue from fast-growing forest processing. Utilization of Eucalyptus sawdust as fuel by co-pelletization with natural forest sawdust could solve problems of waste disposal and material supply limitation of pellet production. This work targeted at providing a useful reference for improving pellet properties and optimizing variable combinations. Experiments were arranged using response surface methodology with a central composite design and carried out using a uniaxial piston-cylinder densification apparatus. Based on the analysis of variance of effects of variables on responses, the optimal models were all selected as quadratic and expressed in the form of regression equations. The differences between adjusted R and predicted R are all within 0.2 and the adequate precision is all greater than four illustrating the reliability of the established models. The optimal variable combinations were obtained according to the desired response goals and validation experiments were conducted. Errors between response predicted and actual values were calculated and applied to improve the model accuracy. After modification, final errors were reduced to less than 9% and could be accepted by pellet production. Experimental results also demonstrated that pellet properties and higher heating value were all increased by co-pelletization and optimization. This will be very beneficial for pellet application. Furthermore, these results could provide the required data for designing a suitable machine of pellet production.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42503724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Rice AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN57 (OsABP57) Overexpression in Response to Flooding 水稻生长素结合蛋白57 (OsABP57)过表达对洪水响应的影响

农业科学与技术:B Pub Date : 2020-06-28 DOI: 10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.001

Zarith Ayunie Zambrose, Sitti Aisyah Mohd Roszelin, Nur Aminah Binti Mohd Hazbir, B. L. Chew, S. S. Jumali, Wan Asrina Wan Yahya, Nurulhikma Md Isa

{"title":"Effect of Rice AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN57 (OsABP57) Overexpression in Response to Flooding","authors":"Zarith Ayunie Zambrose, Sitti Aisyah Mohd Roszelin, Nur Aminah Binti Mohd Hazbir, B. L. Chew, S. S. Jumali, Wan Asrina Wan Yahya, Nurulhikma Md Isa","doi":"10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2020.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the effects of Oryza sativa AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN57 (OsABP57) overexpression towards flooding in rice. OsABP57 was previously reported to activate plasma membrane H-ATPase. Earlier studies address the ability of transgenic OsABP57 overexpression in enduring drought and salinity stresses but none on the flooding. In this study, complete submergence analysis was carried out and several morphophysiological parameters were analyzed such as plant height, root architecture and relative chlorophyll content. Results showed that there are no differences between OsABP57 overexpression rice compared to MR219 control rice in terms of chlorophyll content and plant height after 1-3 weeks of flooding treatments. Root analysis, however, found that transgenic rice OsABP57 produced more adventitious roots compared to MR219 rice under normal condition, which may be due to the role of the gene that encodes for auxin binding protein. The semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on Oryza sativa pyruvate decarboxylase (OsPDC) gene after two weeks of flooding treatment showed an increase of expression in OsABP57 transgenic compared to MR219. Overall, the overexpression of OsABP57 did not show any significant difference in terms of morphophysiological analysis between the transgenic line and MR219, yet, there is an increase of OsPDC gene in the transgenic background which may need further experimental analysis in the future to map the network between auxin and hypoxia core genes.","PeriodicalId":70192,"journal":{"name":"农业科学与技术:B","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46038327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2