中国疾病预防控制中心周报最新文献

{"title":"Automatic Warning Practice of Multi-Source Surveillance and Multi-Point Trigger for Infectious Diseases - Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, January-April 2024.","authors":"Qinbao Lu, Tianying Fu, Haocheng Wu, Zheyuan Ding, Chen Wu, Weiqun Gan, Junfen Lin","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.022","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study presents empirical evidence from the implementation of an automated infectious disease warning system utilizing multi-source surveillance and multi-point triggers in Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide reference for more extensive practice of infectious disease surveillance and early warning in the future.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data were obtained from the Health Emergency Intelligent Control Platform of Yuhang District from January 1 to April 30, 2024, encompassing warning signal issuance and response documentation. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the early warning signals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 1 to April 30, 2024, the Health Emergency Intelligent Control Platform in Yuhang District generated 4,598 valid warning signals, with a warning signal positive rate of 36.43%. The early warning system detected 71 infectious disease outbreaks reported through the Intelligent Control Platform, including 24 single-source early warning and 47 multi-source early warning. The sensitivity was 78.02%, demonstrating improved performance compared to existing infectious disease surveillance and warning systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This represents the first domestic publication evaluating an automated multi-source surveillance and multi-point trigger warning system. By integrating and correlating multi-source data, the system can efficiently and accurately detect warning signals of infectious disease incidents, which has significant practical implications for early surveillance, warning, and management of infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 4","pages":"152-156"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reported Cases and Deaths of National Notifiable Infectious Diseases - China, November 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46234/ccdcw2025.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 4","pages":"157-158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of <i>Aeromonas</i> Strains Isolated from Adult Patients with Diarrhea and Aquatic Environments - Beijing Municipality, China, 2016-2022.","authors":"Ying Li, Keyi Yu, Xiaoli Du, Yuwei Liu, Aixia Yan, Miao Wang, Ying Kang, Shoufei Li, Yuanyuan Wang, Luotong Wang, Shengtian Liu, Tao Peng, Jun Li, Duochun Wang, Zhenzhou Huang","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.019","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Aeromonas</i> is widely distributed in aquatic environments. This study describes the pathogenic characteristics of <i>Aeromonas</i> isolated from adult diarrhea patients and aquatic environments in Beijing, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>Aeromonas</i> isolates from patients with diarrhea and river water samples were assessed using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and antibiotic resistance profiling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 38 <i>Aeromonas</i> isolates were collected. Among these, 13 isolates were from patients with common clinical symptoms, including diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea. Four of 13 <i>Aeromonas</i>-positive patients were co-infected with other intestinal pathogens. Patient-derived <i>Aeromonas</i> isolates showed high resistance to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline, whereas water-derived isolates showed high resistance to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, and nalidixic acid. Phylogenetic analysis revealed seven independent branches, without significant clustering among patient- and water-derived isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence and characteristics of <i>Aeromonas</i>. The intertwined distribution of patient- and water-derived isolates in the phylogenetic tree deserves attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 4","pages":"121-129"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respiratory Pathogen Profiles of Patients - Beijing Municipality, China, November 2023-April 2024.","authors":"Han Du, Jun Li, Haoyu Wen, Zhixia Gu, Yufei Chang, Wenwan Rong, Zhuo Yang, Rahat Ullah Khan, Zhaomin Feng, Quanyi Wang, Rui Song, Yuhai Bi","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.018","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory pathogens pose a complex challenge for public health systems. In the winter of 2023, multiple respiratory pathogens showed staggered epidemic waves. Additionally, co-infections involving various pathogens were observed, resulting in significant disease burdens. Understanding the epidemiological dynamics of these pathogens is essential for supporting public health systems in the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Respiratory samples were collected from patients in Beijing presenting with influenza-like symptoms to detect 27 respiratory pathogens using multiplex qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four distinct epidemic waves were identified. The first wave was a pre-winter outbreak of <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> (<i>M. pneumoniae</i>). This was then followed by successive waves of influenza A and B viruses. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exhibited a resurgence by the end of February 2024. Age-dependent susceptibility varied, with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B peaking in the 30-40-year age group. Conversely, adenovirus, rhinovirus, <i>M. pneumoniae</i>, <i>Moraxella catarrhalis</i> (<i>M. catarrhalis</i>), and <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> (<i>H. influenzae</i>) were more common in adolescents and the elderly. Furthermore, 18.8% of cases were identified as co-infections with more than two pathogens. <i>H. influenzae</i> was found to frequently co-infect with viral and bacterial pathogens.