Acta Botanica Croatica最新文献_第9页

Expression of genesfor selected plant aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in the abiotic stress 植物氨酰基tRNA合成酶基因在非生物胁迫中的表达

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-09-11 DOI: 10.37427/BOTCRO-2021-010

Jurica Baranašić, Anita Mihalak, I. Gruic‐Sovulj, N. Bauer, Jasmina Rokov-Plavec

{"title":"Expression of genes\u0000for selected plant aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in the abiotic stress","authors":"Jurica Baranašić, Anita Mihalak, I. Gruic‐Sovulj, N. Bauer, Jasmina Rokov-Plavec","doi":"10.37427/BOTCRO-2021-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/BOTCRO-2021-010","url":null,"abstract":"Plants, as sessile organisms, have evolved intricate mechanisms to adapt\u0000to various environmental changes and challenges. Because various types of stress trigger significant decrease in global translation rates we examined the stress-related expression of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs), enzymes that participate in the first step of protein biosynthesis. We have analyzed promoters of genes encoding cytosolic seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS), cytosolic aspartyl-tRNA synthetase (AspRS) and cytosolic cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CysRS) in Arabidopsis thaliana L., and examined SerRS, AspRS and CysRS gene expression in seedlings exposed to different abiotic stressors. Although global translation levels are repressed by stress, our results show that plant aaRSs expression is not decreased by osmotic, salt and heavy metal/cadmium stress. Moreover, during exposure to stress conditions we detected increased AspRS and CysRS transcript levels. SerRS gene expression did not change in stress conditions although participation of\u0000SerRS in stress response could be regulated at the protein level. Expression of the examined aaRS genes under stress correlated well with the length of their predicted promoters and the number of available binding sites for the stress related transcription factors. It thus appears that during stress it is important to keep steady state levels of aaRSs for translation of specific stress-related mRNAs and furthermore to rapidly continue with translation when stress conditions cease. Importantly, increased levels of plant aaRSs during stress may serve as a pool of aaRS proteins that can participate directly in stress\u0000responses through their noncanonical activities.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49376389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Phenolic compounds in two subspecies of Drypis spinosa L. (Caryophyllaceae) in Croatia 克罗埃西亚石竹科两个亚种的酚类化合物

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-09-04 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2020-015

D. Kremer, I. Košir, T. Potočnik, Nikolina Rogulj, Karla Načinović, M. Randić, R. Grubešić, S. Srečec

{"title":"Phenolic compounds in two subspecies of Drypis spinosa L. (Caryophyllaceae) in Croatia","authors":"D. Kremer, I. Košir, T. Potočnik, Nikolina Rogulj, Karla Načinović, M. Randić, R. Grubešić, S. Srečec","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2020-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2020-015","url":null,"abstract":"As a contribution to chemotaxonomic relations, a quantitative analysis of bioactive phenolic compounds was carried out for the first time in Drypis spinosa L. subsp. spinosa and D. spinosa subsp. jacquiniana Murb.\u0000et Wettst. ex Murb. in Croatia. Total polyphenols (TP), tannins (T) and\u0000total flavonoids (TF) were determined in samples of leaves, stems, and roots using UV-Vis spectrophotometric methods. For the subsp. spinosa, the highest content of TF was in leaves (0.09%), as was the highest amount of TP (2.36%) and T (1.12%). In the subsp. jacquiniana, the highest contents of TF (0.10%), TP (1.96%), and T (0.88%) were measured in stems. Coumaric, ferulic and rosmarinic acid were identified and quantified by HPLC analysis in both subspecies. Quercetin and sinapic acid were identified only in subsp. spinosa, while rutin and naringenin were found only in subsp. jacquiniana. Among them, ferulic acid was identified only in flowers of both subspecies. The results of this study\u0000represent a useful basis for further research of phytochemical and eventually phytotherapeutic potential of D. spinosa.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.37427/botcro-2020-015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48003921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Phototrophic biofilms and microbial mats from the marine littoral of the central Mediterranean 地中海中部沿海的光养生物膜和微生物席

