Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-05-19DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2026.2631992
Raquel Pinheiro-Silva, André Ferreira, Luis Orelhas, Lara Romana-Dias, Hugo Ribeiro, João Rocha-Neves
{"title":"Glycated hemoglobin as a long-term predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.","authors":"Raquel Pinheiro-Silva, André Ferreira, Luis Orelhas, Lara Romana-Dias, Hugo Ribeiro, João Rocha-Neves","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2631992","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2631992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several biomarkers are known to predict long-term complications after non-cardiac surgery, including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), myocardial infarction, and death. Carotid endarterectomy (CEA), a low to medium-risk procedure for carotid stenosis, aims to prevent stroke. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) may hold prognostic value for MACE. This study evaluates the role of HbA1c in predicting all-cause mortality and MACE in patients undergoing CEA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A post hoc analysis was conducted using data from a prospective database of patients who underwent CEA under regional anesthesia at a tertiary referral center between January 2014 and December 2023. Patients with HbA1c measured within three months prior to surgery were included and divided into two groups (HbA1c <6.5% vs. ≥6.5%). Kaplan-Meier survival and multivariable Cox regression analyses assessed the impact of HbA1c on outcomes. The primary outcome was the incidence of long-term MACE and all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included stroke, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute heart failure (AHF), and major adverse limb events (MALE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 65 patients (mean age 71.4 ± 8.5 years; 81.5% male) were included, with a median follow-up of 30 months. Patients with HbA1c ≥6.5% were significantly younger. Elevated HbA1c was associate with trend toward more stroke risk (log-rank <i>p</i> = 0.045, HR: 3.2 (CI: 0.96-10.7, <i>p</i> = 0.059) HbA1c was an independent predictor of MALE (aHR: 3.387, <i>p</i> = 0.037), while its association with stroke did not reach significance (<i>p</i> = 0.059).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HbA1c appears to be a useful, accessible biomarker for vascular risk stratification in patients undergoing CEA.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-28DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2026.2636118
Mahmut Yilmaz, Aytekin Unlu, Ismail Hakki Ozerhan, Oner Mentes
{"title":"The prognostic role of Hashimoto's thyroiditis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: insights from a single-center cohort study.","authors":"Mahmut Yilmaz, Aytekin Unlu, Ismail Hakki Ozerhan, Oner Mentes","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2636118","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2636118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common autoimmune thyroid disorder, while papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most prevalent thyroid malignancy. The association between HT and PTC remains debated, with some studies suggesting a protective effect of HT against aggressive PTC features. This study explores the relationship between HT and PTC in a single-center cohort, focusing on clinicopathological and prognostic factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included adult patients who underwent thyroid surgery between 2009 and 2017. Patients were divided into two groups: those with concurrent PTC and HT (Group 1, <i>n</i> = 68) and those with PTC alone (Group 2, <i>n</i> = 329). Demographic, laboratory, and pathological data were compared using appropriate statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant association between HT and PTC was observed (χ<sup>2</sup>=5.3; <i>p</i> = 0.021; OR: 1.682). Group 1 patients were more often female and significantly younger. TSH levels were higher in Group 1 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and follow-up duration was longer (<i>p</i> = 0.023). Although the mean tumor diameter was smaller in the HT group, the difference was not statistically significant. No significant differences were found regarding multifocality, capsular invasion, or lymphovascular invasion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of HT appears to be significantly associated with the occurrence of PTC and may be linked to a less aggressive clinical profile, as suggested by younger age and higher TSH levels. The longer follow-up duration observed in HT patients may reflect more vigilant surveillance due to underlying autoimmune pathology. However, the retrospective and single-center design limits generalizability. Prospective, multicenter studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"95-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147281747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Current concepts in falciform ligament hernia diagnosis and treatment. A systematic review.","authors":"Epameinondas Stratopoulos, Georgios Papadopoulos, Despoina Sidira, Dimitrios Filippou","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2648301","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2648301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falciform ligament hernia (FLH) is a highly uncommon type of internal hernia. This internal hernia presents diagnostic difficulties due to its ambiguous clinical symptoms, which can resemble other causes of acute abdominal pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review of cases of falciform ligament hernia was conducted on 5th December 2024 according to PRISMA guidelines and using PubMed and Google Scholar databases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 103 articles, 36 were included in our review. In total 50 patients were reported. The median age at diagnosis was 41 years. Upper abdominal pain and vomiting were the predominant symptoms. Computed Tomography (CT) scan was instrumental in detecting this rare hernia. Despite this, a definitive diagnosis is often established in the surgical setting. The causes of FLH are diverse, including both congenital and acquired elements. Congenital factors (70%) may involve embryological defects or complete failure in the development of the falciform ligament. Acquired causes might stem mainly from previous abdominal procedures (28%) or injuries (2%). The small bowel was responsible for 78% of cases. Emergency laparotomy was performed in 70% of patients, while 28% were managed with laparoscopy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The treatment for FLH is solely surgical. Laparoscopic methods are preferred, providing faster recovery, enhanced visualization for reducing the hernia, and assessing bowel viability. In cases of severe complications such as bowel ischemia and perforation, open surgery may be necessary. Prompt surgical intervention is crucial to achieve a positive outcome and reduce morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"77-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147479420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-02-23DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2026.2634743
