Acta Naturae最新文献

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CNA Landscape of HER2-Negative Breast Cancer in Anthracycline-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens. 蒽环类新辅助化疗方案中HER2阴性癌症的CNA景观。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.20377
M K Ibragimova, E A Kravtsova, M M Tsyganov, N V Litviakov
{"title":"CNA Landscape of HER2-Negative Breast Cancer in Anthracycline-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens.","authors":"M K Ibragimova,&nbsp;E A Kravtsova,&nbsp;M M Tsyganov,&nbsp;N V Litviakov","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.20377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32607/actanaturae.20377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Critical evaluation of how and when to include anthracyclines in preoperative chemotherapy is becoming more relevant in an era when the molecular genetic approach not only allows for the development of biologically targeted therapeutics, but also implies the ability to select the patients likely to benefit from certain cytotoxic agents. Changes in the copy number aberration (CNA) landscape of luminal B HER2- negative (HER2-) breast cancer (BC) during anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) regimens were studied in order to identify groups of potential CNA markers of objective response and CNA markers for predicting the development of hematogenous metastasis. Comparison of CNA frequencies depending on the response to NAC showed that objective response was observed in a larger number of deletions in the 11q22.3 and 11q23.1 loci (<i>p</i> = 0.004). Comparison of CNA frequencies in groups of patients after treatment showed that hematogenous metastasis was observed with a greater number of amplifications in the 9p22.2 locus (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and with a greater number of deletions in the 9p21.3 locus (<i>p</i> = 0.03). Potential predictive CNA markers of objective response and prognostic CNA markers of hematogenous metastasis in anthracycline- based NAC regimens have been identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"15 3","pages":"66-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attenuating Neuronal Autophagy Alleviates Inflammatory Injury in OGDDeprived Co-culture of HT22 with BV2. 在OGDD诱导的HT22与BV2共培养中,减弱神经元自噬减轻炎症损伤。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11830
Z W Huang, Y Y Liu, X M Chen, C L Yu, H Y He, Y H Deng
{"title":"Attenuating Neuronal Autophagy Alleviates Inflammatory Injury in OGDDeprived Co-culture of HT22 with BV2.","authors":"Z W Huang,&nbsp;Y Y Liu,&nbsp;X M Chen,&nbsp;C L Yu,&nbsp;H Y He,&nbsp;Y H Deng","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.11830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32607/actanaturae.11830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuronal CX3CL1 suppressed microglial inflammation by binding to its receptor CX3CR1 expressed on microglia. Neuronal autophagy was prominently activated by cerebral ischemia, whereas CX3CL1 expression in autophagic neurons was conversely down-regulated to exacerbate microglial inflammation. Accordingly, this study was meant to investigate whether ischemia-activated microglial inflammation could be repressed by promoting CX3CL1 expression via the attenuation of neuronal autophagy. Immunofluorescence showed that autophagy predominantly occurred in neurons but barely in microglia. Western blot and immunofluorescence demonstrated that attenuating HT22 autophagy significantly increased its CX3CL1 expression and subsequently mitigated the BV2-mediated inflammatory responses, as indicated by decreased inflammatory factors of NF-κB-p65, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and PGE2. Meanwhile, CCK-8, Nissl staining, and FJC staining showed that an OGD (Oxygen-glycogen deprivation)-created neuronal injury was greatly alleviated by CX3CL1-suppressed microglial inflammation. Contrarily, elevating HT22 autophagy markedly decreased its CX3CL1 expression, which consequently worsened microglial inflammation and the neuronal injury. Our data suggests that attenuating neuronal autophagy may be an effective method to alleviate a microglial inflammatory injury after an ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"15 3","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of Autophagy in the Development of Pathological Conditions of the Body. 自噬在身体病理条件发展中的作用。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.23838
U S Kench, S S Sologova, V S Prassolov, P V Spirin
