Acta Ophthalmologica最新文献

{"title":"Association between central serous chorioretinopathy and personality types: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Emil Ørnberg,&nbsp;Victor Bruun,&nbsp;Younes Subhi,&nbsp;Rodrigo Anguita,&nbsp;Lasse J. Cehofski,&nbsp;Lorenzo Ferro Desideri,&nbsp;Elon H. C. van Dijk,&nbsp;Michael S. Hansen,&nbsp;Oliver N. Klefter,&nbsp;Danson V. Muttuvelu,&nbsp;Line Petersen,&nbsp;M. Cem Sabaner,&nbsp;Miklos Schneider,&nbsp;M. Orkun Sevik,&nbsp;Yousif Subhi","doi":"10.1111/aos.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we systematically review and synthesize the evidence on the association between central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and personality types, and quantify the relationship between Type A behaviour and CSC. We systematically searched 12 literature databases on 5 October 2025 for studies in which personality types were evaluated in patients with CSC. Data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment followed standardized protocols. Studies were reviewed qualitatively. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed for the association between Type A behaviour and CSC. Twelve studies of 2176 participants (949 patients with CSC, 1227 controls) were included. Across studies, patients with CSC exhibited personality profiles marked by time urgency, competitiveness, emotional tension and maladaptive affect regulation, including higher neuroticism-anxiety, aggression-hostility and alexithymia scores. A significant association was found between Type A behaviour and CSC (pooled OR 3.43; 95% CI 1.94–6.07; <i>p</i> = 0.00002) in the four studies that evaluated this relationship. Sensitivity analysis confirmed robustness of the association. In conclusion, certain personality traits, particularly Type A behaviour, are associated with CSC. The relationship between personality and CSC appears biologically plausible given the role of stress-related hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activation and elevated cortisol levels, both recognized in CSC pathophysiology. However, complex biopsychosocial interactions without a direct causal pathway may also be the case. Understanding psychological predispositions may contribute to a more comprehensive view of CSC risk and care. Further longitudinal and mechanistic studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"638-648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146155646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic medications associate with surgically treated cataract among adults over 50 years in Finland","authors":"Antti Riikonen,&nbsp;Jari Haukka,&nbsp;Tuomas Lilius,&nbsp;Sirpa Loukovaara","doi":"10.1111/aos.70118","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify associations between systemic drugs and cataract surgery in Finland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A historic cohort study based on administrative data. Endpoint event was cataract surgery. Use of drugs in question was based on redeemed prescriptions and consisted of 156 drugs. Study population consisted of 106 127 individuals aged ≥50 years without diabetes originating from the 1996–2017 Fin-CARING population. We constructed a nested case–control study design comparing 17 811 cases undergoing cataract surgery to 76 532 age-, sex- and hospital district-matched controls without cataract surgery. Results are reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on conditional logistic regression models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Use of ramipril (1.14; 1.04–1.25), losartan (1.20; 1.07–1.35), bisoprolol (1.24; 1.18–1.31), amlodipine (1.16; 1.07–1.25), diltiazem (1.26; 1.06–1.49), isosorbide mononitrate (1.56; 1.44–1.70), furosemide (1.31; 1.18–1.45), simvastatin (1.17; 1.11–1.24), atorvastatin (1.17; 1.06–1.29), prednisolone (2.00; 1.64–2.42), allopurinol (1.47; 1.24–1.75), pramipexole (1.45; 1.13–1.86), testosterone (1.62; 1.03–2.55), estradiol (1.13; 1.03–1.24), oxazepam (1.26; 1.07–1.47), sertraline (1.74; 1.13–2.67) and zopiclone (1.31; 1.20–1.43) showed some evidence for an association with cataract surgery. Use of memantine (OR 0.24; 0.15–0.40), risperidone (0.72; 0.51–1.00), rivastigmine (0.35; 0.21–0.58) and donepezil (0.55; 0.40–0.76) was associated with a lower risk of cataract surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our large nested case–control study suggests that certain systemic medications may increase the incidence of surgically treated cataract, but with the possibility of residual confounding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"e630-e647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.70118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147429936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fania (Fanny) Kaplan and the attempted assassination of Vladimir Lenin: Ophthalmologic considerations","authors":"Stephen G. Schwartz,&nbsp;Christopher T. Leffler,&nbsp;Peter M. Allen,&nbsp;Andrzej Grzybowski","doi":"10.1111/aos.70073","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fania (Fanny) Kaplan (1890–1918), who was reportedly visually impaired, confessed to the attempted assassination of Soviet leader Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924) in 1918 by shooting him with a pistol. The precise nature of her visual loss is unknown and raises doubts about whether she had sufficient visual function to perform the act.