Toon J L Kuypers, Kim Daenens
{"title":"Vascular handlebar syndrome in a triathlete: a case report.","authors":"Toon J L Kuypers, Kim Daenens","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2634743","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2634743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Handlebar syndrome has a low incidence and its presentation can be quite different making the diagnosis sometimes challenging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present a rare case of the handlebar syndrome in which the handlebar of a bike injures the common femoral artery with an atypical clinical presentation. A written informed consent was obtained from the patient, and the study was approved by the Ethics Committee Research UZ/KU Leuven with the corresponding reference number S70224.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The case is a unique late presentation of the handlebar syndrome with only mild symptoms during high-intensity exercise, with normal arterial pulsations and a murmur in the groin. The patient was initially conservatively treated. Although symptoms decreased, there was still a loss of power during maximal intense efforts, and the ankle-brachial index dropped on the bike with a duplex showing low-grade stenosis in the common femoral artery. We performed femoral endarterectomy using a bovine patch. Postoperatively, the patient was symptom-free during intense exercise.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diagnosis could be missed in the absence of early symptoms, posing a risk in children with respect to limb growth and length. Treatment is patient- and lesion-tailored, and mostly performed by open surgery, although conservative management has also been described.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"106-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-05-06DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2026.2668364
A Moreno-Egea, C Moreno-Latorre, A Moreno-Latorre
{"title":"Langenbeck's legacy to the specialty of abdominal wall and hernias: father, Conrad Johan Martin L. and son, Maximilian Adolf L.","authors":"A Moreno-Egea, C Moreno-Latorre, A Moreno-Latorre","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2668364","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2668364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The history of inguinal hernia surgery has gone through many stages of development, but none as intense as the radical cure stage. Of the founding fathers of the specialty, history has left out Conrad Johan Martin Langenbeck and forgotten his son, Maximilian Adolf.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Analyze the importance of the Langenbecks, Father and Son, in relation to the specialty of Abdominal Wall and Hernias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The contributions of the Langenbecks, father and son, to the anatomical and surgical science of hernias were remarkable and groundbreaking, especially in the challenging pre-antiseptic era. Their studies and experiences were fundamental to understanding current surgical practices for hernia repair. The research presented in this article demonstrates the individual legacy of the Langenbecks in both the anatomy and surgery of inguinal hernias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Langenbecks championed the role of the university-trained anatomical surgeon as essential for operating on hernias with low morbidity; they were pioneers in adapting personalized treatment and laid the groundwork for understanding the posterior approach and plug hernioplasty. History should recognize them as the founding fathers of the specialty.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"110-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2026.2617870
Pavlos Lytsikas-Sarlis, Konstantinos Laios, Constantinos G Zografos, Christina Nikolaou, Georgios Tsakotos, Konstantinos G Apostolou, Tsoucalas Gregory, Dimitrios Schizas
{"title":"Plastic surgery in 19th century in Greece. The important role of professor Theodoros Aretaios (1829-1893).","authors":"Pavlos Lytsikas-Sarlis, Konstantinos Laios, Constantinos G Zografos, Christina Nikolaou, Georgios Tsakotos, Konstantinos G Apostolou, Tsoucalas Gregory, Dimitrios Schizas","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2617870","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2617870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To highlight the practice of plastic surgery in Greece during the nineteenth century, its possibilities, limits, and novelties, which mark the beginning of Greek plastic surgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Study of nineteenth century Greek medical literature and medical archive kept today in National Library of Greece, which are for the first time brought to light.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greek physicians tried to use skin grafts in order to reconstruct facial trauma, deformities, and treat oncological patients. Greek physicians kept up to date and followed the international achievements in plastic surgery at the time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most prominent figure of Greek surgery during the nineteenth century, Professor Theodoros Aretaios (1829-1893), played a leading role in the development of Greek plastic surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"62-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145987552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-02-28DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2026.2633016
Francesca Tozzi, Gilles Soenens, Halima Guelai, Effa Altaf, Isabelle Van Herzeele, Frederik Berrevoet, Niki Rashidian
