Shan Zhu, Yuanbo Liu, Mengging Zang, Bo Chen, Qiang Ding, Jianhua Zhang, Longcan Liu
{"title":"[Reconstruction of extensive soft-tissue defects at the upper extremities using the pre-expanded paraumbilical perforator flaps].","authors":"Shan Zhu, Yuanbo Liu, Mengging Zang, Bo Chen, Qiang Ding, Jianhua Zhang, Longcan Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the feasibility and technique of reconstruction of extensive soft-tissue defects at upper extremities using the pre-expanded paraumbilical perforator (PUP) flaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pre-expanded PUP flap was used to reconstruct large soft-tissue defect at the upper extremity according to the size, shape, and location of the defect in a multiple-staged procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From Sept.2009 to Sept.2015,81 patients underwent defect reconstruction using the pre-expanded PUP flaps.93 preexpanded PUP flaps were used. Unilateral flap was used in 70 patients. Bilateral flaps were used to reconstruct the circumferential forearm defects in eight patients (16 flaps).Bilateral flaps were used to reconstruct bilateral forearm defects in three patients (6 flaps).The size of the flaps ranged from 8 cm ×6 cm to 40 cm × 15 cm. Small-sized distal flap necrosis occurred in five patients after division of the proximal pedicle of the flap. The patients were followed up for 1 to 5 years (average 3.5 years) with satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes. Dysfunction of the shoulder and elbow joints was not noticed postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The pre-expanded paraumbilical perforator flap provides a valuable option for different defects reconstruction at the upper extremity.</p>","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 3","pages":"186-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36341193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Gao, Hu Jiao, Rui Cao, Zhigang Yang, Xuejian Sun, Qiang Zhuang, Zuo Xiao, Zuo Yan
{"title":"[In vitro study of effects and mechanism of rapamycin-induced autophagy in keloid fibroblasts].","authors":"Jing Gao, Hu Jiao, Rui Cao, Zhigang Yang, Xuejian Sun, Qiang Zhuang, Zuo Xiao, Zuo Yan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of rapamycin on biological characteristics and autophagy of keloid fibroblasts, and the regulation of rapamycin in mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway and autophagy-related non-coding RNAs in keloid fibroblasts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After Keloid fibroblasts were treated with rapamycin (10、50、100 nmol/L), and MTS assay was used to test the cell proliferation. The apoptosis of cells was tested by the flow cytometry analysis. The formation of autophagy was observed by TEM, and the Western Blot was used to detect the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3.Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of genes of involued in mTOR pathway and autophagy-related non-coding RNAs. Statistical significance was determined using Paired-Samples t Test,P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ratio of 490nm was decreased significantly in rapamycin-treated keloid fibroblasts compared with that in untreated cells (P < 0.05).Meanwhile the mRNA expressions of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes, including collagen-1 、α-SMA and Fibronectin, were inhibited by rapamycin (P < 0.05).The flow cytometry analysis showed that the percent of apoptosis cells was not increased in rapamycin-induced cells (P > O.05). The double-layer membrane structure of autophagosomes could be observed under the TEM in rapamycin-treated fibroblasts, accompanied by the increased expression of autophagy-related protein LC3.The mRNA expressions of downstream genes of mTOR pathway,4EBP1 and p70S6K,were down-regulated in rapamycin-treated fibroblasts, while the expressions of autophagy-related miRNAs, including miR-885-3p,miR-204,miR-101,miR-376b and lncRNA FLJ11812 were enhanced, and miR-30a,lncRNA HULC5 was decreased in rapamycin-treated fibroblasts (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rapamycin could inhibit the proliferation of keloid fibroblasts, and could not affect the apoptosis of cells.However, rapamycin induced the autophagy of keloid fibroblasts through regulating the expression of autophagy-related non-coding RNAs and genes in the mTOR signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 3","pages":"208-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36340921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Primary study of corneal exposure ratio measured by Photoshop pixel method].","authors":"Ruohui Yu, Xin Yang, Jianning Li, Zhongzhen Luo, Meizhen Zhai, Yajun Zhou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the role of corneal exposure ratio in eyelid aesthetic assessment through the measurement by Photoshop pixel method in beauties and patients with double eyelid blepharoplasty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>30 cases of female beauties and 43 cases with double eyelid blepharoplasty(23 cases with suture method and 20 cases with incision method) underwent measurement of corneal exposure ratio by Photoshop pixel method before operation and half a year after operation. The results were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 and compared between different sides or between pre-and post-operation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The corneal exposure ratio was (87.34±4.15)% on the left side and (87.22±3.77)% on the right side in the beauties. In the 23 cases with suture method, the pre-and post-operation results were (83.02 ± 4.05)% and (83.32 ±3.74)% on the left side,(82.93 ±3.75)% and (83.85±3.65)% on the right side. In the 20 cases with incision method, the pre-and post-operation results were (64.05 ±4.53) % and(84.93±2.39)% on the left side,(64.44 ±4.86)% and (85.09 ±2.77)% on the right side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Corneal exposure ratio plays an important role in the eyelid aesthetic assessment. The measurement