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-09-04 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2020-031

Zammit Gabrielle, Schembri Sarah, Fenech Mark

{"title":"Phototrophic biofilms and microbial mats from the marine littoral of the central Mediterranean","authors":"Zammit Gabrielle, Schembri Sarah, Fenech Mark","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2020-031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2020-031","url":null,"abstract":"Phototrophic biofilm and microbial mat communities grow along the rocky coastline of the Maltese islands. This research involved studying phototrophs from the mediolittoral and supralittoral zones over a two-year period and seasonal changes were observed. Attachment of pioneer microorganisms to the porous eroded limestone bedrock was facilitated via a gelatinous matrix composed of exopolymeric substances (EPS). In submerged areas, such as undisturbed rock pools, these progressively formed green or brown compact biofilms, some of which thickened over the spring to form microbial mats via the production of more extensive EPS layers. Microbial mats gradually attained a lighter colouration due to the presence of ultraviolet (UV) screening pigments. In full summer, they were observed to shrink, detach from the exposed substrate, harden and progressively calcify. Biofilm microorganisms survived the harsh summer months in sheltered areas. The major biofilm formers were filamentous non-heterocytous cyanobacteria belonging to the\u0000Leptolyngbyaceae, Pseudanabaenaceae and Oscillatoriaceae. Their sheaths\u0000were thick, lamellated and often confluent. A higher biodiversity of phototrophs was observed in late autumn and winter, when tufts of heterocytous Calothrix sp. grew on thin compact biofilms of Nodosilinea sp., Toxifilum sp. and Phormidesmis spp., while Lyngbya spp. trichomes were surrounded by thick brown sheaths. Germlings of green and brown macroalgal species belonging to Ulva, Cladophora and Sphacelaria were embedded in biofilms and microbial mats and gradually grew to form extensive macroalgal covers submerged in rock pools. Erythrotrichia sp. filaments colonised the mediolittoral zone and were confined to areas that were exposed to wave action and submerged intermittently. Over the summer, macroalgal coverage diminished and microalgal biofilms and microbial mats prevailed in rock pools.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70056286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Plant development, gas exchanges and pigments of Mesosphaerum suaveolens submitted to osmoconditioning and saline stress 中球形藻在渗透调节和盐胁迫下的植物发育、气体交换和色素

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2021-005

F. Figueiredo, J. S. Nóbrega, R. T. Fátima, T. I. Silva, R. G. Nascimento, Maria de Fátima de Queiroz Lopes, T. J. Dias, R. Bruno

{"title":"Plant development, gas exchanges and pigments of Mesosphaerum suaveolens submitted to osmoconditioning and saline stress","authors":"F. Figueiredo, J. S. Nóbrega, R. T. Fátima, T. I. Silva, R. G. Nascimento, Maria de Fátima de Queiroz Lopes, T. J. Dias, R. Bruno","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2021-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2021-005","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity is one of the main plant abiotic stresses which affects the establishment and development crops. Hence, the search for technologies that minimize the damage caused by salinity is essential. The aim of the\u0000present work was to evaluate the effect of salinity stress and osmotic conditioning of seeds on the biomass, gas exchanges and chlorophyll pigments in Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze. The statistical design adopted was a randomized block design, combined according to the Central\u0000Composite Design, referring to electrical conductivities of irrigation water and osmotic potentials, with minimum (- α) and maximum (α) values of 0.5 and 10.0 dS m-1 and 0.0 and -1.0 MPa, respectively, totaling nine\u0000combinations. The characteristics of dry biomass, gas exchange and chlorophyll indices were evaluated at 45 days after irrigation with saline water started. The salinity of irrigation water severely affected\u0000the dry biomass and the gas exchanges of M. suaveolens. Irrigation water of electrical conductivity above 3.2 dS m-1 caused reductions in chlorophyll a, b and total contents in M. suaveolens plants. Seed osmoconditioning did not attenuate the negative effects of saline stress\u0000on M. suaveolens plants.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.37427/botcro-2021-005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44114192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

