Parvaneh Agharezaei, Mohammad Reza Islami, Kazem Saidi, Payam Khazaeli
{"title":"Transforming theophylline-7-acetic acid into novel beta-lactam derivatives via an unstable ketene containing imidazole moiety and assessing their antibacterial efficacy","authors":"Parvaneh Agharezaei, Mohammad Reza Islami, Kazem Saidi, Payam Khazaeli","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03146-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03146-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>New β-lactams was synthesized by reacting theophylline-7-acetic acid with various Schiff bases in dry CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> under a nitrogen atmosphere, utilizing the Mukaiyama reagent. The resulting β-lactams featured the theophylline moiety situated at the one position of the four-membered β-lactam ring. This approach represents a formal [2 + 2] cycloaddition of an imine to a novel ketene containing a theophyllinyl group. Remarkably, this chemoselective reaction exclusively yielded the <i>cis</i>-isomer of the β-lactam compound as the sole product. Subsequently, the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial properties. The findings revealed that compounds <b>5f</b> and <b>5g</b> exhibited noteworthy antibacterial effects among the tested β-lactams. Specifically, compound <b>5f</b> demonstrated activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> PTCC 2923, while compound <b>5g</b> displayed activity against both Gram-negative bacteria and <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> PTCC 1435.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 2","pages":"263 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeinab Bakhoda, Shayessteh Dadfarnia, Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani, Ali Dehshahri, Marzieh Baneshi, Delaram Moghadam
{"title":"Design and comparison of the drug delivery systems of pegylated doxorubicin loaded Zn-CP and Zn-CP-SO3H","authors":"Zeinab Bakhoda, Shayessteh Dadfarnia, Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani, Ali Dehshahri, Marzieh Baneshi, Delaram Moghadam","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03148-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03148-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this investigation, a zinc coordination polymer of 5-aminoisophtalic acid [Zn(AIP)(DMSO)]<sub>n</sub> called (Zn-CP) was employed as a drug delivery system. The surface of Zn-CP was modified with an acidic SO<sub>3</sub>H group, and its capability for doxorubicin (Dox) delivery was compared to unmodified Zn-CP. The stability, specificity, cellular solubility, and loading/release process as well as the capability of inducing late apoptosis in MCF7 cells were improved through the pegylation of Dox-loaded carriers. The morphology of the designed carriers was evaluated using different analytical methods. Functionalizing the surface of Zn-CP with an acidic group increases its water solubility, drug loading, controlled release, and biocompatibility. The Dox loading and loading efficiency for Zn-CP@PEG were 28.8, and 40.6%, respectively, whereas, for Zn-CP-SO<sub>3</sub>H@PEG were 33.0, and 51.2%, respectively. Zn-CP-SO<sub>3</sub>H has a higher capacity of Dox loading than Zn-CP and Dox@Zn-CP-SO<sub>3</sub>H@PEG has more control over the drug release as well as better specificity toward the cancerous cells of MCF7 than the surface unmodified carrier. The cytotoxicity study shows that modification of the Zn-CP surface with acidic groups of SO<sub>3</sub>H decreases its cytotoxicity. The Dox@Zn-CP@PEG and Dox@Zn-CP-SO<sub>3</sub>H@PEG exhibited high cytotoxic activity against cancer cells of MCF7, and remarkably low toxicity to normal breast cells of MCF10.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 2","pages":"283 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143184764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asmaa Abd Elhaleem, Sawsan A. Fouad, Sadia A. Hessein, Nadia A. M. Shmiess, Ghada E. Ahmed
{"title":"Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some novel heterocyclic compounds based on azo chromene moiety","authors":"Asmaa Abd Elhaleem, Sawsan A. Fouad, Sadia A. Hessein, Nadia A. M. Shmiess, Ghada E. Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03138-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03138-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Developing new agents for treating bacterial and fungal resistance remain a top priority in developing countries because the antibiotic resistance is one of the major threats to human health. Thus, the current work was designed to synthesize a new series of chromene and pyrazole derivatives based on 2-hydroxy-5-((4-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) benzaldehyde moiety. The structure of the designed derivatives was confirmed using different spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR and NMR) and elemental analysis. Most of the designed derivatives were evaluated against six standard microbial strains. Compounds <b>3</b>, <b>12</b>, <b>13</b> and <b>16</b> showed excellent antimicrobial activity against <i>S</i>. <i>faecalis</i> with MIC (3.91) µg/ml closed to Penicillin G and MBC values (15.6, 31.3) µg/ml. In addition, chromene <b>14</b> exhibited an inhibition effect better than the positive control <i>Penicillin G</i> with MIC (1.95) µg/ml and MBC value (31.3) µg/ml.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"161 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denga Ramutshatsha-Makhwedzha, Mapula Lucey Mavhungu, Jeffrey Baloyi, Richard Mbaya
