行为与脑科学期刊(英文)最新文献_第9页

Deeper inside the Experience of Pediatric Headache: A Narrative Study 儿童头痛体验的更深层次:一项叙事研究

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.1010028

L. Grazzi, V. Covelli, Francesca Memini, P. Rizzoli

{"title":"Deeper inside the Experience of Pediatric Headache: A Narrative Study","authors":"L. Grazzi, V. Covelli, Francesca Memini, P. Rizzoli","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2020.1010028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2020.1010028","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore meanings, perspectives and points of view of the subjective experience of paediatric patients with headache (PPwH) and create a first-person narrative for clinical practice. Methods: We conducted a qualitative, narrative research study with PPwH, 11 - 17 years old. Data were collected through narratives interviews and a twofold narrative analysis was performed: a narrative and a thematic analysis. Results: Twenty-three patients (14 girls; mean age 14.5; median duration of illness of 5.8 years) were recruited. Through narrative analysis and close reading, narratives revealed different ways to organize illness experience: PPwH can use 1) narrative sequences of recurrent events in order a) to describe the continuing living-through of the experience of headache, b) to define operative script or c) to characterize the illness experience generally as a “controlled” routine; or 2) a storied account of events, with well-defined characters, plot and evaluation of contingency and correlation between events to express a personal point of view and a moral standpoint about the illness experience. Through thematic analysis 5 main themes and 22 subthemes about the significance of being a PPwH emerged: a) disease dimension (description of pain), b) illness dimension, c) sickness, d) causality, e) coping and f) future perception. Then, a first-person narrative story was created as a tool enabling reflection and conversation during clinical consultation. Conclusions: Results suggest that promoting narrative dialogue can be an opportunity for the neurologist: the prototypical narrative developed from story analysis might be a tool to apply for the narrative-based medicine in the clinical setting.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45351383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Transdisciplinary Team in Rehabilitation of Unconscious Brain-Damaged Persons: Grounds and Practice 跨学科团队在无意识脑损伤患者康复中的基础与实践

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-07-27 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.108021

O. Maksakova, L. Zhavoronkova

{"title":"Transdisciplinary Team in Rehabilitation of Unconscious Brain-Damaged Persons: Grounds and Practice","authors":"O. Maksakova, L. Zhavoronkova","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2020.108021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2020.108021","url":null,"abstract":"The main features of early rehabilitation after severe brain damage are discussed in the article. The most important component for the entire rehabilitation process and the subsequent life of the patient is considered restoration of consciousness. Team seems to be a key factor in regaining consciousness along with the restoration of vital functions, movement, cognition, and behavior in these patients. The basic working principle is feedback to any minimal movement, or vegetative signal of a patient, beyond specific professional targets. A network of feedbacks with a patient and between professionals, that is, free flow of information, can be built only through work in a transdisciplinary team mode. The net of feedbacks with the patient and inter-professional ones builds up the team as Non-linear Complex System. Characteristics of “Team-Patient” system status are energy, entropy, and complexity. Teamwork techniques are individualized for resulting optimization of system condition. Increase of complexity is a powerful tool for propulsion of recovery process. Then consciousness may appear as a result of system self-organization. The article reflects the authors’ view on interdisciplinary studies of the phenomenon of consciousness through its impairment and recovery. It focuses on the work of the “proper rehabilitation team”, the mechanisms of its action and methods for researching the occurring phenomena.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42779253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Comparative Study on Cerebral Processing among Elderly People with Either Intellectual or Mechanical Work Activities, by Means of Electroencephalographic Techniques 脑电技术对老年人脑力劳动与机械劳动脑加工的比较研究

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-07-27 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.108020

Arisson Euclides da Silva, Leonardo Coelho de Mendonça Silva, Lousane Leonoura Alves Santos, D.L.R. Silva, Paulo Costa, M. V. Costa, José Claudio da Silva, Euclídes Marinho Trindade Filho