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Respiratory pathogens exhibited different prevalence trends during the first influenza season following the COVID-19 pandemic. Influenza viruses showed a higher peak incidence and delayed seasonality. Moreover, the co-circulation of viral and bacterial infections increased the complexity of respiratory infections. Interestingly, staggered epidemic waves between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B viruses were observed. Consequently, SARS-CoV-2 may become a seasonal virus, causing epidemics alongside influenza viruses. However, further research is needed to elucidate its epidemiological patterns. The co-circulation of these epidemic viruses and other respiratory pathogens underscores the need for enhanced diagnostic and intervention strategies, including vaccination campaigns.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 4","pages":"113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Database on Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance in Wastewater and Solid Waste from Pharmaceutical Industry Based on a Systematic Review.","authors":"Jingwei Wu, Ziming Han, Xiaomin Ma, Ming Su, Amir Hossein Hamidian, Yu Zhang, Min Yang","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.015","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Residual antimicrobial agents in wastewater and solid waste from antimicrobial manufacturing facilities can potentially contaminate environments. The World Health Organization has established technical guidelines for managing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pharmaceutical wastewater and solid waste. However, the scarcity of publicly available data on antimicrobial manufacturing processes impedes the development of effective mitigation strategies. To address this knowledge gap, we developed a comprehensive database documenting antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in actual wastewater and solid waste samples, primarily fermentation residues. Through systematic review methodology, we compiled data from extensive searches of English-language article databases, including Web of Science and PubMed. The database contains data from 270 distinct samples collected across 45 fermentation residue treatment systems and 46 wastewater treatment systems, derived from 70 published English-language articles spanning 2008 to 2024. In operational pharmaceutical facilities, antibiotic concentrations ranged from 82 to 1,663 mg/L in raw wastewater and from 1,000 to 10,182 mg/kg dry matter (DM) in antibiotic fermentation residues. Various treatment technologies demonstrated significant reductions in both antibiotic concentrations and ARG levels within wastes. This database provides the first global perspective on antibiotic and ARG contamination from antibiotic production processes, supporting AMR management initiatives. It establishes a dynamic, continuously updated platform accessible to researchers and industry stakeholders via the link: https://dash.drwater.net/antiboard/.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 3","pages":"92-100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Epidemiology of Type F <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> Among Diarrheal Patients and Virulence-Resistance Dynamics - 11 Provinces, China, 2024.","authors":"Zelin Yan, Hanyu Wang, Yanyan Zhu, Xuejin Wang, Yongning Wu, Yang Wang, Rong Zhang","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.013","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Type F <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> (<i>C. perfringens</i>) represents a significant pathogen in human gastrointestinal diseases, primarily through its <i>cpe</i> gene encoding <i>C. perfringens</i> enterotoxin (CPE). This investigation examined the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and genetic characteristics of Type F <i>C. perfringens</i> within the Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study analyzed 2,068 stool samples collected from 11 provincial hospitals in 2024. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted following Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, while whole-genome sequencing provided detailed genetic profiles. Evolutionary relationships and clonal transmission patterns were investigated through phylogenetic and genetic environment analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of Type F <i>C. perfringens</i> was 2.38%, with isolates predominantly identified in human clinical samples and higher detection rates in gastroenterology departments. Notably, 47.1% of isolates demonstrated high resistance to metronidazole, while all exhibited intermediate resistance to erythromycin. Phylogenetic analysis revealed high similarity among isolates from patients within the same province (single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs)<100), and genetic environment analysis indicated potential horizontal gene transfer between animal and human strains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This investigation predominantly identified Type F <i>C. perfringens</i> in human clinical cases, with sporadic detection in pets and food products. These findings highlight the emergence of Type F <i>C. perfringens</i> outbreaks among diarrheal patients, emphasizing the necessity for targeted interventions as virulence factors increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 3","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a High-Throughput qPCR Assay for Detecting Waterborne Protozoa and Helminths Across Different Environmental Media in China.","authors":"Fuming Duan, Ziming Han, Tiantian Tian, Huican Zhang, Min Yang, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.016","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The establishment of a high-throughput quantification approach for waterborne pathogenic protozoa and helminths is crucial for rapid screening and health risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a high-throughput quantitative polymerase chain reaction (HT-qPCR) assay targeting 19 waterborne protozoa and 3 waterborne helminths and validated its sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability. The assay was then applied to test various environmental media samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The HT-qPCR assay's limit of detection (LOD) was 5×10² copies/μL DNA, and its specificity was confirmed using <i>Giardia</i> and <i>Cryptosporidium</i> standards. Repeatability, assessed through intra- and inter-group experiments, yielded a coefficient of variation (<i>CV</i>) of 1.0%-4.6% and 1.2%-6.4% at concentrations of 1×10⁵ and 1×10⁴ copies/μL, respectively. The <i>R</i> ² values of the 22 standard curves ranged from 0.983 to 0.998, with amplification efficiencies between 80% and 107%. In drinking water sources, sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs), and livestock manure samples, 17 of 22 targets were detected, with <i>Acanthamoeba</i> genus (50.0%), <i>Acanthamoeba castellanii</i> (11.8%), and <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i> (11.8%) showing high prevalence. <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp., <i>Enterocytozoon bieneusi</i>, and <i>Cyclospora cayetanensis</i> were simultaneously found in all three sample types.