{"title":"Bullying, undermining behavior, and harassment during general surgery training in Belgium: a national cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Francesca Tozzi, Gilles Soenens, Halima Guelai, Effa Altaf, Isabelle Van Herzeele, Frederik Berrevoet, Niki Rashidian","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2633016","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2633016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bullying, undermining behavior, and harassment (BUBH) persist as ongoing concerns in healthcare, particularly within stressful environments. This study aims to explore the prevalence and characteristics of BUBH among Belgian general surgery residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was distributed online using an anonymous link through newsletters and social media channels of the Belgian Association of Surgical Trainees. The survey comprised 54 questions including: A) demographic; B) instances of BUBH, adapted from the validated Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror and the Negative Acts Questionnaire; C) reporting, perpetrators, and management of BUBH derived from the survey developed by Rouleaux Club (United Kingdom).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-six surgical residents, aged 24 to 40 years, participated. Of them, 18 (32%) were junior, 26 (56%) senior, and seven (12%) were enrolled in a research trajectory. Most respondents were Caucasian (82%), female (61%), heterosexual (93%), and without disability (98%). BUBH was experienced by 38 (68%) residents, while 44 (79%) witnessed BUBH towards their colleagues. Main perpetrators were consultants (<i>n</i> = 40/132; 30%) and nursing staff (<i>n</i> = 28/132; 21%). Reported behaviors included an unmanageable workload (<i>n</i> = 53; 95%), ignored opinions, (<i>n</i> = 52; 93%) and working below competence (<i>n</i> = 51; 91%). BUBH primarily occurred in operating rooms (39%), hospital wards (34%), or emergency rooms (11%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first national study examining BUBH during surgical training in Belgium. Results highlight how BUBH is often misidentified and underreported. Proactive measures, educational programs, and support networks are essential to effectively address and mitigate these issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"43-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146199948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-03DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2025.2611452
A Mathys, H Vanommeslaeghe, Y Van Nieuwenhove, E Van Daele
{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis: robotic versus laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair, is there a difference in Clavien Dindo score?","authors":"A Mathys, H Vanommeslaeghe, Y Van Nieuwenhove, E Van Daele","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2025.2611452","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2025.2611452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair is considered the golden standard. Since its entrance in the mid-'00s, robotic surgery has been available in every modern operating center. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analyses is to compare laparoscopic versus robotic surgical hiatal hernia repair regarding clinically relevant postoperative complications, using the Clavien Dindo score 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After registration in PROSPERO, a literature review was performed following the PRISMA flow diagram, resulting in eleven studies. Their quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottowa scale. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. Statistical analysis was performed using Python. The primary outcome was Clavien Dindo score 3, the secondary outcomes were mortality, intraoperative complications, postoperative complications, length of stay and operation time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies (182.467 patients in total, 12.056 robotic surgical repairs) were analyzed. The meta-analysis showed no statistically significant result between CD score 3 (OR = 0,68 (95% CI 0,27 - 1,72)). From the investigated secondary outcomes, only intraoperative complications showed a significant difference favoring robotic repair (OR = 0,41 (95% CI 0,22 - 0,76) and <i>p</i>-value = 0,005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Robotic hiatal hernia repair shows less intraoperative complications in comparison to laparoscopic repair. With the current available literature, no difference in Clavien Dindo score 3 is seen. To investigate the full potential of robotic surgery, prospective studies should be performed with surgeons who have passed their learning curve. Subgroup analyses regarding giant hiatal hernia and redo surgery should be performed. A uniform definition of 'giant' hiatal hernia is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"33-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145888395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2026.2616127
Nobels Sarah, Thierry Bové
{"title":"Resection of intracardiac tumors in infants.","authors":"Nobels Sarah, Thierry Bové","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2616127","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2026.2616127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracardiac tumors in children are rare, mostly benign, and occasionally related to genetic syndromes (p.e. tuberous sclerosis or Gorlin syndrome). Echocardiography, CT and MRI are the golden standard for diagnosis and surgical removal is indicated when the tumor is symptomatic by hemodynamic interference. We present 4 cases of infants with an intracardiac tumor, all of them needing surgical removal.</p>","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"56-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acta Chirurgica BelgicaPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-14DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2025.2604539
Semra Demirli Atici, Aras Emre Canda, Mustafa Cem Terzi
{"title":"Rethinking 'extreme' cytoreductive surgery in malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.","authors":"Semra Demirli Atici, Aras Emre Canda, Mustafa Cem Terzi","doi":"10.1080/00015458.2025.2604539","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00015458.2025.2604539","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6935,"journal":{"name":"Acta Chirurgica Belgica","volume":" ","pages":"74-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145740472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}