{"title":"Comparative Study on Cerebral Processing among Elderly People with Either Intellectual or Mechanical Work Activities, by Means of Electroencephalographic Techniques","authors":"Arisson Euclides da Silva, Leonardo Coelho de Mendonça Silva, Lousane Leonoura Alves Santos, D.L.R. Silva, Paulo Costa, M. V. Costa, José Claudio da Silva, Euclídes Marinho Trindade Filho","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2020.108020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2020.108020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The cognitive capacity is one of the determinants of quality of life in old age. In EEG, gamma rhythm represented electrical correlates of execution of cognitive activities. Objective: To compare the cortical areas activated during executive activities through the gamma rhythm (25 - 45 Hz) and the performance in the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) among older people who exercised intellectual and mechanical work during their lifetime. Methods: We compared the electroencephalographic record of the gamma rhythm potential (25 - 45 Hz) in the cortical quadrants during the execution of the FAB among 13 elderly people who exercised intellectual activity and 12 elderly people who performed mechanical work. Results: In the FAB, the intellectual group obtained a better performance with a mean score of 16.2/18, while the mechanical group obtained an average score of 14.9/18. Only a significant difference between groups was observed in the similarity test, with intellectual group leadership. There was no significant difference between groups in the overall analysis of gamma rhythm potential in the brain quadrants during the tests. Conclusion: Elderly people who performed intellectual activity performed better than the elderly who exercised mechanical work in the execution of the Frontal Evaluation Battery (FAB). There was a greater quantification of gamma rhythm in the group of elderly individuals who exercised intellectual activity, compared to those who exercised mechanical activity.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43599206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Case Management for Schizophrenia Clients in China 中国精神分裂症患者病例管理的效果

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-07-27 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.108019

Jia Cheng, Huai-dong Liu, Tong-yu Geng, Yong Wang, Ling Yu, Jingjing Li, Wen-xiu Li, Caili Chen, Guizhong Yao

引用次数: 0

Impact of Cannabis Use on Brain Structure and Function in Suppressed HIV Infection 在抑制HIV感染中使用大麻对大脑结构和功能的影响

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-07-27 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.108022

K. Kallianpur, R. Birn, L. Ndhlovu, S. Souza, B. Mitchell, R. Paul, D. Chow, Lindsay B. Kohorn, C. Shikuma

{"title":"Impact of Cannabis Use on Brain Structure and Function in Suppressed HIV Infection","authors":"K. Kallianpur, R. Birn, L. Ndhlovu, S. Souza, B. Mitchell, R. Paul, D. Chow, Lindsay B. Kohorn, C. Shikuma","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2020.108022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2020.108022","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brain atrophy and cognitive deficits persist among individuals with suppressed HIV disease. The impact of cannabis use is unknown. Methods: HIV+ and HIV− participants underwent cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing. Lifetime frequency, duration (years), and recency of cannabis use were self-reported. Relationships of cannabis use to resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and to 9 regional brain volumes were assessed with corrections for multiple comparisons. Peripheral blood cytokines and monocyte subsets were measured in the HIV+ group and examined in relation to cannabis exposure. Results: We evaluated 52 HIV+ [50.8 ± 7.1 years old; 100% on antiretroviral therapy ≥ 3 months; 83% with plasma viral load < 50 copies/mL] and 55 HIV− [54.0 ± 7.5 years old] individuals. Among HIV+ participants, recent cannabis use (within 12 months) was associated with diminished RSFC, including of occipital cortex, controlling for age. Duration of use correlated negatively with volumes of all regions (most strikingly the nucleus accumbens) independently of recent use and intracranial volume. Recent use was associated with larger caudate and white matter volumes and lower soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 concentrations. Duration of use correlated positively with psychomotor speed. Use > 10 times/lifetime was linked to more somatic symptoms, better executive function, and lower CD14+CD16++ monocyte count. Conclusion: HIV+ individuals demonstrated opposing associations with cannabis. Recent use may weaken RSFC and prolonged consumption may exacerbate atrophy of the accumbens and other brain regions. More frequent or recent cannabis use may reduce the inflammation and CD14+CD16++ monocytes that facilitate HIV neuroinvasion. HIV-specific cannabis studies are necessary.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":"10 1","pages":"344 - 370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45804386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Effects of Chewing Frequency on Cerebral Blood Flow and Cognitive Function 咀嚼频率对脑血流量和认知功能的影响

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.107018

Saya Natsui, Megumi Sato, T. Yokoyama, Hiromi Inaba, N. Kuboyama, K. Shibuya

引用次数: 0

Central Brain Herniation Secondary to Influenza-Related Encephalopathy in a Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia Child: A Case Report and Review 桥小脑发育不全儿童继发于流感相关脑病的中枢性脑疝:一例报告和回顾

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-06-02 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.106016

Weiqiang Xiao, Peiqing Li, Yuzhi Yao, Si-da Yang, Suyun Li, Shuyao Ning, Hong-sheng Liu

引用次数: 0

Autism-Spectrum Quotient Is Associated with Observational Skill Acquisition in Healthy Young Adults 健康青年孤独症谱系商与观察技能习得的关系