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Historical documents were reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cause of Kaplan's visual loss is uncertain but occurred following a bomb blast in 1906. If the explosion was the cause, then she most likely had bilateral closed-globe, blast-related injuries, perhaps with additional functional visual loss. She reportedly received treatment at a medical centre in Kharkov (now Kharkiv), then led by the prominent ophthalmologist Leonard Girshman (1839–1921). An informal estimate of the minimum visual acuity required to shoot an adult at 10 feet (3 m) with a pistol is approximately 1.2 logMAR (Snellen equivalent 20/320 or 6/96).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on available historical documents, Kaplan's visual function was most likely sufficient to carry out the assassination attempt, although her visual impairment may have contributed to the attempt being unsuccessful.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"705-708"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146049678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aniridia-associated keratopathy: Clinical and molecular mechanisms of disease progression and emerging therapeutic targets","authors":"N. Szentmáry,&nbsp;S. Suiwal,&nbsp;M. Amini,&nbsp;F. N. Fries,&nbsp;A. Náray,&nbsp;L. Latta,&nbsp;Z. Li,&nbsp;S. Li,&nbsp;S. Liu,&nbsp;S. L. Hsu,&nbsp;S. Kundu,&nbsp;G. Tóth,&nbsp;S. Trusen,&nbsp;J. Zimmermann,&nbsp;B. Seitz,&nbsp;B. Käsmann-Kellner,&nbsp;Z. Hoxha,&nbsp;A. Langenbucher,&nbsp;O. Stachs,&nbsp;M. Cortón-Perez,&nbsp;K. Tory,&nbsp;A. Csorba,&nbsp;Z. Z. Nagy,&nbsp;M. C. Acosta,&nbsp;J. Gallar,&nbsp;M. Csidey,&nbsp;E. Maka,&nbsp;T. Stachon","doi":"10.1111/aos.70086","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Congenital aniridia is a rare genetic disorder primarily caused by pathogenic variants of the PAX6 gene. It leads to various panocular anomalies, including aniridia-associated keratopathy (AAK). This review highlights recent insights into its pathogenesis, focusing on clinical staging, microstructural changes in the cornea and molecular dysregulation. We synthesized clinical and experimental findings from large European cohorts, integrating data on over 550 eyes. AAK severity correlates with iris malformation, secondary glaucoma and lens status. In vivo confocal microscopy reveals a reduction in subbasal nerve plexus density, altered keratocyte and endothelial morphology and an increase in Langerhans cell infiltration. RNA and miRNA microarrays, as well as RNA-seq studies, highlight dysregulated miRNAs (such as miR-204-5p and miR-138-5p) and altered expression of PAX6 and keratocyte markers. Limbal fibroblasts show enhanced inflammatory responses and vulnerability to oxidative stress. Advanced AAK is associated with a reduced quality of life. The progression of AAK involves intricate interactions between developmental deficits, inflammation and changes in the limbal microenvironment, suggesting molecular targets for future therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"604-615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146111792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-physician delivered intravitreal injection service: A systematic review of safety, implementation, training and patient experience","authors":"Trang Truong Laursen,&nbsp;Haris Bralic,&nbsp;Jakob Grauslund,&nbsp;Yousif Subhi,&nbsp;Lonny Stokholm","doi":"10.1111/aos.70104","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global demand for intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy continues to rise, straining ophthalmic capacity worldwide. Task shifting from physicians to trained non-physician healthcare professionals has emerged as a potential strategy to expand service delivery. This systematic review summarizes current evidence on the safety, implementation, training and patient experiences associated with non-physician-delivered intravitreal injection services. We systematically searched 13 scientific literature databases for studies of anti-VEGF injections performed by non-physicians. Data were extracted on safety outcomes, implementation, training, supervision and patient-reported experience. Results from individual studies were qualitatively reviewed according to these four organizational themes. Sixteen studies comprising 100 150 injections were included, primarily from the United Kingdom and Scandinavia. All injectors completed structured training under an ophthalmologist's supervision. Complication rates were very low, including 0.015%–0.07% for endophthalmitis which were comparable to physician-led benchmarks. Implementation of non-physician-delivered intravitreal injection services increased clinical capacity by 25%–85%, reduced waiting times and costs, and maintained safety and efficiency. Patients reported high satisfaction, confidence and acceptance of non-physician-delivered injections. Non-physician-delivered intravitreal injection services are safe, feasible and well accepted when supported by structured training and robust governance frameworks. This task-shifting model offers a scalable solution to meet growing global demand for anti-VEGF therapy. Standardized international training and certification frameworks may further enhance safety and sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"e615-e629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.70104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146155685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the incidence and clinical significance of dry eye disease in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors? A systematic review and meta-analysis of ocular immune-related adverse events","authors":"Kai-Yang Chen,&nbsp;Hoi-Chun Chan,&nbsp;Chi-Ming Chan","doi":"10.1111/aos.