行为与脑科学期刊(英文)最新文献_第10页

Maternal Response of Perinatally Underfed Wistar Virgin Females Exposed to Newborn Rats 围产期喂养不足的Wistar处女雌性暴露于新生大鼠的母体反应

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2019-03-04 DOI: 10.4236/JBBS.2019.93007

M. Salas, M. Regalado, C. Torrero, Minerva Ortiz-Valladares, L. Rubio

{"title":"Maternal Response of Perinatally Underfed Wistar Virgin Females Exposed to Newborn Rats","authors":"M. Salas, M. Regalado, C. Torrero, Minerva Ortiz-Valladares, L. Rubio","doi":"10.4236/JBBS.2019.93007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBBS.2019.93007","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrition plays a major role in the survival of the progeny, and its perinatal deficiencies delay physical development and interfere with social and cognitive performance later in life. The effects of early undernutrition on maternal social performance of sensitized adult virgin rats were evaluated. Several maternal and non-maternal responses were measured in virgin female Wistar rats randomly divided into two groups, control and early undernourished, during 19 days of chronic daily exposure to fresh foster pups in home-cage conditions. Underfed females (F0) received different percentages of a balanced diet during gestation. After birth, pups were underfed (F1) by alternating every 12 h between litters two lactating dams, one with ligated nipples. Weaning was at 25 days of age followed by an ad lib diet until postpartum day 90, when sensitized virgins were maternally tested daily for seven successive sessions. Significantly (p < 0.05) low body weight scores in UG F1 virgins of five different ages were observed. The UG F1 females expressed significantly (p < 0.05) lower frequency values in sniffing, licking, retrieving, crouching, and handling shavings, with clear prolonged sniffing, retrieving and handling shaving latencies towards the foster pups compared with CG F1 sensitized females. Self-grooming was not affected, whereas exploration was significantly reduced. Current findings suggest that perinatal undernutrition interfered the organization of a core neuronal circuitry underlying the mother-litter interactions involved in social and cognitive performance of sensitized adult virgins. Furthermore, the behavioral maternal alterations in F1 virgins may possibly generate a risky negative social environment to induce cognitive and/or brain disorders in later generations.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47871637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect Evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Stress Response in Breast Cancer Patients 认知行为干预对癌症患者应激反应的影响评价

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2019.93010

Ping Huang, Youguang Li, L. Fu, Xiang-Ling Jiang, Jun-Cheng Guo, Yi-Jun Yang, Chunru Wang, Yunwang Cai, M. Guo

{"title":"Effect Evaluation of Cognitive Behavioral Intervention on Stress Response in Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"Ping Huang, Youguang Li, L. Fu, Xiang-Ling Jiang, Jun-Cheng Guo, Yi-Jun Yang, Chunru Wang, Yunwang Cai, M. Guo","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2019.93010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2019.93010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the effects of cognitive behavioral intervention on psychological stress response in breast cancer patients by cognitive behavioral intervention in breast cancer patients. Methods: Adopting the random comparison method, 100 patients with breast cancer were divided into comparison group and intervention group by 50 cases. The intervention group underwent cognitive behavioral intervention at the same time as the comparison group only received conventional treatment without cognitive behavioral intervention. Two groups of breast cancer patients were enrolled in the general questionnaire, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire (MCMQ) within one week after admission and one month after treatment to understand the psychological stress levels of the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the scores of SAS and MCMQ between the intervention group and the comparison group before intervention (P > 0.05). But after intervention, the scores of SAS and MCMQ in the comparison group were significantly higher than those in the intervention group (P 0.05). It shows that the implementation of cognitive behavioral intervention therapy for breast cancer patients has the effect of improving their psychological status. Conclusion: Cognitive behavioral intervention therapy combined with psychology for breast cancer patients can effectively reduce their stress level, improve mental health status and improve their positive coping ability.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46448203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Visual Attributes of Subliminal Priming Images Impact Conscious Perception of Facial Expressions 阈下启动图像的视觉属性影响面部表情的意识感知

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.4236/JBBS.2019.93009

Melissa A. Huang, Hsin-Mei Sun, L. Vaina

{"title":"Visual Attributes of Subliminal Priming Images Impact Conscious Perception of Facial Expressions","authors":"Melissa A. Huang, Hsin-Mei Sun, L. Vaina","doi":"10.4236/JBBS.2019.93009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBBS.2019.93009","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated, in young healthy participants, how the affective content of subliminally presented priming images and their specific visual attributes impacted conscious perception of facial expressions. The priming images were broadly categorized as aggressive, pleasant, or neutral and further subcategorized by the presence of a face and by the centricity (egocentric or allocentric vantage-point) of the image content. Participants responded to the emotion portrayed in a pixelated target-face by indicating via key-press if the expression was angry or neutral. Response time to the neutral target face was significantly slower when preceded by face primes, compared to non-face primes (p < 0.05, Bonferroni corrected). In contrast, faster RTs were observed when angry target faces were preceded by face compared to non-face primes. In addition, participants’ performance was worse when a priming image contained an egocentric face compared to when it contained either an allocentric face or an egocentric non-face. The results suggest a significant impact of the visual features of the priming image on conscious perception of face expression.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47485744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Energy Aspects of Sodium Thiopental Action on Nervous Activity 硫喷妥钠作用于神经活动的能量方面