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-04-21 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.104011

Yoichiro Sato, Kento Kageyama

{"title":"Autism-Spectrum Quotient Is Associated with Observational Skill Acquisition in Healthy Young Adults","authors":"Yoichiro Sato, Kento Kageyama","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2020.104011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2020.104011","url":null,"abstract":"Although observational motor learning is one method of skill acquisition, this type of motor learning is not equally effective for all individuals. To clarify factors associated with the effectiveness of motor learning, we examined the association between model-observational skill acquisition and the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ), which is reportedly associated with motor learning via visual information. Twenty healthy adults performed the Kendama task. The participants practiced under three conditions: using their own methods (self), following observation of model actions (model-observation), and following observation of their own actions (self-observation). Measurement trials were performed 20 times prior to self-practice sessions and after each practice session. Success ratios were calculated for each measurement trial. All participants completed the AQ. The difference in success ratios for measurement sessions following practices between the self and model-observation conditions was significantly negatively correlated with AQ scores. Individuals with low AQ values can more easily acquire skills via model-observational motor learning than those with relatively higher AQ values.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":"10 1","pages":"179-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44259694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brain Complications with Influenza Infection in Children 儿童流感感染的脑并发症

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-03-24 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.103008

Qinglian Chen, Peiqing Li, Suyun Li, Weiqiang Xiao, Si-da Yang, Hui Lu

{"title":"Brain Complications with Influenza Infection in Children","authors":"Qinglian Chen, Peiqing Li, Suyun Li, Weiqiang Xiao, Si-da Yang, Hui Lu","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2020.103008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2020.103008","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To summarize the characteristics and research progress of influenza-associated brain complications in children and provide references for early diagnosis and brain protection treatment. Methods: Studied published articles of influenza-associated neurocomplications in children from PubMed and summarizes them from epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment, and basic research progress. Results: Common brain complications in flu-children include febrile seizures, influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE), acute or post-influenza encephalitis, and the most severe condition is acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE). However, the mechanism and relevant factors of influenza-associated brain damage have not been elucidated. Conclusion: Influenza could be accompanied by various brain lesion complications in dif ferent stages of the disease, some of which are life-threatening or leave severe neurological sequelae, such as ANE. Due to different brain injury mechanisms, specific early diagnosis and brain protection treatment for different complications are unclear or unanimous. Therefore, further classification and basic research are needed.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":"10 1","pages":"129-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46007231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Carrageenan-Induced Non-Painful Inflammation Reduces Voluntary Sucrose Consumption in a Two-Bottle Choice Paradigm: A New Model of Inflammation Induced Anhedonia 卡拉胶诱导的非疼痛性炎症在两瓶选择范式中减少自愿蔗糖消耗:炎症诱导的快感缺乏的新模型

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-03-24 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2020.103009

M. Sotomayor-Sobrino, Abraham Ochoa-Aguilar, Ulises R. Coffeen-Medina, Roberto Velasco‐González, G. Pérez-Sánchez, Gloria M. Capula-León, Israel Luna-Mendoza, L. Pavón-Romero, Claudia Gómez-Acevedo

{"title":"Carrageenan-Induced Non-Painful Inflammation Reduces Voluntary Sucrose Consumption in a Two-Bottle Choice Paradigm: A New Model of Inflammation Induced Anhedonia","authors":"M. Sotomayor-Sobrino, Abraham Ochoa-Aguilar, Ulises R. Coffeen-Medina, Roberto Velasco‐González, G. Pérez-Sánchez, Gloria M. Capula-León, Israel Luna-Mendoza, L. Pavón-Romero, Claudia Gómez-Acevedo","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2020.103009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2020.103009","url":null,"abstract":"Anhedonia, the presence of diminished pleasure or decreased motivation for rewards is considered one of the core symptoms of depression. Studies have shown that anhedonia and reduced reward learning predict a poor prognosis with a higher prevalence of treatment failure among patients. Several mechanisms have been implicated in the onset and progression of depression; furthermore, an important amount of evidence supports not only the importance of the reward circuitry in the development of depressive anhedonia but also, that it is closely related with the presence of inflammation. In the current paper we show that 500 ul carrageenan administration in the right hind paw after deafferentation surgery leads to anhedonia, which is evident by a decrease in saccharine consumption in a two-bottle choice test; these findings suggest that carrageenan mediated inflammation is a reliable model of anhedonia that could lead to a better understanding of the immune-neural axis in motivation.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41658721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0