{"title":"The Role of Autophagy in the Development of Pathological Conditions of the Body.","authors":"U S Kench, S S Sologova, V S Prassolov, P V Spirin","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.23838","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.23838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autophagy is the process of lysosomal elimination of the cell organelles, cytoplasmic sites, and pathogenic microorganisms that enter the cell. This process is associated with both cell death regulation and an increase in cell survival chances. Autophagy is involved in the development of various diseases (Crohn disease, cancer, atherosclerosis, etc.). For these reasons, it is of significant interest to establish the molecular targets involved in autophagy regulation and the factors that mediate its participation in pathogenesis. The review describes the potential molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of autophagy, its contribution to the vital cell activity in a healthy organism, and pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"15 3","pages":"37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Rurikids: The First Experience of Reconstructing the Genetic Portrait of the Ruling Family of Medieval Rus' Based on Paleogenomic Data. Rurikids:基于古基因组数据重建中世纪罗斯统治家族基因肖像的首次体验。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.23425
K V Zhur, F S Sharko, Vl V Sedov, M V Dobrovolskaya, V G Volkov, N G Maksimov, A N Seslavine, N A Makarov, E B Prokhortchouk
{"title":"The Rurikids: The First Experience of Reconstructing the Genetic Portrait of the Ruling Family of Medieval Rus' Based on Paleogenomic Data.","authors":"K V Zhur, F S Sharko, Vl V Sedov, M V Dobrovolskaya, V G Volkov, N G Maksimov, A N Seslavine, N A Makarov, E B Prokhortchouk","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.23425","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.23425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Rurikids were the reigning house of Rus', its principalities and, ultimately the Tsardom of Russia, for seven centuries: from the IX to the end of the XVI century. According to the Primary Chronicle (the Tale of Bygone Years), the main chronicle of Rus', the Rurik dynasty was founded by the Varangian prince Rurik, invited to reign in Novgorod in 862, but still there is no direct genetic evidence of the origin of the early Rurikids. This research, for the first time, provides a genome-wide paleogenetic analysis of bone remains belonging to one of the Rurikids, Prince Dmitry Alexandrovich (?-1294), the son of the Grand Prince of Vladimir Alexander Yaroslavich Nevsky (1221-1263). It has been established that his Y chromosome belongs to the N1a haplogroup. Most of the modern Rurikids, according to their genealogies, belonging to the N1a haplogroup, have the most similar variants of Y chromosomes to each other, as well as to the Y chromosome of Prince Dmitry Alexandrovich. Genome-wide data of the medieval and modern Rurikids unequivocally indicates that they belong to the N1a haplogroup of the Y chromosome, starting at least from the XI century (since the time of Prince Yaroslav the Wise). All the other alleged Rurikids, both ancient and modern, being carriers of other haplogroups (R1a, I2a), possess high heterogeneity of the sequence of Y chromosomes, meaning that we cannot confirm their common ancestry. The most probable ancestors of Prince Dmitry Alexandrovich in the male line were the men who left the burial ground Bolshoy Oleny Island on the coast of the Kola Peninsula about 3,600 years ago. The reconstruction of the genome of Prince Dmitry Alexandrovich indicates the contribution of three ancestral components to his origin: (1) the early medieval population of the east of Scandinavia from the island of Oland, (2) representatives of the steppe nomadic peoples of the Eurasian steppes of the Iron Age or the early medieval population of central Europe (steppe nomads from the territory of Hungary), and (3) the ancient East-Eurasian component. Reliable statistics were also obtained when the Scandinavians were replaced with the Medieval Russian Slavic populations of the XI century. Thus, for the first time, we have shown the complex nature of interethnic interactions in the formation of the nobility of medieval Rus' on the example of the ancient Rurikid.</p>","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"15 3","pages":"50-65"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A DNA Replication Stress-Based Prognostic Model for Lung Adenocarcinoma. 基于DNA复制应激的肺腺癌预后模型。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.25112
S Shi, G Wen, C Lei, J Chang, X Yin, X Liu, S Huang