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70058","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy but may cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), including dry eye disease (DED). This study aimed to quantify the incidence of ICI-associated DED and to evaluate factors contributing to variability across studies.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD420251091266). PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception through September 13, 2025. Eligible studies included adults (≥18 years) treated with ICIs (anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4)) reporting DED outcomes with extractable ICI-exposed denominators. Two independent reviewers screened studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (observational studies), ROBINS-I (non-randomized interventional studies), and Cochrane RoB 2 (randomized controlled trials). Pooled incidence and 95% confidence interval (CI) estimates were calculated using random-effects models on the logit-transformed scale and back-transformed to proportions. Subgroup analyses evaluated ICI class, combination therapy, and tumour type.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Thirteen studies were included. The pooled incidence of DED among ICI-treated patients was 2% (95% CI: 1%–3%), with marked heterogeneity across studies (0.2%–65%), likely reflecting variation in surveillance intensity, diagnostic criteria, and ascertainment approaches. Combination ICI therapy (CTLA-4 plus PD-1) demonstrated a numerically higher pooled incidence (25%) than monotherapies (CTLA-4: 5%; PD-1: 13%; PD-L1: 15%), although subgroup differences were not statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.18); these regimen-stratified estimates were derived from a limited subset of studies with extractable regimen-specific denominators and heterogeneous surveillance intensity and therefore are not directly comparable to the overall pooled incidence. Lung cancer cohorts showed higher observed rates (41%) compared with melanoma (4%) and renal cancer cohorts (32%) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.05); however, these apparent subgroup differences may reflect not only tumour- or regimen-specific biology, but also systematic differences in surveillance intensity, access to ophthalmic assessment, and referral enrichment across cohorts, which may materiall","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"e599-e614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147375708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal tomography and endothelial cell density after Paul glaucoma implant surgery","authors":"Jyri-Pekka Koskinen,&nbsp;Mika Harju,&nbsp;Juha Välimäki","doi":"10.1111/aos.70063","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate changes in corneal tomography, pachymetry and endothelial cell density (ECD) following Paul Glaucoma Implant (PGI) surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy-three patients were prospectively examined. Repeated measures <span>anova</span> was used to analyse corneal tomography, corneal thickness and ECD at baseline, 6 and 12 months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PGI surgery was not associated with clinically meaningful changes in corneal tomography parameters. Simulated astigmatism and posterior astigmatism remained stable over 12 months. Simulated average keratometry showed a small but statistically significant flattening (≈0.3 diopters), whereas posterior average keratometry remained unchanged. Although some changes reached statistical significance, their magnitude was minimal and unlikely to be clinically relevant. Central corneal thickness remained stable, but pachymetry in the tube quadrant increased in the operated eyes, while adjusted pairwise comparisons were non-significant. Central ECD did not change significantly after surgery (<i>p</i> = 0.67). In contrast, paracentral (−2.9%) and peripheral (−4.7%) ECD values declined significantly over 12 months (<i>p</i> = 0.03 and <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively) and study eyes consistently showed lower values than contralateral control eyes. However, PGI surgery did not accelerate the rate of cell loss, as the time × eye interaction was not significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PGI surgery did not induce progressive changes in corneal astigmatism or pachymetry during the first postoperative year. Central ECD remained stable, while paracentral and peripheral regions showed a moderate decline. PGI did not increase the rate of endothelial cell loss and the observed reduction was lower than previously reported for other glaucoma drainage