An analysis of research into urban flora and vegetation in Southeast Europe 东南欧城市动植物研究分析

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2021-004

S. Jovanovic, M. Glišic

{"title":"An analysis of research into urban flora and vegetation in Southeast Europe","authors":"S. Jovanovic, M. Glišic","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2021-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2021-004","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, the number of research articles focused on urban ecosystems in Europe has increased significantly. However, the cities investigated are very unevenly distributed, and most of the studies are focused on Central Europe. The aim of this analysis was to provide a realistic insight into the results of previous research into the urban flora and vegetation of Southeast Europe. The analysis covers a\u0000total of 149 articles, classified according to the topic and concept of\u0000research. The rates of exploration of urban flora and vegetation vary considerably across the countries of Southeast Europe. The floristic approach was the most common. Although some countries of Southeast Europe have a significant number of floristic studies (e.g. Serbia and Croatia with more than 20 each), their urban flora is still insufficiently explored compared to other European regions. Also, the use of different methodologies makes it impossible to compare results in\u0000an adequate way and draw relevant conclusions. Unlike the studies in most of Europe, with a broader spatial framework and uniform methodology, in Southeast Europe they usually referred to individual cities, specific habitats or certain parts of the cities. Hence, including Southeast Europe in large-scale studies would be beneficial.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.37427/botcro-2021-004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43517653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Ornithogalum sibthorpii Greuter (Asparagaceae), a species overlooked in Croatia 芦笋科的一种，在克罗地亚被忽视

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2021-003

M. Rat, S. Bogdanović

引用次数: 1

Carex phyllostachys (Cyperaceae), a new species in Croatia 标题克罗地亚一新种毛竹

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2021-002

Ana Terlević, Jacob Koopman, H. Więcław, I. Rešetnik, S. Bogdanović

引用次数: 3

Crocus adamioides (Iridaceae) in the Bulgarian flora 保加利亚植物区系的藏红花(鸢尾科)

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2021-008

T. Raycheva, K. Stoyanov, S. Naimov, Elena Apostolova-Kuzova

{"title":"Crocus adamioides (Iridaceae) in the Bulgarian flora","authors":"T. Raycheva, K. Stoyanov, S. Naimov, Elena Apostolova-Kuzova","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2021-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2021-008","url":null,"abstract":"Crocus adamioides Kernd. et Pasche, as it is currently known, was originally treated as C. biflorus Mill. subsp. adamii B. Mathew in the flora of Bulgaria by Mathew (1982) and verified by Rukšāns (2017). The taxon was afterwards described as a separate species (Kerndorff et al. 2012), the holotype being collected in Kırklareli Province, European Turkey. The species was for the first time mapped in two floristic regions of Bulgaria. The diagnostic characters based on the general morphology and leaf anatomy were defined from the natural populations of\u0000the species and compared to the type specimen and relevant data from the literature. The phylogenetic position of the species was clarified by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS: ITS1 + 5.SsrDNA + ITS2) and comparison of the obtained sequence with those annotated in NCBI. A phylogenetic tree was built using Bayesian phylogeny. Results have shown the highest degree of phylogenetic similarity with C. adamioides from Turkey. The closest relative C. ranjeloviciorum Kernd., Pasche, Harpke et Raca remains in the proximity.\u0000Our morphological, anatomical and molecular analyses have revealed that\u0000the Bulgarian population shows a peculiar combination of characters specific to C. adamioides.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.37427/botcro-2021-008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43058823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Anatomical investigations of the Turkish critically endangered species: Achillea sivasica Çelik et Akpulat (Asteraceae) 土耳其极度濒危物种Achillea sivasicaÇelik et Akpulat（菊科）的解剖学研究