{"title":"A DNA Replication Stress-Based Prognostic Model for Lung Adenocarcinoma.","authors":"S Shi, G Wen, C Lei, J Chang, X Yin, X Liu, S Huang","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.25112","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.25112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tumor cells endure continuous DNA replication stress, which opens the way to cancer development. Despite previous research, the prognostic implications of DNA replication stress on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have yet to be investigated. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential of DNA replication stress-related genes (DNARSs) in predicting the prognosis of individuals with LUAD. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) originated from the TCGA-LUAD dataset, and we constructed a 10-gene LUAD prognostic model based on DNARSs-related DEGs (DRSDs) using Cox regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated excellent predictive capability for the LUAD prognostic model, while the Kaplan-Meier survival curve indicated a poorer prognosis in a high-risk (HR) group. Combined with clinical data, the Riskscore was found to be an independent predictor of LUAD prognosis. By incorporating Riskscore and clinical data, we developed a nomogram that demonstrated a capacity to predict overall survival and exhibited clinical utility, which was validated through the calibration curve, ROC curve, and decision curve analysis curve tests, confirming its effectiveness in prognostic evaluation. Immune analysis revealed that individuals belonging to the low-risk (LR) group exhibited a greater abundance of immune cell infiltration and higher levels of immune function. We calculated the immunopheno score and TIDE scores and tested them on the IMvigor210 and GSE78220 cohorts and found that individuals categorized in the LR group exhibited a higher likelihood of deriving therapeutic benefits from immunotherapy intervention. Additionally, we predicted that patients classified in the HR group would demonstrate enhanced sensitivity to Docetaxel using anti-tumor drugs. To summarize, we successfully developed and validated a prognostic model for LUAD by incorporating DNA replication stress as a key factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"15 3","pages":"100-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chromosomal Aberrations As a Biological Phenomenon in Human Embryonic Development. 染色体畸变是人类胚胎发育中的一种生物学现象。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.25255
A D Ivanova, M L Semenova
{"title":"Chromosomal Aberrations As a Biological Phenomenon in Human Embryonic Development.","authors":"A D Ivanova, M L Semenova","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.25255","DOIUrl":"10.32607/actanaturae.25255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Frequent chromosomal abnormalities are a distinctive feature of early embryonic development in mammals, especially humans. Aneuploidy is considered as a contributing factor to failed embryo implantation and spontaneous abortions. In the case of chromosomal mosaicism, its effect on the potency of embryos to normally develop has not been sufficiently studied. Although, a significant percentage of chromosomal defects in early human embryos are currently believed to be associated with the features of clinical and laboratory protocols, in this review, we focus on the biological mechanisms associated with chromosomal abnormalities. In particular, we address the main events in oocyte meiosis that affects not only the genetic status of an unfertilized oocyte, but also further embryo viability, and analyze the features of first cleavage divisions and the causes of frequent chromosomal errors in early embryonic development. In addition, we discuss current data on self-correction of the chromosomal status in early embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"15 3","pages":"27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of the ati Gene Deletion on the Pathogenicity and Immunogenicity of the Vaccinia Virus. ati基因缺失对痘苗病毒致病性和免疫原性的影响。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.17872
S N Yakubitskiy, A A Sergeev, K A Titova, I S Shulgina, E V Starostina, M B Borgoyakova, L I Karpenko, S N Shchelkunov