implants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"691-699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146058514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and genetic characterization of BEST1-associated retinal dystrophies in the Norwegian population","authors":"Erlend Sæther,&nbsp;Geir Bertelsen,&nbsp;Ragnheidur Bragadottir,&nbsp;Josephine Prener Holtan","doi":"10.1111/aos.70065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>BEST1 variants are the third leading cause of inherited retinal dystrophies in Norway. The purpose of this study was to describe the BEST1-associated retinal dystrophy (BEST1-RD) population genetically and clinically, and to determine the prevalence of BEST1-RD in Southern and Eastern Norway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This registry-based study used the Oslo University Hospital Inherited Retinal Disease registry for genetic data and extracted clinical data from medical records.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty patients were included. The prevalence of BEST1-RD in Southern and Eastern Norway was between 1:64 600 and 1:43 700. Forty-one patients were diagnosed with Best's vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD), 15 with autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) and 4 with autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC). The two most common genotypes were c.403G&gt;A and c.89A&gt;G. These variants were associated with BVMD and a later age of onset compared with other BVMD-associated genotypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of BEST1-RD in Southern and Eastern Norway was between 1:64 600 and 1:43 700. BVMD patients carrying c.403G&gt;A or c.89A&gt;G had a later age of onset than BVMD patients carrying other variants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"682-690"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146103426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroeconomics and myopia prevention: A framework for public health intervention","authors":"Dan-Lin Li,&nbsp;Ting-Han Guo,&nbsp;Andrzej Grzybowski,&nbsp;Chen-Wei Pan","doi":"10.1111/aos.70100","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aims to outline the application of neuroeconomics in paediatric myopia prevention, offering a framework for designing public health interventions that target decision-making mechanisms such as intertemporal choice, social preferences and neurohormonal regulation. We synthesized theories and empirical evidence from neuroeconomics, psychology and neuroscience. Multimodal approaches—including behavioural tasks (e.g. delay discounting, Ultimatum Game), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), pupillometry and salivary assays—were used to evaluate how interventions influence neurocognitive processes. Neuroeconomic research reveals that myopia-related behaviours involve neural competition between impulsive and regulatory systems, temporal discounting of future rewards and modulation by social norms and neurohormones (e.g. dopamine, oxytocin). Intervention strategies incorporating immediate incentives, social normative feedback, environmental nudges and reduced cognitive effort show potential in promoting outdoor time and behaviour change. Neuroeconomics provides a novel framework for myopia prevention by targeting neural computation mechanisms. Future research should focus on cross-cultural and developmental validation while addressing ethical and implementation challenges to advance precise and equitable public health strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"595-603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The oscillatory response of the electroretinogram and neuronal adaptation","authors":"Lillemor Wachtmeister,&nbsp;Anders Eklund","doi":"10.1111/aos.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aos.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p>After more than 50 years, there still remains a challenge and an interest to know more as well as extend and deepen our understanding of the small rapid wavelets, the oscillatory potentials (OPs), of the electroretinogram (ERG) and the neuronal adaptation of the retina. This paper summarizes the current knowledge of the rapid oscillatory response and its role in the process of neuronal adaptation in the retina. An effort has been made to enhance our ability and possibility, especially in the clinic, to interpret and use this response. The first section in short presents historic aspects, definitions and understanding of neuronal adaptation and the OPs. The second part deals with different and modern techniques and possibilities to record and measure the OPs, ffERG (full-field ERG), mfERG (multifocal ERG), fmERG (focal macular ERG) and optimal adaptational recording conditions. The third section overviews the current apprehension of the origin(s) of the OPs. The fourth part describes the normal development of the OPs from prematurity to old age. The last section enlightens the importance of the OPs as indicators of disturbed retinal, neuronal adaptive function in different diseases in the retina.</p>","PeriodicalId":6915,"journal":{"name":"Acta Ophthalmologica","volume":"104 6","pages":"616-637"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aos.70105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146217947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}