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study presents a useful tool for the rapid detection of waterborne protozoa and helminths in complex environmental microbiomes, providing scientific data for monitoring cross-media transmission and controlling microbial risk from a One Health perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 3","pages":"101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Multidrug-Resistant <i>Enterococcal</i> Infection in Clinical Dogs and Cats - China, 2018-2021.","authors":"Xukun Dang, Junyao Jiang, Siyu Chen, Wei Huang, Ying Jiao, Siying Wang, Zhiyu Zou, Qi An, Yu Song, Lu Wang, Run Fan, Dejun Liu, Stefan Schwarz, Jianzhong Shen, Zhaofei Xia, Yang Wang, Yanli Lyu, Shizhen Ma","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.017","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>What is already known about this topic?: </strong><i>Enterococcus</i> spp., while naturally occurring as commensal bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans, have emerged as significant opportunistic pathogens in healthcare settings.</p><p><strong>What is added by this report?: </strong>A comprehensive surveillance study revealed enterococci in 14.39% of clinical samples from dogs and cats across China during 2018-2021. Multidrug-resistant enterococcal infections showed significant correlation with urinary tract catheterization and extended hospitalization periods. Notably, pet-derived <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> isolates demonstrated high genetic similarity with strains isolated from humans, farm animals, and environmental sources.</p><p><strong>What are the implications for public health practice?: </strong>These findings underscore the critical need for enhanced surveillance of enterococcal infections and implementation of stringent aseptic protocols in veterinary clinical settings. Particular attention should be directed toward linezolid-resistant <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> infections due to their demonstrated potential for transmission between pets and humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 3","pages":"77-83"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection Tracing and Virus Genomic Analysis of Two Cases of Human Infection with Avian Influenza A(H5N6) - Fujian Province, China, April-May 2024.","authors":"Yanhua Zhang, Jingjing Wu, Qi Lin, Jianming Ou, Xiaoqi Qi, Youxian Zheng, Fengping Li, Yuwei Weng","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2024.274","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2024.274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>What is known about this topic?: </strong>Global human cases of zoonotic influenza A(H5N6) have increased significantly in recent years, primarily due to widespread circulation of clade 2.3.4.4b virus since 2020. Concurrent with this trend, sporadic human infections with clade 2.3.4.4h H5N6 avian influenza virus continue to occur. The high mortality rate associated with H5N6 virus infections has emerged as a critical public health concern.</p><p><strong>What is added by this report?: </strong>Through comprehensive field epidemiological investigations and laboratory analyses, we identified the infection sources for these cases and conclusively ruled out human-to-human transmission. Genetic analyses revealed that while the virus maintains its avian host tropism, it has acquired mutations that may enhance human receptor binding affinity, viral replication capacity, pathogenicity, and neuraminidase inhibitor resistance.</p><p><strong>What are the implications for public health practice?: </strong>The ongoing viral mutations increase the potential for H5 subtype avian influenza viruses to overcome species barriers and cause human epidemics. Enhanced surveillance strategies incorporating advanced technologies, such as metagenomic sequencing, are essential for early risk detection and management. Special attention should be directed toward cancer patients and immunocompromised individuals, who demonstrate increased susceptibility to avian influenza virus infections and require targeted prevention and control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 3","pages":"107-112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Waterborne and Foodborne Protozoan Pathogens in Kenya: A One Health Perspective.","authors":"Joseph Okoth Ogalo, Chang Cai, Ziming Han, Yu Zhang, Min Yang","doi":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.014","DOIUrl":"10.46234/ccdcw2025.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal infections affect approximately 450 million people globally, predominantly impacting children and immunocompromised individuals in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions, poverty, malnutrition, and low literacy. In Kenya, the prevalence of intestinal infections is elevated by warm tropical climates and socioeconomic factors. This scoping review evaluates the national prevalence, risk factors, and contamination sources of intestinal protozoa in Kenya, using a One Health approach to synthesize existing data from various human, animal, and environmental studies. A comprehensive literature search identified 292 studies, of which 67 met the inclusion criteria, covering the period from 1966 to 2024. The review found that most studies utilized stool microscopy, a method with limited sensitivity, and largely focused on vulnerable human populations, with minimal investigation into environmental reservoirs. Key protozoa identified included <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, and <i>Giardia</i>, with transmission driven by poor WASH conditions, environmental factors, and close human-animal interactions. The findings highlight significant gaps in environmental surveillance and suggest the need for a robust, integrated One Health approach to better understand and control protozoan infections in Kenya.</p>","PeriodicalId":69039,"journal":{"name":"中国疾病预防控制中心周报","volume":"7 3","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}