{"title":"Effect of the ati Gene Deletion on the Pathogenicity and Immunogenicity of the Vaccinia Virus.","authors":"S N Yakubitskiy,&nbsp;A A Sergeev,&nbsp;K A Titova,&nbsp;I S Shulgina,&nbsp;E V Starostina,&nbsp;M B Borgoyakova,&nbsp;L I Karpenko,&nbsp;S N Shchelkunov","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.17872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32607/actanaturae.17872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the nonvirion proteins of the vaccinia virus (VACV), a 94-kDa long protein is most abundantly present; the protein is a truncated form of the 150-kDa A-type inclusion (ATI) protein of the cowpox virus encoded by the <i>ati</i> gene. This VACV protein does not form intracellular ATIs, being as it is a major immunogen upon infection/immunization of humans or animals with the VACV. Antibodies specific to this protein are not virus-neutralizing. The present study focused on the effect of the production of this nonstructural major immunogenic VACV protein on the manifestation of pathogenicity and immunogenicity of the virus in the BALB/c mouse model of infection. In order to introduce a targeted deletion into the VACV LIVP genome, the recombinant integration/deletion plasmid pΔati was constructed and further used to generate the recombinant virus LIVPΔati. The pathogenicity of the VACV LIVP and LIVPΔati strains was studied in 3-week-old mice. The mice were intranasally infected with the viruses at a dose of 107 pfu; 50% of the animals infected with the parent LIVP strain died, while infection with the LIVPΔati strain led to the death of only 20% of the mice. Intradermal vaccination of mice aged 6- weeks with the LIVPΔati virus statistically significantly increased the production of VACV-specific IgG, compared to that after intradermal vaccination with VACV LIVP. Meanwhile, no differences were noted in the cell-mediated immune response to the vaccination of mice with VACV LIVP or LIVPΔati, which was assessed by ELISpot according to the number of splenocytes producing IFN-γ in response to stimulation with virus-specific peptides. Intranasal infection of mice with lethal doses of the cowpox virus or the ectromelia virus on day 60 post-immunization with the studied VACV variants demonstrated that the mutant LIVPΔati elicits a stronger protective response compared to the parent LIVP.</p>","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"15 3","pages":"82-90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase CD45 As an Immunity Regulator and a Potential Effector of CAR-T therapy. 蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶CD45作为CAR-T治疗的免疫调节因子和潜在效应物。
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.25438
D V Volkov, V M Stepanova, Y P Rubtsov, A V Stepanov, A G Gabibov
{"title":"Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase CD45 As an Immunity Regulator and a Potential Effector of CAR-T therapy.","authors":"D V Volkov,&nbsp;V M Stepanova,&nbsp;Y P Rubtsov,&nbsp;A V Stepanov,&nbsp;A G Gabibov","doi":"10.32607/actanaturae.25438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32607/actanaturae.25438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The leukocyte common antigen CD45 is a receptor tyrosine phosphatase and one of the most prevalent antigens found on the surface of blood cells. CD45 plays a crucial role in the initial stages of signal transmission from receptors of various immune cell types. Immunodeficiency, autoimmune disorders, and oncological diseases are frequently caused by gene expression disorders and imbalances in CD45 isoforms. Despite extensive research into the structure and functions of CD45, the molecular mechanisms behind its role in transmitting signals from T-cell receptors and chimeric antigen receptors remain not fully understood. It is of utmost importance to comprehend the structural features of CD45 and its function in regulating immune system cell activation to study oncological diseases and the impact of CD45 on lymphocytes and T cells modified by chimeric antigen receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"15 3","pages":"17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71419623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Suivis de biodiversité par la reconnaissance automatique des espèces sur photographies : perspectives et défis 生物多样性监测rec自动采取的照片上的物种:机遇与挑战
4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-06-21 DOI: 10.5852/naturae2023a6
Hélène LE BORGNE, Christophe BOUGET