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2021-006

M. Tekin, Şeyda Akdere

{"title":"Anatomical investigations of the Turkish critically endangered species: Achillea sivasica Çelik et Akpulat (Asteraceae)","authors":"M. Tekin, Şeyda Akdere","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2021-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2021-006","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the root, stem, leaf midrib and leaf lamina anatomy and achene micromorphology of the Turkish critically endangered endemic Achillea sivasica were investigated for the first time. In this study, the root was found in late primary growth and in early secondary growth stage. It has a large cortex layer consisting of 12-16 cell rows beneath\u0000the periderm. Secretory ducts formed by 5-12 secretory cells embedded in the cortex and located near the vascular bundle were found at the root, which was in the early stage of secondary development. The stem was circular-pentagonal in cross-section. There was lamellar collenchyma\u0000beneath epidermis of pentagon corners, and cortex parenchyma between corners. Secretory ducts located near the phloem, between the cortex and\u0000endodermis on the interfascicular region, were also observed. An endodermis layer was evident and its cells have indentations and protrusions where they touch adjacent endodermis cells, which strengthens the connection between them. In addition, casparian strips were conspicuous in many endodermis cells. The leaf midrib area had a triangular cross section. There were secretory ducts, consisting of 4-5 secretory cells observed on both sides of the sclerenchymatous fibers that accompany the xylem. The leaf lamina was amphistomatic and stomata type was anomocytic. Mesophyll layer was equifacial. There was a large secretory duct and its diameter is bigger than the nearest main lamina vascular bundle. Achene shape of A. sivasica was lanceolate-oblong and its surface was ribbed and glabrous.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.37427/botcro-2021-006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47841371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Silver nanoparticles affect germination and photosynthesis in tobacco seedlings 银纳米粒子影响烟草幼苗萌发和光合作用

IF 1.3 4区生物学

Acta Botanica Croatica Pub Date : 2020-07-21 DOI: 10.37427/botcro-2020-029

Renata Biba, P. Cvjetko, M. Tkalec, P. Štefanić, Jasenka Šabarić, Mirela Jukić, Sandra Šikić, B. Balen

{"title":"Silver nanoparticles affect germination and photosynthesis in tobacco seedlings","authors":"Renata Biba, P. Cvjetko, M. Tkalec, P. Štefanić, Jasenka Šabarić, Mirela Jukić, Sandra Šikić, B. Balen","doi":"10.37427/botcro-2020-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37427/botcro-2020-029","url":null,"abstract":"Extensive commercialization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) raises the risk of their accumulation in the soil-plant system. Once released into the environment, AgNPs are prone to chemical transformations, which make\u0000it hard to determine whether their phytotoxic effects are purely NP-related or a consequence of released Ag+ ions. In this study the effects of 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 μM AgNPs and AgNO3 on seed germination and early growth of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) seedlings\u0000were compared. Additionally, the effects on photosynthetic performance and pigment content were investigated. Germination rate and index values\u0000indicated delayed and slower germination in some AgNP treatments. Lower\u0000AgNP concentrations stimulated root growth, but induced a prominent reduction in fresh weight. By contrast, all AgNO3 concentrations inhibited root growth but only the higher ones decreased fresh weight. Obtained results imply that the observed AgNP toxicity could be ascribed\u0000to NP form and can be correlated with high AgNP stability in the solid medium. On the other hand, the majority of AgNP and AgNO3 treatments induced an increase in chlorophyll content that was accompanied by significantly lower values of relative electron transport rate and coefficient of photochemical quenching, implying an inhibition of the electron transport chain. A similar impact of AgNPs and AgNO3 on photosynthesis can be correlated with lower stability of AgNPs in a liquid medium, resulting in AgNP aggregation and dissolution of Ag+ ions.","PeriodicalId":6967,"journal":{"name":"Acta Botanica Croatica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.37427/botcro-2020-029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44566859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9