Academic Journal of Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Elemental and Ecological Health Risk Assessment of Wastewater and Soils Collected During the Wet Season at Selected Industrial Sites in Kano Nigeria","authors":"Salisi Salisu, Anhwange B. A., Peter Adie A.","doi":"10.32861/ajc.91.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.91.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the elemental analysis of soils and effluents collected from selected manufacturing industries in Kano metropolis of Nigeria West Africa for the wet season of 2020 has been carried out using standard analytical methods, Analar grade reagents and approved calibrated equipment. All samples were analyzed in triplicates and the outcome values are presented as mean concentration in mg/kg. The mean concentration of heavy metals evaluated such as Co, Cd, Cr, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni and Pb show mixed levels (excessive, moderate and normal levels) when compared to the recommended levels by NESREA. Contamination factor (CF) and contamination degree (Cd) was determined for investigated elements in all 58 samples. CF for Ni, Pb, Fe, Mn and Zn were all ˂ 1, implying no potential ecological risk contamination. Enrichment factor (EF) was calculated to determine anthropogenic input of metals in all the samples investigated. High enrichment factor for samples MW, MS, ADS, FS, PPS, MW, DW, PPW, MyW, DFS, DS, AS, LZS, 7upW, and DFW (67.2 % of the samples), The mean concentration of the metals is an indication of pollution was tested with a high implication outcome most likely, when samples are continuously emptied into the environment untreated. Safe to remind us that heavy metals are toxic with excessive human health risks.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139599279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Zn2+ Selective Fluorescence Probe Based on Pyrene Derivatives","authors":"Huang Jin, Lin Xinyu, Hua Siwei, et. al.","doi":"10.32861/ajc.84.76.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.84.76.81","url":null,"abstract":"A Zn2+-selective fluorescent probe derived from pyrene derivatives was synthesized and characterized based on c=N isomerization which indicated that the O and N atoms in P indeed played important roles in the course of binding with Zn2+. The fluorescence intensity of the probe at 522 nm was enhanced with the addition of Zn2+ over other metal ions. In the concentration range of 1-9 μM, there was an obvious linear correlation between the fluorescent intensity at 522 nm and the concentration of Zn2+. The limit of detection (LOD) was obtained as low as 0.33 μM of Zn2+. The UV-vis spectra also indicated the binding of between the probe and Zn2+. The design concept will provide ideas for the development of fluorescent probes.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139138231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadmium Removal from Synthetic Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption on Peanut Shells: Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies","authors":"Kouassi Kouadio Dobi-Brice, Yacouba Zoungranan, Koffi Kouakou Urbain, et. al.","doi":"10.32861/ajc.84.66.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.84.66.75","url":null,"abstract":"Peanut shells were used in this study as an adsorbent carrier in the treatment of wastewater containing a trace metal element (TME), namely cadmium, a pollutant with adverse effects on health and the environment. The influences of contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate, initial cadmium concentration, adsorbent mass, reaction medium temperature and solution pH were evaluated. To determine the optimum parameters, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were applied to the experimental results of the contact time study. Similarly, experimental results relating to the influence of concentration and temperature were modeled. Modeling of the data from the adsorbate-adsorbent contact time study showed that the kinetics of the cadmium adsorption reaction are well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherm of the adsorption mechanism of cadmium ions (Cd2+) by peanut shells is perfectly described by the Freundlich equation. Thermodynamic studies using temperature variation have shown that adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic. This study led to a low entropy during cadmium adsorption. The best adsorption capacity was obtained at low pH = 5, i.e. favorable adsorption in acidic media.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138611674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental (NMR) and Theoretical (DFT Method) Studies of the Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction of 1-Methyl-4-, 6- and 7-NitroIndazoles by 2-(p-Tolyl) Acetonitrile","authors":"Assoman Kouakou, Mougo André Tigori, Cissé M’Bouillé","doi":"10.32861/ajc.83.45.