{"title":"Suivis de biodiversité par la reconnaissance automatique des espèces sur photographies : perspectives et défis","authors":"Hélène LE BORGNE, Christophe BOUGET","doi":"10.5852/naturae2023a6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/naturae2023a6","url":null,"abstract":"La reconnaissance d’espèces basée sur des données d’images analysées par l’intelligence artificielle est de plus en plus populaire dans les suivis de biodiversité, pour faire face aux limites des méthodes plus traditionnelles et à l’émergence de considérations déontologiques préconisant le développement de pièges non destructifs (i.e. non létaux, « no kill »). Cette augmentation dans l’utilisation de nouvelles technologies peut largement s’expliquer par un besoin de gain en temps et en précision. Ce type de méthodologie est particulièrement intéressant pour les personnes qui n’ont pas l’expertise nécessaire pour distinguer de nombreuses espèces telles que les Insectes. De plus, les données photographiques sont moins susceptibles de créer un biais observateur que l’observation directe, car elles sont réutilisables et vérifiables. Dans ce document nous allons voir comment les données peuvent être acquises en milieu terrestre (i.e. méthodologies et outils de capture) et la manière dont les images sont ensuite traitées pour la classification des espèces (i.e. gestion des données et analyses). En particulier, nous avons considéré la possibilité d’automatiser les grands volumes de données collectées à l’aide de techniques d’apprentissage automatique et d’apprentissage profond afin de réaliser l’identification des espèces. Cette étude présente également les avantages et les limites de l’utilisation de ces outils pour l’identification automatique des espèces dans un contexte de suivi de biodiversité en milieu terrestre.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135045630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tirs dérogatoires de loups en France : évaluation des effets sur les dommages aux troupeaux 法国特别射杀狼:评估对牲畜损害的影响
IF 2 4区 生物学
Acta Naturae Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.5852/naturae2023a5
Oksana Grente, Christophe Duchamp, Sarah Bauduin, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes, Nolwenn Drouet-Hoguet, Olivier Gimenez
{"title":"Tirs dérogatoires de loups en France : évaluation des effets sur les dommages aux troupeaux","authors":"Oksana Grente, Christophe Duchamp, Sarah Bauduin, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes, Nolwenn Drouet-Hoguet, Olivier Gimenez","doi":"10.5852/naturae2023a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5852/naturae2023a5","url":null,"abstract":"L’efficacité des tirs létaux de Loups gris (Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758) à réduire la prédation de cette espèce sur les troupeaux domestiques est débattue, que cela soit en France ou ailleurs où ces mesures sont appliquées. Dans cet article, nous résumons les résultats de la thèse d’Oksana Grente, réalisée sous la direction de l’Office français de la Biodiversité (OFB) et du Centre d’Écologie fonctionnelle et évolutive (CEFE-CNRS), qui a étudié les effets des tirs dérogatoires de loup sur les attaques aux troupeaux ovins dans l’arc alpin français. Deux approches complémentaires ont été adoptées pour répondre à cette question. Tout d’abord, les données administratives des constats d’attaques ont été analysées en comparant les situations avant et après les tirs. Il s’est avéré que les effets des tirs pouvaient être multiples et dépendaient des contextes dans lesquels ils étaient réalisés. La disparité dans ces résultats reste difficile à comprendre avec les données disponibles. Afin de pallier aux lacunes de l’analyse des tirs réalisés, un modèle théorique a été développé, dans lequel les comportements de prédation du loup ont été simulés selon différentes hypothèses, afin d’améliorer notre compréhension des interactions entre loups, troupeaux et tirs dérogatoires. Les simulations indiquent que le contrôle létal permettait de réduire la déprédation dans les contextes où les troupeaux domestiques sont protégés et moins vulnérables à la prédation que les proies sauvages. La difficulté réside à définir, sur le terrain, les contextes pastoraux et environnementaux qui régissent les comportements de prédation et donc les effets des tirs dérogatoires. L’une des solutions serait d’effectuer des expertises locales au sein de chaque ensemble de surfaces pastorales appartenant au même foyer de déprédation. La thèse propose une méthodologie statistique pour identifier ces groupes de pâturages. Cette méthode permet de tenir compte de l’utilisation des pâturages par les ovins, et donc du taux d’exposition au risque de déprédation qui diffère selon les troupeaux. Pour conclure, les résultats de la thèse invitent à adopter une gestion contextualisée des attaques par les tirs, c’est-à-dire ajustée aux situations locales, en complément des mesures de protection, elles aussi ajustées aux contextes locaux.","PeriodicalId":6989,"journal":{"name":"Acta Naturae","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81399537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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