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2019-02-20 DOI: 10.4236/JBBS.2019.92004

Y. Mednikova, M. K. Kozlov, A. Makarenko

{"title":"Energy Aspects of Sodium Thiopental Action on Nervous Activity","authors":"Y. Mednikova, M. K. Kozlov, A. Makarenko","doi":"10.4236/JBBS.2019.92004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBBS.2019.92004","url":null,"abstract":"Sodium thiopental, used in a narcotic dose, makes it possible to identify the nervous processes that underlie consciousness and establish the causes of its disorder. When studying the cortical EEG activity, the impulses of individual nerve cells and the electromyographic activity of the muscles of the forelimb, it was found that thiopental blocks a number of neuronal reactions requiring energy support: tonic activating reactions to acetylcholine, applied to neurons, cease; the rate of spontaneous neuronal activity drops; the stage of non-specific activation in response to electrocutaneous stimulation disappears. So, thiopental blocks consciousness by significant limitation of the brain energy metabolism. This results in a loss of the adaptive function of the central nervous system. At the same time, glutamatergic excitation, the formation of which does not depend on energy support, is resistant to the action of thiopental. The blocking of the brain’s energy supply caused by thiopental, in accordance with its depth, develops in two stages—hypoxic and narcotic. The hypoxic stage is accompanied by hyperactivity in the nervous system, which is manifested by epileptiform discharges on the EEG and powerful unmotivated movement; the narcotic stage is associated with blockade of motor activity and flattening of EEG oscillations. The post-narcotic state associated with the consequence of the hypoxic effect of thiopental leads to the loss of ionic homeostasis and is accompanied by a steady drop in the amplitude of cortical neuron spikes.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45740314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Glutamate as a Neural Stress Factor in Humans and Animals 谷氨酸作为人类和动物的神经应激因子

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2019.92002

B. F. Kania, Katarzyna Ferdyn, T. Wojnar, G. Lonc

{"title":"Glutamate as a Neural Stress Factor in Humans and Animals","authors":"B. F. Kania, Katarzyna Ferdyn, T. Wojnar, G. Lonc","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2019.92002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2019.92002","url":null,"abstract":"L-glutamic acid (glutamate-Glu) serves as one form with very strong stimulatory neurotransmitter (near aspartic, kainic, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-me- thyl-4-izoxazole propionic acid (AMPA), chinolic and L-homocysteinic acid, glycine and D-serine) at the majority of neural excitatory synapse in the mammals and nonmammals central, sympathetic nervous system (CNS and SNS, respectively) and in different peripheral tissues and organ. It mediates interactions via stimulation a variety ionotropic N-methyl-D-As- partate (NMDA), AMPA and kainate receptors (ligand gated calcium channels) and III groups of the metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1-8) family members (G-protein coupled receptors). It is good known different neuromodula-tion/interaction between Glu and norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA), oxytocin/vasopressin (Oxy/AVP) and steroid receptors during stress in the central nervous system. In this review we describe the molecular structure of these glutamatergic receptors and discuss they neuropharmacology and clinical use probability of their antagonist, in stress particularly. On the other hand it was interesting if Glu can increase catecholamine (CA) release from motivational structures as stressoric factor in hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis (HPA) in the stress inducing processes. Our findings show that Glu more influences the brain’s motivational structure, which may indicate its contribution to the stress response by direct modulating the amount of catecholamine released.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45412873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Progress in Research on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 创伤后应激障碍的研究进展

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2019.92003

Ning Bei, D. Long, Jun-Cheng Guo, Xiang-Ling Jiang

引用次数: 0

Mood Disorders: Protection of the Hyper-Excited Brain, or a Risk Factor? 情绪障碍：保护过度兴奋的大脑，还是一个危险因素？