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.83.45.55","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical and experimental study of the reactivity between alkyl nitroindazole molecules and aryl acetonitrile molecules was evaluated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) using a basis set of B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) level and experimental Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) data. Global quantum chemical parameters derived from DFT showed that these compounds are reactive while NMR data indicated the influence of nitro group on ortho, meta and para positions. The distinction atoms capable of undergoing nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks at the level of each molecule were spread by Fukui functions and dual descriptor. This distinction has helped to explain the mechanism of some nitro derivatives formation. Experimental and theoretical results are convergent and consistent.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136293480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Assessment of the Antioxidant Activity of the Mucilage Contained in Baobab Leaves and Bark (Adansonia Digitata L) of Senegal","authors":"Babacar Sadikh Yatte, Diégane Sarr, Khémesse Kital","doi":"10.32861/ajc.83.56.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.83.56.65","url":null,"abstract":"The present work involved determining the chemical composition and assessing the antioxidant activity of the mucilage contained in baobab leaves and bark. The mucilage from each organ was obtained separately in two beakers by extraction with ethanol and acetone. Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of various families of compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins in the organic extracts. Antioxidant power was assessedusing the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH-) radical scavenging method, based on determination of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50).This study shows that the solvent and the plant organ affect antioxidant activity. In fact, for ethanolic and acetonic extracts of leaves, the IC50 value varied respectively between 3.58 and 3.98 mg/mL then between 3.83 and 5.32 mg/mL; while for ethanolic and acetonic extracts of bark, the values found varied respectively between 6.49 and 8.12 mg/mL then between 5.51 and 9.11 mg/mL. These results therefore show that organic leaf extracts have a greater DPPH- radical scavenging capacity than organic bark extracts. However, the most powerful antioxidant power is observed in the ethanolic leaf extracts, where the values found are relatively lower and remain below those of ascorbic acid, the reference reducing compound (IC50 = 4.12 mg/mL).A statistical analysis showed that only the leaves had an influence on antioxidant activity, so baobab leaves could be used as a food additive.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136295318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reaction Mechanism and Kinetics Study of Wheat Polysaccharide via Modified Reductor Technique in Bead Making Process","authors":"C. A. Idibie, K. J. Awatefe, P. D. Clark","doi":"10.32861/ajc.82.40.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.82.40.44","url":null,"abstract":"The reaction mechanism and kinetics investigation of the substitution of titanium in wheat flour polysaccharide (referred to here as titaniumation) in aqua medium during bead making process was carried out. The use of the Modified Reductor Technique was implored to study the reaction kinetics. The study was carried out at varying temperatures between 25 – 70oC. The study showed that the titaniumation of the wheat polysaccharide molecules increased with time and temperature. Hence, at 25oC, the degree of titaniumation (DT) of the ring increased from 0.41 % to 0.49 % and at elevated temperature of 70oC, DT increased from 0.58 to 0.94 % as time progressed from 30 to 210 mins, respectively, while keeping both amount of wheat polysaccharide and TiO2 constant, and thus achieving >1.9-fold. This also implies that the titaniumation of wheat polysaccharide using TiO2 is favourable at elevated temperature. The study was able to reveal that the reaction mechanism of the titaniumation of the polysaccharide molecules is an electrophilic substitution reaction, favouring the ortho position, while the kinetics study showed that the titaniumation reaction is of first order reaction.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74762397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design a Cu2+ Fluorescent Probe Derived from Pyrene","authors":"Shu-ting Zhang, Xiao Lin, Xiao Ling, et. al.","doi":"10.32861/ajc.82.36.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.82.36.39","url":null,"abstract":"A Cu2+ probe based on pyrene derivatives was introduced. Compared to other metal ions, it exhibited a highly selective and sensitive fluorescence response to Cu2+.