of Photoshop pixel method can provide an objective and precise assessment parameter for double eyelid blepharoplasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 3","pages":"170-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36342299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Correcting tear trough by transconjunctival fat reposition :the clinical analysis of 30 cases].","authors":"Weizhong Liang, Hongmei Ai, Chang Liu, Kuoyan Wang, Zuojun Zhao, Yingyong Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical effect and experience of correcting tear trough by transconjunctival fat reposition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was performed in 60 patients with lower eyelid fat prolapse and tear trough deformity, in whom eyelid skin tightening was deemed unnecessary. All patients were divided into observation group and control group according to their desire. The observation group received the orbital fat release through the conjunctiva. The control group corrected eyelid bag without releasing orbital fat. The control group received filler treatment 2 months after operation. Postoperative complications were recorded, and the degree of outcome satisfaction was obtained at the 6-month postoperative follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 30 patients in the observation group, excellent result was achieved in 25 cases, basically satisfactory in 2 cases, unsatisfactory in 3 cases. Of the 30 patients in the control group, excellent result was achieved in 16 cases, basically satisfactory in 8 cases, unsatisfactory in 6 cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transconjunctival fat repositioning is a better procedure for patients with lower eyelid fat prolapse, tear trough deformity and eyelid skin tightening.</p>","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 3","pages":"179-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36340722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhongshan Liu, Tianlan Zhao, Zhixu He, Daojiang Yu, Ning Liu, Xiangjun Chen, Xiaoqun Mo
{"title":"[The modified keystone perforator island flap for reconstruction of skin defects at head and face].","authors":"Zhongshan Liu, Tianlan Zhao, Zhixu He, Daojiang Yu, Ning Liu, Xiangjun Chen, Xiaoqun Mo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical application of the modified keystone perforator island flap for reconstruction of skin defects at head and face.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2013 to September 2014,13 cases with skin defects at head and face were repaired by modified keystone perforator island flap. The skin defects ranged from 0.8 cm× 1.0 cm to 20.0 cm × 10.0 cm. And the flap size ranged from 1.5 cm × 1.0 cm to 22.0 cm × 12.0 cm. The flap was designed along the edge of the defect, the vascular supply was supported by muscular perforators. In order to relieve suture tension and have a good cosmetic effect, auxiliary incisions should be as less as possible. Flap should be designed to hide parts of facial incision or surgical margins within the natural borders of each facial unit, or along the direction of striae. Incision within the hairline should be taken to minimize damage to the hair follicles. The direction of hair growth shouldn't be changed after the flap transfer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All cases had 1-12 months' follow-up period.12 flaps survived completely, with one partial flap necrosis. The flaps had good appearance with high aesthetic satisfactory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The modified keystone perforator island flap produces excellent aesthetic results. It can be a very useful flap for the individual reconstruction of skin defects at head and face.</p>","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 3","pages":"183-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36340723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kexin Song, Mingzi Zhang, Yifang Liu, Youbin Wang, Xuemei Ma
{"title":"[The effect of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, NF-κB and flap survival rate during ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat abdominal skin flap].","authors":"Kexin Song, Mingzi Zhang, Yifang Liu, Youbin Wang, Xuemei Ma","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1),vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1),NF-κB and flap survival rate during Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat Abdominal Skin Flap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>18 male adult SD rats were divided randomly into sham group (SH),ischemia-reperfusion group (IR) and hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning group (HBO),6 rats in each group. The rats in HBO group received regular hyperbaric oxygen treatment for three days (twice a day with an interval of 12 h) before operation. An abdominal skin flap pedicled with superficial epigastric artery was established. Ischemia lasted for 3 hours in the IR group and HBO group.On the third postoperative day,samples were taken to evaluate the expression of ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and NF-κB by immunohistochemistry staining and Western Blot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the IR group, the flap survival rate and average blood perfusion were (22.38 ±4.35) % and (32.61 ±5.68) PU, while in the HBO group they were (45.34 ±3.15) % and (61.78 ±3.61) PU, showing significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01).The inflammatory cell infiltration condition in IR group was much higher than that in the HBO group from the HE staining observation. Compared with the HBO group,ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and NF-κB showed (+ + +) with higher positive cells in the IR group (P < 0.01). Results of Western Blot showed similar conclusion. The relative expression of ICAM-1,VCAM-1 and NF-κB was much higher in the IR group than that in the HBO group (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning could decrease the expression of ICAM-1,VCAM-1,NF-κB and promote flap survival rate during the process of ischemia-reperfusion injury on a rat abdominal skin flap model.</p>","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 3","pages":"203-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36340919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