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of Fe3O4@TiO2@Zeolite nanocomposite adsorbent for the removal of Levoflaxin antibiotic from environmental water matrices","authors":"Denga Ramutshatsha-Makhwedzha, Mapula Lucey Mavhungu, Jeffrey Baloyi, Richard Mbaya","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03135-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03135-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The presence of pharmaceuticals in water matrices has been a major problem because of its expected adverse consequences on oceanic biological systems and human well-being. Levofloxacin (Levo), a persistent and widely used antibiotic, has emerged as a significant pollutant in water samples. Its resistance to conventional water treatment processes poses challenges for its removal. This work focuses on preparing and characterizing a magnetic nanocomposite adsorbent (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub>@Zeolite) designed to efficiently remove levofloxacin from the water samples, leveraging the Fe₃O₄ properties for easy separation and recovery of the adsorbent, TiO<sub>2</sub> for its adsorption capacity, while zeolite’s porous structure and high ion-exchange capacity improve adsorption efficiency. Together, these materials create a robust, multifunctional composite with promising applications for pollutant removal from aqueous environments. The adsorption of Levo antibiotic exhibited excellent fitting to both the pseudo-second-order model (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 1) and the Langmuir isotherm (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.9240) together with the Freundlich isotherm (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.999). Furthermore, the thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process of Levo was spontaneous and endothermic. This implies that the interaction between Levo and the Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub>@Zeolite nanocomposite, developed in this study, is favourable and requires energy input. The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub>@Zeolite nanocomposite demonstrated a promising efficacy in the removal of Levo from wastewater samples, with removal percentage ranging between 92.43 and 96.95%. The prepared Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>@TiO<sub>2</sub>@Zeolite composite material could be regenerated up to the 5th cycle. This highlights the potential of the nanocomposite as an effective remedy for the purification of wastewater contaminated with Levo.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"113 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13738-024-03135-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling of Aryl Carboxylic Acids with Arylboronic Acids Using Ag/ZnO Catalyst under Aerobic Conditions in Aqueous Medium","authors":"Fatemeh Zeraatpisheh, Zahra Bazyar","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03131-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03131-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, transition metal-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions have become a novel and crucial category of organic transformations. These reactions have practical applications in constructing carbon–carbon bonds. This study presents the efficient catalytic activity of Ag/ZnO nanoparticles that were synthesized and used as a heterogeneous catalyst in the carbon–carbon bond formation starting from carboxylic acids. By utilizing the heterogeneous Ag catalyst system, the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction was effectively carried out in an aqueous environment, resulting in the formation of coupling products with high yields in a relatively short period of time. The Ag/ZnO nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized using various techniques, and inductively coupled plasma. The findings affirm that the prepared catalyst, comprising Ag/ZnO nanoparticles, exhibits exceptional efficiency and selectivity, with the added advantage of being recyclable multiple times without a significant decline in catalytic activity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"83 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Facile synthesis of three new nanosized supramolecular imidazole-carboxylato Cu(II) coordination polymers of promising biological activity","authors":"Rasel Ahmed Mukred, Aref Ahmed Mohamed Aly","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03109-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03109-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study describes the synthesis and complete characterization of three new copper coordination polymers, namely {[Cu<sub>2</sub>(tyr)<sub>2</sub>(Him)<sub>3</sub>(Cl)<sub>2</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>].H<sub>2</sub>O}<sub>n</sub> 1, {[Cu<sub>2</sub>(bdc)<sub>2</sub>(Him)<sub>3</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>4</sub>].H<sub>2</sub>O}<sub>n</sub> 2, and {[Cu(btec)(Him)<sub>2</sub>].3H<sub>2</sub>O}<sub>n</sub> 3, where L-tyr = L-tyrosine, H<sub>2</sub>bdc = terephthalic acid, H<sub>4</sub>btec = pyromellitic acid, and Him = imidazole. They were characterized using various analytical techniques such as elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV–Vis, magnetic measurements, molar conductance, MM2 theoretical calculations, TG/DTA, and XRPD. Additionally, the catalytic activity of the complexes toward H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> decomposition was evaluated as well as their biological activity was tested against bacteria and fungi. The complexes exhibit an octahedral geometry around the copper centers. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed the thermal stability of the complexes and their proposed structures. The results of the properties, including magnetism, activation energy (E*), nanoparticle sizes, catalytic activity and biological activity of these complexes were computed and discussed. The functional groups, hydrogen bonding, and copper ions significantly influenced the structures, physical properties and biological activity. The findings suggest that complex 1 is a promising candidate as a catalyst and medical transport, while complexes 2 and 3 are promising candidates as porous materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"35 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synergistic effect of isomorphism substitution of double metal Ce and Ti in Y zeolite by post-synthesis treatment for efficient removal of dye contamination","authors":"M. Moosavifar, M. Azarmehr, L. Fathyunes","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03139-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03139-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cationic interaction of binary metals in zeolite frameworks is a motivating field. The Isomorphous substitution of Ti and Ce in the framework of NaY zeolite has been achieved through post-synthesis treatment. Dealumination of the zeolite was accomplished by EDTA treatment, followed by the incorporation of three distinct ratios of Ce [(4.5–9) × 10<sup>−4</sup> M] and Ti [(1.7–5.1) × 10<sup>−5</sup> M] for decoration on the zeolite framework. This process was carried out in two steps based on their solubility in the corresponding solvents. The stability of the zeolite framework was assessed using metal loading. It was observed that as the amount of metals in the zeolite increased, the d spacing of the crystal lattice changed. Besides, certain metals were introduced at higher loading into the framework, while others acted as exchangeable cations in the extra-framework of the zeolite network. Spectroscopic studies were conducted to characterize the modified zeolite, and the catalysts were performed for their catalytic activity in the photodegradation of 4-NP. The optimum conditions were obtained with various parameters as: 0.01 g catalyst, 20 μL H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, 4-NP concentration: 3 × 10<sup>−4</sup> M, pH = 5.5, and <i>t</i> = 120 min. In addition, the study of optimum conditions in the pH = 5 and isoelectric point = 5.5 indicated that the removal of 4-NP was achieved using both the absorption and photodegradation processes. The synthesized catalysts show good activity in the photodegradation process. This study also investigated the synergistic effect of Ce and Ti on photodegradation efficiency. The mineralization of 4-NP was confirmed by COD experiments, resulting in an efficiency of 68.76%. The catalyst was recoverable and maintained its catalytic activity after six runs. The kinetic of the reaction was obtained based on Hinshelwood’s equation which was pseudo-first-order. In addition, the band gap of the catalyst was also calculated. This finding is particularly important because it indicates that the catalyst has the potential for industrial application and is cost-effectiveness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"177 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of magnetic nanoparticle loaded functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes for effective removal of Maxilon red GRL from aqueous solutions","authors":"İlknur Şentürk, Neşe Keklikcioğlu Çakmak","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03137-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03137-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, acid-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) were synthesized by subjecting them to acid treatment and subsequently incorporating magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) nanoparticles onto their surface (MWCNTs-COOH/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) through co-precipitating Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> in the MWCNTs-COOH colloidal suspension. These were then subjected to comprehensive characterization using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis (BET), and Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The adsorption efficiency of the synthesized MWCNTs-COOH/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite for the removal of Maxilon Red GRL dye (MR GRL) from aqueous solutions was examined under various conditions, including initial MR GRL concentration (50–250 mg/L), solution pH (2–12), adsorbent dose (0.1–1.0 g/L), and temperature (25–55 °C). Results indicated that the MWCNTs-COOH/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanocomposites displayed strong adsorption capabilities for MR GRL in aqueous solutions, and the adsorption process adhered to the Langmuir isotherm model. Kinetic adsorption data were well-fitted to the pseudo-second-order model. At the natural pH of 5.8 and a temperature of 25 °C, the adsorption capacity and removal percentage were determined as 188.68 mg/g and 97%, respectively. The adsorption of MR GRL onto MWCNTs-COOH/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> was endothermic and spontaneous, according to thermodynamic characteristics. These findings indicate the potential of the newly synthesized adsorbent in advancing water purification through effective adsorptive separation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"141 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organomineral material for preconcentration and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry determination of Hg(II), Sn(II) in high-salinity natural and drinking waters with slurry sampling","authors":"Burylin Mikhail, Kostuchenko Elena, Konshin Valery, Konshina Dzhamilya","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03136-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03136-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The synthesis of new functionalized silica gel with immobilized thiosemicarbazone fragments by the reaction of aldehyde silica gels with thiosemicarbazide in an ethanol medium in the presence of a catalytic amount of hydrochloric acid is described. The material was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis and infrared spectroscopy data. Effective solid-phase extraction of Sn(II) and Hg(II) using synthesis organomineral material—silica with immobilized thiosemicarbazone fragment has been demonstrated. Determination of Sn(II) and Hg(II) in samples whose matrix excludes the possibility of direct ETAAS (electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry) determination, for example in sea waters, an approach has been proposed to replace the matrix of the analyzed sample with a sorbent matrix based on modified silica. ETAAS conditions for the determination and preconcentration of Sn(II) and Hg(II) in the sorbent used with slurry sampling have been described. The proposed methodology for determination Sn(II) and Hg(II) was tested on the example of sea water of the Black Sea, fresh tap water and mineral drinking water “Esentuki.” The error of determination was no more than 10% rel. The detection limit for mercury was 50 ng/L, tin 7 ng/L. The concentration factor is 100 for both elements. The advantage of the developed ETAAS approach for the determination of mercury and tin in comparison with other spectroscopic methods (ICP-AES, ICP-MS) is shown.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><img></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"129 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142995497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ezzatollah Najafi, Mohammad Janghouri, Soma Majedi
{"title":"The crystal structure and optical characteristics of two tin(IV) anthracene-9-carboxylate complexes and their use in OLEDs","authors":"Ezzatollah Najafi, Mohammad Janghouri, Soma Majedi","doi":"10.1007/s13738-024-03113-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13738-024-03113-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The synthesis of two tin(IV)-carboxylate coordination complexes, <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>, was achieved through the reaction of stannic chloride with anthracene-9-carboxylic acid (HL<sup>1</sup>), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (4-bpe), and 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-3,4-diaza-2,4-hexadiene (4-bpdh) using a branched tube method. The complexes exhibited remarkable luminescent properties and unique structural characteristics. Comprehensive characterization was carried out through 1H NMR, IR, UV spectroscopy, and elemental analysis, while X-ray single-crystal analysis was used to determine their molecular structures. The crystal structures of complexes <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> primarily consist of two components: a complex anion and a cation. In these structures, L<sup>1</sup> employs a syn-syn bidentate bridging coordination mode, utilizing two oxygen atoms from the carboxylate group. Optical analysis emphasized the crucial role of auxiliary ligands in fine-tuning the optical properties of complexes <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>. Compound <b>2</b> served as the light-emitting layer (LEL) in an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), where its electrical performance was evaluated. The OLED achieved a luminance of 6550 cd/m2 and a maximum power efficiency of 7.2 lm/W, representing the highest efficiency recorded for tin-based OLEDs. The device functioned at a driving voltage of around 7 V. These results indicate that this class of compounds holds potential for OLED production, providing stable quantum efficiency across different voltage ranges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":676,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society","volume":"22 1","pages":"49 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142994897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}