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.4236/JBBS.2019.92005

Z. Nanobashvili, I. Bilanishvili, Maia G. Barbakadze, N. Khizanishvili

{"title":"Mood Disorders: Protection of the Hyper-Excited Brain, or a Risk Factor?","authors":"Z. Nanobashvili, I. Bilanishvili, Maia G. Barbakadze, N. Khizanishvili","doi":"10.4236/JBBS.2019.92005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/JBBS.2019.92005","url":null,"abstract":"Emotional disturbances such as anxiety, fear, depression and aggression are often experienced by patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. These psychiatric symptoms may occur during or just after (postictal) a seizure; however, in some patients, they occur interictally (i.e. between seizures) and may profoundly change the individual’s personality. Aside from confirming that a significant proportion of temporal lobe epileptics do suffer from interictal abnormal emotionality, there has been little progress to date in identifying the fundamental nature of these disturbances. There is a lack of evidences regarding the influence of activation of emotiogenic structures and emotional behavior on development of seizures. Kindling is a commonly used animal model for study of interictal emotionality and the effects of kindling and human epilepsy on emotional behavior are the primary focus of investigators and not vice versa. Respectively, the interrelation between emotional and seizure reactions was studied in Wistar albino rats. In our study we tried to elucidate: can emotional behavior evoked by stimulation of the emotiogenic zones of the hypothalamus or of induction of acute pain stress modify manifestations of generalized seizures within the period where a “full” epileptic syndrom has been stable formed earlier? Our leading hypothesis is as follow: the emotional disturbances can be considered as the emergence of instinctive behavior with an adaptive significance of defense and as a by-product of the inhibitory processes that build up to protect against the future occurrence of seizures.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49110332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An Associated Research for Genetic Polymorphism of 5-HTTLPR with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 5-HTTLPR基因多态性与创伤后应激障碍的相关性研究

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2019-01-10 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2019.91001

Jun-Cheng Guo, Yi-Jun Yang, Ping Huang, Xiang-Ling Jiang, M. Guo, Zhuo Liu, J. Pan

{"title":"An Associated Research for Genetic Polymorphism of 5-HTTLPR with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"Jun-Cheng Guo, Yi-Jun Yang, Ping Huang, Xiang-Ling Jiang, M. Guo, Zhuo Liu, J. Pan","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2019.91001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2019.91001","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) in patients diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a Chinese sample of earthquake survivors. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were performed to type 5-HTTLPR promoter polymorphism in 57 PTSD patients and an equal number of healthy controls. The genotype and allele frequency distribution were analyzed and compared using various statistical methods. The frequency of LL, SL and SS genotypes in patients was found to be 5, 16 and 36 respectively, in comparison to 16, 22 and 19 in healthy controls. Fewer patients tended to be L genotype (22.8%) than controls (47.4%), but the number of patients with the S genotype was higher (77.2%) compared to controls (52.6%). The results show a statistically significant difference in genotype and allele frequency distribution between patients and controls. This research suggests that PTSD symptoms are significantly associated with 5-HTTLPR genetic polymorphism. These results add to the important research of genetics of psychiatric disorders, particularly in a Chinese context that has not been previously studied.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44640329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insomnia Fighting with Red Led Pulsations 用红色Led脉冲对抗失眠

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2018-11-13 DOI: 10.4236/JBBS.2018.811038

P. Grounauer, B. Métraux

引用次数: 0

Electroencephalographic Correlates of Sexual Arousal Induced by Sexually-Explicit Reading in Human Females 人类女性性外显阅读诱发性唤起的脑电图相关性

行为与脑科学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2018-11-07 DOI: 10.4236/jbbs.2018.811037

M. A. Guevara, Carolina Gómez‐Navarro, C. Amezcua-Gutiérrez, M. Hernández-González, A. Ågmo

{"title":"Electroencephalographic Correlates of Sexual Arousal Induced by Sexually-Explicit Reading in Human Females","authors":"M. A. Guevara, Carolina Gómez‐Navarro, C. Amezcua-Gutiérrez, M. Hernández-González, A. Ågmo","doi":"10.4236/jbbs.2018.811037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/jbbs.2018.811037","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the cortical functionality in young women while reading a sexually-explicit text. Electroencephalographic activity (EEG) was recorded in heterosexual women while reading either a sexually-explicit text or one with neutral content. Absolute power (AP) and the degree of EEG synchronization among the prefrontal, temporal and parietal cortices were analyzed for the different EEG bands. To evaluate sexual arousal, valence and general activation, Likert-type and Manikin scales were applied. Subjects scored the sexually-explicit text as more pleasurable, and reported greater general activation and sexual arousal than while reading the neutral one. During reading of the sexually-explicit text only, they showed a higher AP in the beta and gamma bands in temporal areas in both hemispheres, and in the theta band in parietal ones, with a lower degree of EEG synchronization between prefronto-temporal areas in the fast bands. Results show that both hemispheres were activated in these sexually-aroused women. The low bilateral synchronization between prefrontal and temporal regions indicates the independent functionality of these cortices, which could be a requirement for inducing and maintaining sexual arousal during reading of sexually-explicit texts in women. These data should broaden our knowledge of the cortical mechanisms that underlie sexual arousal in women.","PeriodicalId":69804,"journal":{"name":"行为与脑科学期刊(英文)","volume":"8 1","pages":"599-614"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44979447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2