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75468096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of Highly Selective Cu2+ Fluorescent Probe Based on Pyrene Derivatives","authors":"Lin Xinyu, Zhang Jun, Chunwei Yu","doi":"10.32861/ajc.82.25.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.82.25.29","url":null,"abstract":"A new probe P was synthesized and characterized from pyrene formaldehyde. The probe showed good selectivity for Cu2+ over other metal ions in ethanol-water solution (Vethanol:Vwater=3.5:1.5, pH 6.5, 0.02 M HEPES). With the increasing of Cu2+ concentration (2-10 μM), the P-Cu2+ system displayed excellent linear relationship at 464 nm with the detection limit down to 0.66 μM.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82732527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Analysis of Essential Trace Elements in Wastewater Samples Collected from Four Different Mines","authors":"Alegbe Alegbe, J. John, Moronkola , et, al.","doi":"10.32861/ajc.82.30.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.82.30.35","url":null,"abstract":"Mine water contains trace heavy metals which are some essential trace elements in high concentrations causing the pollution of nearby water bodies, related ground waters and soils degradation. The aim of the study is to identify and quantify the essential trace elements present in the different mine water samples and their level of toxicity. Digestion technique was employed to pretreat the mine wastewater before analysis. Physicochemical analysis was conducted for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and salinity. The samples collected from four different locations are Sample A (Gold mine), Sample B (Copper mine), Sample C (Iron mine), Sample D (Tin mine). The raw or untreated mine water samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The results showed the essential trace elements present in all the mine water samples are Mn, Cu, Fe and Zn. Cu is highly concentrated in copper (73.87 mg/L) and tin (2.09 mg/L) mine water while Fe is dominant in water samples collected from gold (7.19 mg/L) and iron (13.12 mg/L) mine. In conclusion, the essential trace elements Mn, Cu, and Fe present in all the mines are very high and can be harmful to human life in the environment but the concentrations of Zn in the entire mine water samples are within the permissible level of standard drinking water and hence it can pose no threat to human life.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88050935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on Electrochemical Properties of Polycarbazole Prepared Via Self-Support Polymerization and Self-Doping","authors":"S. Shakshooki, F. A. El-Akari, L. A. Abouderbala, A. A. Alahemmer","doi":"10.32861/ajc.81.12.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32861/ajc.81.12.24","url":null,"abstract":"Mixed glassy zirconium-tin phosphate, g-Zr0.64.Sn.0.36(HPO4)2.3H2O(g-ZrSnP), nano fibrous cerium phosphate, Ce(HPO4)2 2,9H2O(nCePf), and mixed glassy zirconium-tin phosphate / fibrous cerium phosphate nanocomposite membrane, [g-Zr0.64 Sn0.36 (HPO4)2]0.25 [Ce(HPO4)2]0.75 ..4.43H2O, were prepared and characterized. By chemical , x-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), Zirconium tin mole ratio were estimated using (EDAX). Novel [g-Zr0.64 Sn0.36 (HPO4)2]0.25 [Ce(HPO4)2]0.75 / polycarbazole nanocomposite membrane was prepared via self-support polymerization of carbazole, which was promoted by the reduction of Ce(iv) phosphate present in the inorganic matrix. Possible explanation is nCePf present on the surface of the nanocomposite is attacked by carbazole, converted to cerium (III) orthophosphate(CePO4). The resultant polycarbazole was characterized by C,H,N analysis, SEM ,FT-IR. UV-Vis and electrical conductance measurements. From elemental (C,H,N) analysis, the amount of polycarbazole present in the composite found to be (2.15 % in wt.). Polycarbazole is considered as one of modern material used in solar cells, furthermore it has become an important material for optoelectronic applications in recent years. The dc conductivity of polycarbazole nanocomposite membrane at 280C (using RC-Circuit) found to be equal to 3x10-5 Scm-1, range of semi-conductors. We suggest self-doping occurred on polymerization, which is due to H+ present in (O3POH)2 groups of [g-Zr0.64 Sn0.36 (HPO4)2]0.25. The electrochemistry of resultant polycarbazole in acetonitrile solution for a range of concentrations from 1.06 x10-4 to 2.19 x 10–3 mol dm-3 was carried out using CV techniques. Investigation of its electrochemical properties affords insight into the mechanisms for their oxidation and reduction, therefore provides the basis for evaluating the stabilities of the material and for designing novel polycarbazole-derived materials with desired properties as well as new devices. That will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":6965,"journal":{"name":"Academic Journal of Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86830361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}