中华整形外科杂志Pub Date : 2016-04-01Epub Date: 2016-02-26DOI: 10.1002/hed.24313
Min Yao, Charles Woods, Pierre Lavertu, Pingfu Fu, Michael Gibson, Rod Rezaee, Chad Zender, Jay Wasman, Neelesh Sharma, Mitchell Machtay, Panayiotis Savvides
Wenlong Zhang, Gang Zhao, Shunhong Gao, Zhiliang Yu, Yunpeng Zhang, Jingyu Zhang, Jun Yu
{"title":"[Anatomy study and clinical application of island flap based on second dorsal metacarpal artery ].","authors":"Wenlong Zhang, Gang Zhao, Shunhong Gao, Zhiliang Yu, Yunpeng Zhang, Jingyu Zhang, Jun Yu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Through the anatomy study of the second dorsal metacarpal arteries (SDMA) and its cutaneous branches in fresh hand specimens, we explore the therapeutic effect of the island flap for the defect resulted from degloved avulsion injury of the fingers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 2009 to September 2014,the cutaneous branches of second dorsal metacarpal arteries from 12 fresh hand specimens perfused by red latex were explored.21 fingers in 21 cases were treated with island flap based on SDMA and its cutaneous branches for skin defects at 11 index fingers,7 middle fingers or 3 thumbs.4 cases had combined fracture,5 cases had combined tendon injury.3 cases had combined neurovascular injury. The flaps size ranged from 5.0 cm × 6.5 cm to 2.5 cm × 5.0 cm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SDMA was originated from dorsal perforating branch of deep palmar arch. There were 4-6 cutaneous branches from SDMA distal intertendinous junction. The branches divided superfical vascular web to supply the dorsal skin on the second and third metacarpal.21 flaps based on SDMA survived successfully. After 5-27 months' follow up period, all these flaps recovered with satisfactory texture, grade S3 + sensation, and 7-11 mm two point discrimination. There were no obvious comphcations at the donor sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The cutaneous branches of distal SDMA is stable. The branches are composed of superfical vascular web above the second and third metacarpal. The flap based on SDMA is not necessary to sacrifice a major artery and can achieve good flap contour. The technique is recommendable. It can be easily and conveniently performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 2","pages":"118-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36326924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiujun Tang, Zairong Wei, Bo Wang, Jianping Qi, Guangfeng Sun, Hai Li, Ziyang Zhang, Dali Wang
{"title":"[Application of the lobulated flap or unilobular flap pedicled with the descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery in reconstruction of defects resulted from perineal and hypogastric tumor resection].","authors":"Xiujun Tang, Zairong Wei, Bo Wang, Jianping Qi, Guangfeng Sun, Hai Li, Ziyang Zhang, Dali Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarize the clinical application of the lobulated flap or unilobular flap pedicled with the descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery in reconstruction of defects resulted from perineal and hypogastric tumor resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From September 2010 to June 2014,according to the characteristics of the tissue defects after perineal or hypogastric tumor resection, and also based on the anatomical characteristics of the perforator artery which derived from the descending branch of lateral circumflex artery, unilobular skin flap or bilobulate skin flap was designed for one-stage reconstruction.7 males and 10 females, aged from 34 to 72 years old (average,56 years old), were included. There were 6 cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberance (DFSP),7 cases of squamous-cell carcinoma and 4 cases of Bowen disease. Tumors in 7 patients were located in hypogastrium and 10 in perineum. The defects size after tumor resection ranged from 3 cm × 4 cm to 8 cm × 16 cm. Among the patients,13 cases were treated with unilobular flaps, of which the area ranged from 6 cm × 10 cm to 13 cm × 18 cm;4 cases were treated with bilobular flaps, of which the area ranged from 3 cm ×5 cm to 8 cm ×12 cm.The wounds at donor sites were closed directly in 13 patients, and covered with skin graft in 4 patients. All patients underwent tumor extensive resection and subsequently reconstruction with flaps. The clinical courses ranged from 3 to 24 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the flaps survived without vascular crisis. The wounds and incisions at donor sites healed primarily.12 patients were followed up for 3 to 26 months. The average follow-up duration was 16 months.During the follow-up period, the flaps were in good color and texture. Furthermore, patients were satisfied with vulvar appearance and even their sex life.Local tumor recurrence was not observed during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The flap pedicled with the descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery has a relatively long vascular pedicle, which may meet the requirement for reconstruction of defects in perineal and hypogastric region. Moreover, this flap could be designed as lobulated flap to repair two wounds at one-stage.This flap is an ideal option for reconstruction of perineal and hypogastric soft tissue defects with a reliable blood supply and unobvious donor sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 2","pages":"111-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36327474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Guideline for breast reconstruction after mastectomy].","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69147,"journal":{"name":"中华整形外科杂志","volume":"32 2","pages":"81-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36325391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}